Chpt 3

Question 1

The shoulder consists of two anatomical structures; what are they?

Answer 1

Shoulder Girdle and Shoulder Joint

Question 2

The shoulder girdle consists of what two bones?

Answer 2

Clavicle and Scapula

Question 3

How is the shoulder joint formed?

Answer 3

Scapula and Humerus

Question 4

What is the primary function of the shoulder girdle?

Answer 4

To accommodate the movement of the shoulder joint

Question 5

What is often referred to as the collarbone?

Answer 5

The clavicle

Question 6

What is the only bony attachment that has a trunk in the upper extremity?

Answer 6

The clavicle

Question 7

What is the most often fractured bone and why?

Answer 7

The clavicle because it is held only by ligaments on the ends of the clavicle. Has no reinforcements

Question 8

What is the lateral end of the clavicle called? and the medial end??

Answer 8

Acromial end; Sternal end

Question 9

What are the superior bony landmarks of the clavicle?

Answer 9

Conoid tubercle and deltoid tubercle

Question 10

What are the inferior bony landmarks of the clavicle?

Answer 10

Trapezoid line, coastal tuberosity, and the sub clavicle groove

Question 11

What can be referred to as the shoulder blade?

Answer 11

The scapula

Question 12

A glenoid fossa can be defined as?

Answer 12

A smooth slightly depressed surface on the scapula

Question 13

Where is the articulation of the shoulder joint at?

Answer 13

Between the Scapula and humerus

Question 14

Where can the glenohumeral joint be located at?

Answer 14

On the shoulder joint between the humerus and scapula

Question 15

Where is the anatomical neck located at?

Answer 15

Between the head of the humerus and the greater/lesser tuberosities

Question 16

What groove does the greater and lesser tuberosities make?

Answer 16

The intertubercular (bicitipal) groove

Question 17

What two joints does the shoulder girdle have?

Answer 17

The acromioclavicular (AC) joint and the sternoclavicular (SC) joint

Question 18

What does the lateral end of the clavicle articulate with?

Answer 18

The acromion and coracoid process of the scapula

Question 19

The conoid and trapezius ligaments can be referred to as?

Answer 19

A single ligament named coracoclavicular ligament

Question 20

What movements does the trapezoid ligament oppose?

Answer 20

Forward, upward, and lateral aspect of the clavicle

Question 21

What movements does the conoid ligament oppose?

Answer 21

Backward, upward, and medial aspect of the clavicle

Question 22

What will happen at the loss of the coracoclavicular ligament?

Answer 22

The separation of upper extremities from the trunk of lower extremities.

Question 23

What is shoulder separation?

Answer 23

A sprain in the acromioclavicular joint and coraco ligament that results in a visible gap between the clavicle and scapula.

Question 24

What are the ligaments of the shoulder joint?

Answer 24

Capusalar, Glenohumeral, and coracohumeral

Question 25

What does the acromioclavicular joint function as and what does it do?

Answer 25

A joint capsule which completely surrounds the acromion process of the scapula and the lateral end of the clavicle tying it together

Question 26

What do ligaments do?

Answer 26

Tie bones together to articulate and run from one aspect of a bone to another.

Question 27

What four ligaments on the scapula run from one aspect to another?

Answer 27

Superior Transverse Scapular, Inferior Transverse Scapular, Coracoacromial ligament, and Glen Lip

Question 28

What is the glen lip also be known as?

Answer 28

Glenoid Labrum

Question 29

Where is the transverse humeral ligament located? What does it do?

Answer 29

At the crossing of the intertubercular groove and it's only job is to hold the tendon of origin of the long head bicep brachii

Question 30

What is the primary function of the shoulder girdle?

Answer 30

To accommodate the shoulder joint by moving itself through the changing positions of the glenoid of the scapula

Question 31

What are the four fundamental movements of the shoulder girdle? What can they be defined as?

Answer 31

Elevation (superior-upward mvt) Depression (Inferior-downward mvt) Abduction (Upward rotation & lat tilt of scapula) Adduction (Downward rotation & medial tilt of scapula)

Question 32

What is protraction and how does it happen?

Answer 32

It's the tilting of the scapula as it glides along the chest on both sides of the scapula and it happens when hugging

Question 33

What is retraction?

Answer 33

Its the medial tilting of the scapula as it glides along the curvature of the chest

Question 34

What are the posterior muscles of the shoulder girdles?

Answer 34

Levator scapulae, rhomboids, and trapezuis

Question 35

What are the anterior muscles of the shoulder girdle?

Answer 35

Pectoralis Minor, serratus anterior, and subclavius

Question 36

What can the glenohumeral joint be classified as and why?

Answer 36

A triaxial joint because of the movement in all three cardinal planes (Flexion, Extension, Abduction)

Question 37

How many major muscles function to accomplish the six fundamental movements of the shoulder joints?

Answer 37

11; Four- anterior two- superior three- inferior

Question 38

What other two movements can the shoulder joint do?

Answer 38

Circumduction and hypertension

Question 39

What are the anterior muscles of the shoulder joint?

Answer 39

Pectoralis Major, Coracobrachialis, Bicep Brachii, and Subscapularis

Question 40

What are the superior muscles of the shoulder joint?

Answer 40

Deltoid, Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, and teres minor

Question 41

What four muscles create the rotator cuff?

Answer 41

Subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor

Question 42

What are the inferior muscles of the shoulder joint?

Answer 42

Latissimus Dorsi, Teres Major, and Triceps brachii

Question 43

What is known as the swimming muscle?

Answer 43

The latissimus dorsi

Question 44

What is dislocation?

Answer 44

Bones of the joint are displaced

Question 45

What are the three most common forms of glenohumeral dislocation?

Answer 45

Anterior (subcoracoid),Posterior (subspinous), and downward (subglenoid)

Question 46

What is the most common form of shoulder dislocation which results from?

Answer 46

Anterior Dislocation that result from excessive abduction and external rotation of the shoulder joint.

Question 47

How does posterior (subspinous) dislocations happen?

Answer 47

excessive internal rotation and adduction of the shoulder joint

Question 48

How does downward (subglenoid) dislocation happen?

Answer 48

Excessive shoulder joint abduction with the humerus abutting the acromion process and head of the humerus being forced downward

Question 49

What is the scapulohumeral rhythm?

Answer 49

the ratio of the glenohumeral movement to the scapulothoracic movement during arm elevation