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Peds > Chpt 3 Physical Exam > Flashcards

Chpt 3 Physical Exam Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

Birth to 2 months old

A

newborn

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2
Q

0 to 1 year old

A

Infant

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3
Q

1-28 days old

A

Neonatal

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4
Q

29 days - 1 year old

A

postneonatal

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5
Q

1-2 years old

A

Toddler

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6
Q

2+ years old

A

Child

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7
Q

What is used to assess neurologic recovery from birth and immediate adaption to extrauterine life?

A

APGAR Score

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8
Q

At what point (time) is the APGAR score done at?

A

1 AND 5 minutes after birth

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9
Q

What does APGAR stand for?

A 
A - Activity (muscle tone)
P - Pulse (HR)
G - Grimace (Reflex irritablity)
A - Appearance (color)
R - Respirations (respiratory effort)
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10
Q

What is the grading scale for APGAR scoring system?

A

0 (absent) to 2 (good)

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11
Q

What is the total scoring scale interpretations for the APGAR score at 1 minute?

A 
8-10 = normal
5-7 = some nervous system depression
0-4 = Severe depression, requiring immediate resuscitation
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12
Q

What is the total scoring scale interpretations for the APGAR score at 5 minutes?

A 
8-10 = normal
0-7 = High risk for subsequent CNS and other organ system dysfunction
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13
Q

What is the Ballard scoring system?

A

Estimates gestational age based on specific neuromuscular signs and physical characteristics

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14
Q

At what weeks gestation is Term according to Ballard scoring system?

A

37-42 weeks

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15
Q

What are Preterm and AGA (Appropriate for gestational age) infants more prone to have/develop?

A
  1. respiratory distress
  2. apnea
  3. patent ductus arteriosus
  4. infection
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16
Q

What ate LGA (Larger for gestational age) infants more prone to experience/develop?

A
  1. difficulties during birth
  2. present with metabolic abnormalites shortly after birth
  3. Risk factor for maternal diabetes
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17
Q

In what position do normal term newborns lie in?

A

symmetric position, limbs semiflexed and the legs partially abducted at hip

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18
Q

T/F the fingers of normal term newborns are usually flexed in a tight fist?

A

true

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19
Q

Where is the apical pulse located?

A

3rd - 5th intercostal space in the midclavicular line

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20
Q

Where is the femoral pulse taken?

A

point halfway b/w pubic tubercle and ASIS

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21
Q

What is the normal range of HB per minute for:

  1. newborn
  2. 1 y/o
  3. 3 y/o
  4. 6 y/o
  5. 10 y/o
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A
  1. 120 -170 bpm
  2. 80 - 160 bpm
  3. 80 - 160 bpm
  4. 75 - 115 bpm
  5. 70 - 110 bpm
22
Q

In infants does the abdomen or chest rise and fall during inspiration?

23
Q

In children does the abdomen or chest rise and fall during inspiration?

24
Q

What is the normal range or respirations per minute for:

  1. newborn
  2. 1 y/o
  3. 3 y/o
  4. 6 y/o
  5. 10 y/o
Study These Flashcards
A
  1. 30 -60 rpm
  2. 20 -40 rpm
  3. 20 - 30 rpm
  4. 16 - 22 rpm
  5. 16 - 20 rpm
25
What technique is used on infants to take BP?
Flush technique
26
At what age is BP measured the same way as an adult?
2 y/o
27
How do you make sure you are using the correct cuff size while taking BP?
Width should cover 2/3 of the upper arm
28
What is the consequence of having a BP cuff that is too wide?
underestimate BP
29
What is the consequence of having a BP cuff that is too narrow?
artificially high BP
30
Axillary temperatures correlate well with core temp in what age?
infants
31
Tympanic thermometers must read tympanic membrane which shares blood with what?
hypothalamus
32
*How often should a head circumference measurement be taken?
Every health visit
33
Where do you measure for head circumference
at the largest circumference, Occipital protuberance to the supraorbital prominence
34
Where do you measure for chest circumference?
around the nipple line to the nearest 1/8 in or .5 cm
35
What is the avg. weight at birth?
5 lbs 8 oz- 8 lbs 13 oz
36
What is the avg. length at birth?
18-22 in
37
What is the avg. head circumference at birth?
13 - 14 in
38
Most babies born to the same parents weigh within how many ounces of each other at birth?
6 oz
39
Length increases by what percent in the 1st year of life?
50%
40
How much does weight increase from birth to 6 months?
Doubles
41
How much does weight increase from birth to the 1st year?
Triples
42
At what point after birth should the chest exceed head circumference?
>2 years old
43
What part of the body grows the most during infancy?
Trunk
44
What body part is the fastest growing during childhood?
legs
45
What part of the body elongates during adolescence?
Trunk and legs
46
Skeletal mass and organ systems double in size during what part of life?
adolescence
47
What is the DDx if a patient's head circumference increases rapidly or rises above percentile curves?
think inc. intracranial pressure, HYDROCEPHALUS
48
What is the DDx if a patient's head circumference grows slowly or falls off percentile curves?
Microcephaly or craniosynostosis
49
Short stature Webbed neck, low hairline, shield chest, widespread nipples, and lymphedema are all signs of what?
Turner syndrome
50
Microcephaly, short stature, low hairline, long curly eyelashes, arched, confluent eyebrows, upturned nose, downward turned angles of mouth, excess body hair, bilateral clinodactyly, single simian crease, and decreased visual acuity are all signs of what
Cornelia de Lange syndrome

Peds (4 decks)

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