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Kins 2500 > Chpt 3 > Flashcards

Chpt 3 Flashcards

1
Q

The shoulder consists of two anatomical structures; what are they?

A

Shoulder Girdle and Shoulder Joint

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2
Q

The shoulder girdle consists of what two bones?

A

Clavicle and Scapula

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3
Q

How is the shoulder joint formed?

A

Scapula and Humerus

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4
Q

What is the primary function of the shoulder girdle?

A

To accommodate the movement of the shoulder joint

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5
Q

What is often referred to as the collarbone?

A

The clavicle

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6
Q

What is the only bony attachment that has a trunk in the upper extremity?

A

The clavicle

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7
Q

What is the most often fractured bone and why?

A

The clavicle because it is held only by ligaments on the ends of the clavicle. Has no reinforcements

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8
Q

What is the lateral end of the clavicle called? and the medial end??

A

Acromial end; Sternal end

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9
Q

What are the superior bony landmarks of the clavicle?

A

Conoid tubercle and deltoid tubercle

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10
Q

What are the inferior bony landmarks of the clavicle?

A

Trapezoid line, coastal tuberosity, and the sub clavicle groove

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11
Q

What can be referred to as the shoulder blade?

A

The scapula

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12
Q

A glenoid fossa can be defined as?

A

A smooth slightly depressed surface on the scapula

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13
Q

Where is the articulation of the shoulder joint at?

A

Between the Scapula and humerus

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14
Q

Where can the glenohumeral joint be located at?

A

On the shoulder joint between the humerus and scapula

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15
Q

Where is the anatomical neck located at?

A

Between the head of the humerus and the greater/lesser tuberosities

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16
Q

What groove does the greater and lesser tuberosities make?

A

The intertubercular (bicitipal) groove

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17
Q

What two joints does the shoulder girdle have?

A

The acromioclavicular (AC) joint and the sternoclavicular (SC) joint

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18
Q

What does the lateral end of the clavicle articulate with?

A

The acromion and coracoid process of the scapula

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19
Q

The conoid and trapezius ligaments can be referred to as?

A

A single ligament named coracoclavicular ligament

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20
Q

What movements does the trapezoid ligament oppose?

A

Forward, upward, and lateral aspect of the clavicle

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21
Q

What movements does the conoid ligament oppose?

A

Backward, upward, and medial aspect of the clavicle

22
Q

What will happen at the loss of the coracoclavicular ligament?

A

The separation of upper extremities from the trunk of lower extremities.

23
Q

What is shoulder separation?

A

A sprain in the acromioclavicular joint and coraco ligament that results in a visible gap between the clavicle and scapula.

24
Q

What are the ligaments of the shoulder joint?

A

Capusalar, Glenohumeral, and coracohumeral

25
Q

What does the acromioclavicular joint function as and what does it do?

A

A joint capsule which completely surrounds the acromion process of the scapula and the lateral end of the clavicle tying it together

26
Q

What do ligaments do?

A

Tie bones together to articulate and run from one aspect of a bone to another.

27
Q

What four ligaments on the scapula run from one aspect to another?

A

Superior Transverse Scapular, Inferior Transverse Scapular, Coracoacromial ligament, and Glen Lip

28
Q

What is the glen lip also be known as?

A

Glenoid Labrum

29
Q

Where is the transverse humeral ligament located? What does it do?

A

At the crossing of the intertubercular groove and it’s only job is to hold the tendon of origin of the long head bicep brachii

30
Q

What is the primary function of the shoulder girdle?

A

To accommodate the shoulder joint by moving itself through the changing positions of the glenoid of the scapula

31
Q

What are the four fundamental movements of the shoulder girdle? What can they be defined as?

A

Elevation (superior-upward mvt)
Depression (Inferior-downward mvt)
Abduction (Upward rotation & lat tilt of scapula)
Adduction (Downward rotation & medial tilt of scapula)

32
Q

What is protraction and how does it happen?

A

It’s the tilting of the scapula as it glides along the chest on both sides of the scapula and it happens when hugging

33
Q

What is retraction?

A

Its the medial tilting of the scapula as it glides along the curvature of the chest

34
Q

What are the posterior muscles of the shoulder girdles?

A

Levator scapulae, rhomboids, and trapezuis

35
Q

What are the anterior muscles of the shoulder girdle?

A

Pectoralis Minor, serratus anterior, and subclavius

36
Q

What can the glenohumeral joint be classified as and why?

A

A triaxial joint because of the movement in all three cardinal planes (Flexion, Extension, Abduction)

37
Q

How many major muscles function to accomplish the six fundamental movements of the shoulder joints?

A

11;
Four- anterior
two- superior
three- inferior

38
Q

What other two movements can the shoulder joint do?

A

Circumduction and hypertension

39
Q

What are the anterior muscles of the shoulder joint?

A

Pectoralis Major, Coracobrachialis, Bicep Brachii, and Subscapularis

40
Q

What are the superior muscles of the shoulder joint?

A

Deltoid, Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, and teres minor

41
Q

What four muscles create the rotator cuff?

A

Subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor

42
Q

What are the inferior muscles of the shoulder joint?

A

Latissimus Dorsi, Teres Major, and Triceps brachii

43
Q

What is known as the swimming muscle?

A

The latissimus dorsi

44
Q

What is dislocation?

A

Bones of the joint are displaced

45
Q

What are the three most common forms of glenohumeral dislocation?

A

Anterior (subcoracoid),Posterior (subspinous), and downward (subglenoid)

46
Q

What is the most common form of shoulder dislocation which results from?

A

Anterior Dislocation that result from excessive abduction and external rotation of the shoulder joint.

47
Q

How does posterior (subspinous) dislocations happen?

A

excessive internal rotation and adduction of the shoulder joint

48
Q

How does downward (subglenoid) dislocation happen?

A

Excessive shoulder joint abduction with the humerus abutting the acromion process and head of the humerus being forced downward

49
Q

What is the scapulohumeral rhythm?

A

the ratio of the glenohumeral movement to the scapulothoracic movement during arm elevation

50
Q
A

Kins 2500 (4 decks)

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