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RS GCSE > Christianity: Beliefs and Teachings > Flashcards

Christianity: Beliefs and Teachings Flashcards

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1
Q

Define Omnipotence

A

All-Powerful

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2
Q

Define Omnibenevolence

A

All-Loving

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3
Q

Define Omniscience

A

All knowing

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4
Q

Define Transcendent

A

Beyond human concept/understanding

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5
Q

Define Cataphatic description

A

describing something the way it is

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6
Q

Define Apophatic description

A

describing something the way it isnt

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7
Q

Quotes saying God is omnipotent/transcendent

A

Noah’s Ark, Genesis: ‘Let there be light’ and ‘The Almighty is beyond our reach and exalted in power’ - Job 37:23

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8
Q

Quotes saying God is loving/fair

from john and job

A

‘My father’s house has many rooms’ - John 14:2

‘in his justice and great righteousness, he does not oppress’- Job 37:23

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9
Q

What is the evidential problem of evil

A

Evil is so overbearing the value of any lessons learnt aren’t hence evil cant be the creation of a God with omniscient, omnibenevolent qualities

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10
Q

What is the logical problem of evil

A

How can an all-loving,all-powerful God allow suffering

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11
Q

What is the inconsistent triad

A
  • If God is omnibenevolent he would want to remove evil and suffering
  • If God is omniscient to would know how to remove evil and suffering
  • If God is omnipotent he would be able to remove evil and suffering
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12
Q

Define evil and suffering

A

Evil - when a malicious action has a deep negative impact on someone’s life

Suffering- The state of undergoing pain or hardship

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13
Q

What are the 3 types of evil

A
  • Natural Evil – suffering caused by natural disasters
  • Moral Evil – suffering caused by humans
  • Metaphysical Evil – suffering because we live, sickness, death
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14
Q

Define Theodicy

A

Argument which defends the probability of an omnipotent and omnibenevolent God in the face of evil in the world

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15
Q

Summarise Iraneaus’ Theodicy

A
  • Men created imago dei and have to develop to God’s likeness
  • world was a ‘soul-making place’ and evil had divine purpose to make us better.
  • Book of Job would support this
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16
Q

What is a quote that supports Iraneaus’ Theodicy

A

Genesis 1:27

So, God created man in his own image

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17
Q

Summarise Augustine’s Theodicy

A
  • Augustine believed evil was not created by God and is a ‘priavtion of good’ and is a result of orignial sin
  • As all humans are ‘seminally present in the loins of adam’
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18
Q

What is a Quote that supports Augustine’s Theodicy

A

Romans 5:12

Therefore, just as sin entered the world through one man, and death through sin, and in this way, death came to all men, because all sinned

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19
Q

Where are the origins of the devil

A

Found in the Apocrypha (hidden esoteric of questionable authenticity) as Lucifer was too proud to bow to humans so fell to earth

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20
Q

How is Satan mentioned in the Bible

A

Satan is only mentioned when he tempts Jesus for 40 days and Jesus recites bible verses to resist temptations

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21
Q

What quote implies Satan is leading people to commit sin

A

1 Peter 5:8

Be sober-minded; be watchful. Your adversary the devil prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour.

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22
Q

What is the Holy Trinity

A

It is Son ,Father and the Holy Spirit. 3 Aspects of One God

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23
Q

What quote supports the Holy Trinity

A

“Thou shalt have no other gods before me.’ Second Commandment

‘Therefore, go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit’ Matthew 28:19

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24
Q

What are the Characteristics of the Father

A

Creator, Loving, Transcendent, In heaven, Judge

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25
What are the Characteristics of the Son
Fully Human and Fully God, God Incarnate, Immanent
26
What are the Characteristics of the Holy Spirit
God’s presence on earth, ‘Moved by the Holy Spirit’ feeling of god symbolised. Omnipresent, Eternal
27
What are the 3 different interpretations of the Bible
* Bible is the absolute truth * Bible is divinely inspired so some parts are true some parts are not * The Bible has a spiritual message and is trying to spread the message of God
28
What is the Big Bang Theory
that a singularity expanded to form everything
29
What is the evidence that supports the Big Bang Theory
Red shift – evidence of an ever-expanding universe so they’re must’ve been a singularity Cosmic microwave background radiation- this energy was found everywhere, the energy came from the singularity
30
Describe Genesis 1
God creates the world in 6 days in the order of: - Light, Sky, Land, Sun Moon Stars, marine and airbourne,Animals that live on land and humans And then rested on the seventh day
31
Describe Genesis 2
Adam was made from the 'dust of the ground' when God breathed life into him Eve was created out of one of Adam's ribs to provide company and help for Adam
32
What are the 3 main points of both Genesis stories
- God made everything ex nihilo - God made everything good - God made humanity as the high point of creation
33
Difference of Genesis and Big Bang
* Order: in Genesis land and seas come before the sun * Timeline: Genesis was in 7 days * Purpose: Genesis was made by God
34
Similarities of Genesis with Big Bang
* There was a beginning * The ‘Spirit of God hovering over the waves’ was maybe the singularity * Spiritual reading shows that the message is that God is the creator
35
What was the Holy Spirits role in creation
‘The Spirit of God was hovering over the water.' shows the eternal/omnipresent aspect of God
36
What was the Son's role in creation (2 quotes from John)
‘In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God. He was with God in the beginning. Through him all things were made.’ John 1:1 - Scholars agree this refers to Jesus due to : ‘The word became flesh and made his dwelling among us’ John1:14 -This shows Jesus as Eternal
37
What are the key Christian beliefs about Jesus
- Jesus is the son of God and the Messiah - He is fully god and fully human - He was free of sin - His death was atonement for original sin - His ressurection +ascension shows an afterlife and he truly was the son of God
38
What is the annunciation
the angel Gabriel’s delivery of the news of her impeding pregnancy to the virgin Mary
39
Define Incarnation
a person who embodies in the flesh a deity spirit or quality
40
Why is Incarnation important to Christians
- Proves God is personal - Understands pain - Came to save us shows love
41
Who was Jesus sentenced to death by
Pontius Pilate
42
Why was Jesus wanted dead
Jews wanted him dead for Blasphemy and Romans wanted him dead for treason
43
Who betrayed jesus
Judas by kissing him for silver pieces
44
When was Jesus crucified
At the site of Golgotha on Good Friday
45
How long did Jesus suffer for
6 hours and called out 'My God,My God, why have you forsaken me?' (Mark 15:34)
46
What was the aftermath of Jesus' Death
Temple Curtain ripped in two showing Jesus has opened a relationship with God to all people and atones There was also darkness and earthquakes;' saw the earthquake and all that had happened, they were terrified, and exclaimed, "Surely he was the Son of God!"' (Matthew 25:47)
47
Who asked for Jesus' dead body to clean and put in a tomb
Joseph of Arimathea
48
Who went to anoint Jesus on Sunday
The female disciples inc. Mary Magdalene found his body to have disappeared and angels told them 'he has risen,he is not here' Matthew 28:6
49
Why is Resurrection/ascension important to Christians
Shows divinity of Jesus,shows how Good triumphs over evil by accepting Jesus. Acension shows Jesus is the way to God
50
Define Personal Judgement
Personal Judgement- when someone dies and goes either to heaven or hell
51
Define Collective Judgement
Judgement Day where all of humanity is judged
52
What parable shows judgement
parable of the sheep and the goats ‘he will separate the people one from another as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats.’ Matthew 25:32
53
What quote shows that jesus is the only way to heaven
‘I am the way and the truth and the life. No one comes to the father except me’ John 14:
54
Define Heaven
Christians as eternally being able to experience the presence of God
55
What are different interpretations of Hell
eternally being away from God or real suffering due to sin ‘ye cursed into everlasting fire’ Matthew 25:41
56
What do Christians believe in
Purgatory where souls are punished for their sins in life
57
Define sin
action or thought that goes against God’s laws
58
why do all humans commit sin
original sin which causes humans to do wrong. Original sin was born from Adam and Eve eating from the tree of knowledge
59
Define Salvation
to be saved from sins and the consequences of it
60
What is salvation through works and faith
faith in God and obeying Gods Law leads to heaven
61
What is salvation through faith
salvation is given by God through faith in Jesus
62
Quote that supports salvation through faith | from Ephesians
'For it is by grace you have been saved, through faith... not by works, so that no one can boast.' - Ephesians 2:8-9
63
What is Jesus role in salvation
Jesus’ death makes up for the original sin committed by adam and eve so people can be brought back to God. Known as ATONEMENT
64
Quote that shows atonement
• "He himself bore our sins" in his body on the cross, so that we might die to sins and live for righteousness; "by his wounds you have been healed."- Peter 2:24

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