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Oral Pathology, Stephen > chpt 6 Fungal infections > Flashcards

chpt 6 Fungal infections Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

Infection from a yeastlike fungal organism

A

Candidiasis (older pts call it moniliasis)

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2
Q

what is dimorphism and why important to Candidiasis

A

can exist as yeast (innocuous) or hypae (infectious)

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3
Q

Most Common oral fungal infection in humans

A

candidiasis

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4
Q

Best recognized form of oral candidiasis

A

pseudomembranous candidiasis (Thrush)

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5
Q

2 common ways to get the opportunistic fungal infection Candidiasis

A

antibiotic treatment Steroid inhalers

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6
Q

Clinical appearance of Pseudomembranous Candidiasis

A

cottage cheese like white plaques that scrape off commonly occurring on cheeks, palate, dorsal tongue

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7
Q

2 ways to get pseudomembranous oral candidiasis

A

broad spectrum antibiotics Immune suppression

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8
Q

Symptoms of pseudomembranous oral candidiasis

A

burning sensation

Alternating unpleasant salty/bitter taste

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9
Q

What candidiasis form is more common than pseudomemberanous oral candidiasis

A

Erythmatous candidiasis

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10
Q

When does Erythmatous Candidiasis present and with what symptoms

A

after broad spectrum antibiotic Antibiotic sore mouth

Scalded mouth

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11
Q

What is the clinical appearance of Erythmatous Candidiasis

A

diffuse loss filiform papillae dorsal tongue w/ red/bald tongue appearance

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12
Q

What is a risk factor for Erythmatous Candidiasis

A

Xerostomia (pharmacologic, Sjogren’s)

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13
Q

What is median rhomboid glossitis

A

Central papillary atrophy of tongue, a form of erythmatous candidiasis. Midline, posterior dorsal tongue

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14
Q

External appearance of chronic multifocal candidiasis

A

angles of the mouth (Angular Cheilitis)

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15
Q

How tell difference between Leukoplakia and Chronic Hyperplastic Candidiasis (both are white lesions that will not rub off)

A

histology of chronic hyperplastic candidiasis will have fungal hyphae

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16
Q

2 ways to prevent Candidiasis

A

take probiotics or increase active yogurt culture intake while taking antibiotics

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17
Q

Siversky’s preferred antifungal treatment for Candidiasis infection

A

Clotrimazole 10mg

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18
Q

Causes of Angular Cheilitis

A

1) Loss Vertical Dimension
2) Vitamin B Deficiency
3) Immunosuppressed w/ Candidiasis

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19
Q

Exfoliative lesions of the vermillion zone and perioral skin due to superficial candidal infection

A

Cheilocandidiasis(Angular cheilitis)

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20
Q

Angular cheilitis can be a mixture of what

A

20% candidiasis alone
60% Candidiasis + S. Aureus
20% S. Aureus alone

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21
Q

Siversky’s Angular cheilitis Treatment

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A

Mycolog II (Nystatin antifungal 100,000 units/gram and Triamcinolone low dose steroid .1%)

22
Q

Why pair a low dose steroid (Triamcinolone) with anti-fungal (Nystatin)

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A

steroid decreases inflammation caused by antifungal

23
Q

What is Siversky’s treatment for Central Papillary Atrophy/Median Rhomboid Glossitis

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A

tongue scraper

24
Q

Form of Erythmatous candidiasis that is due to 24 hour denture wear, and is confined to the denture bearing areas of the mouth

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A

Denture stomatitis

25
Treatment for Denture Stomatitis (form of Erythmatous Candidiasis)
treat candidiasis Remake denture | OHI (remove/soak/brush denture, brush palate)
26
What must be present in histology for a Candidiasis diagnosis
Hyphae or pseudohyphae (elongated yeast cells)
27
What can Candidiasis be superimposed on
1) Lichen planus 2) Leukoplakia 3) Squamous Cell carcinoma
28
Systemic antifungal Siversky would use to treat Candidiasis
Fluconazole
29
Most common systemic fungal infection in US, especially HIV
Histoplasmosis (generally a pulmonary disease)
30
Histoplasmosis found commonly in what areas
humid areas w/ soil enriched by bird or bat excrement
31
Of the three forms of Histoplasmosis (Acute, Chronic, Disseminated), which manifests oral lesions
Disseminated
32
Most commonly affected sites by Disseminated Histoplasmosis
tongue, palate, buccal mucosa
33
What is the clinic presentation of Histoplasmosis
solitary, variably painful ulcer of several week’s duration possibly with rolled margins making it look malignant
34
Histoplasmosis histology that is like Tuberculosis and Sarcodosis
Granulomas
35
Treatment for Acute Histoplasmosis
None. Self-limiting
36
Treatment for Chronic Histoplasmosis
IV Amphotericin B if does not resolve (significant kidney damage from Amphotericin B)
37
What can be used to treat Chronic Histoplasmosis if patient is nonimmunosuppressed
3 months Itraconazole
38
Opportunistic fungal infection normally from decaying material
Zygomycosis
39
Who is Zygomycosis found commonly in
uncontrolled diabetics w/ ketoacidosis
40
Why is ketoacidosis helpful to Zygomycosis infection
ketoacidosis inhibits iron binding which increases serum iron. Iron enhances zygomycosis fungal growth
41
Rhinocerberal Zygomycosis has what clinical symptoms
- Nasal obstruction - Bloody noses - Facial pain/swelling/cellulosis - Facial paralysis - Blindness (advanced stages) - Seizures (advanced stages)
42
Histology of Zygomycosis
90 deg branching thick hyphae w/ extensive necrosis
43
Treatment for Zygomycosis
surgical debridement | High dose amphotericin B
44
Fungal infection with both invasive and non-invasive forms from soil, water, or decay
Aspergillosis
45
Only what form of Aspergillosis grows at 37 C.
Pathogenic
46
Clinical presentation of Aspergillosis
Show as allergic fungal sinusitis
47
What is the mass of fungal hypae called when the infect the maxillary sinus
Aspergilloma
48
What is the differential for a mass found in the maxillary sinus (Antrolith)
Sinusitis | Aspergillosis
49
Can there be necrosis with Aspergillosis
Yes, the hyphae can occlude blood vessels
50
Aspergillosis immunocompetent treatment
Local debridement, corticosteroid, antifungal

Oral Pathology, Stephen (13 decks)

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