christmas test Flashcards
0
Q
what is a secondary source?
A
it is written or made by someone who didn’t witness the event.
1
Q
what is a primary source?
A
it is something written by a person who witnessed the event
2
Q
What is a census?
A
a survey of a population numbers in a country at a particular time
3
Q
What is bias?
A
One-sided account
4
Q
What is an artefact?
A
a man-made object
5
Q
what is propaganda?
A
Information promoting a particular organisation
6
Q
What is exaggeration?
A
Over explaining something
7
Q
What is chronology?
A
the correct time/order
8
Q
What is stratigraphy?
A
study of the layers of the soil
9
Q
What is dendrochronology?
A
the science or technique of dating events
10
Q
what is Anno Domini(AD)?
A
Latin for the year of the Lord
11
Q
Why did the first settlers to arrive in Ireland settle along the coast or on the bank of rivers?
A
because Ireland was covered in dense forest
12
Q
what are post-holes?
A
they are holes in the ground where upright poles once stood
13
Q
what kind of information might archeologists gather from the study of midden?
A
what the first settlers ate
14
Q
why did the early settlers move from place to place?
A
in search for food
15
Q
a good historian asks a lot of ________
A
questions
16
Q
historians learn about history from different _______
A
sources
17
Q
there are two types of ________: __________ _______ and ________ ______.
A
sources primary source secondary source
18
Q
a photograph of an event is an example of a _______ ________.
A
primary source
19
Q
the government collects information on population in a ________.
A
census
20
Q
this a text book is a ________ source.
A
secondary
21
Q
when someone describes the characteristics of a friend so that they appear nicer than they really are, this is called _______.
A
Biased
22
Q
_________ is when information or rumours are spread to influence people’s views.
A
propaganda
23
Q
_______ is the study of time.
A
chronology
24
AD stands for ______ _______.
Anno Domini
25
BCE stands for _______ the _________ ____.
before the common era
26
__________ look for ________ in the ground at digs or ________.
Archaeologists artefacts excavation
27
previous finds and valuable artefacts from a dig are kept in a _______.
museum
28
would you agree that the first farmer in Ireland were more knowledgeable than the early settlers?
They were more knowledgeable because they grew crops and they build stronger houses.
29
How did framer prepare the land for sewing crops?
Cut down trees with stone axes +used mattocks or wooden ploughs to turn the soil to prepare the land for crop season
30
What type of houses did the farmers live in?
They were rectangular in shape and made from wood or mud or a mixture of both. Walls built from wattle and daub
31
How did we know the first farmer probably believed in an afterlife??
We know they believed in afterlife because they buried the people with food and pottery.
32
What evidence is there to suggest that Neolithic farmers were great builders??
because they build strong houses and they build tomb with corbelled roofs
33
describe a dolmen.
a dolmen was the simplest tomb, it gets it name from two words meaning 'stone table'. The dolmen is made from three standing stones and one huge stone which is called a capstone placed on top.
34
describe a court cairn.
The court cairn was a chamber built with standing stones covered by earth.
35
describe a passage grave.
The passage grave is a long passage into a burial chamber this is where it gets its name.
36
what was the functions of the roof box above the entrance to the passage grave at Newgrange.
to let the light shine down the passage of the gave on the 21st December, the winter solstice.
37
name to metals that were used to make bronze.
a mixture of tin and cooper
38
how did the use of bronze help improve the lives of framer?
the bronze could be beaten or melted into tools weapons or household goods.
39
what is a lunula?
its is a golden necklace that was made in the bronze age.
40
what is a cist grave?
it is a shallow pit lined with stones slabs and covered by a large flat stone. They were placed in a crouched position
41
what is a wedge tomb?
it is a tomb that is narrow at the back and higher and wider at the front.
42
what is a stone circle?
were large upright stones placed in a circle. Maybe used as a calendar
43
describe two way in which people in the bronze age people cooked their food.
they cooked their food in bronze cauldrons over fire. they also used cooking places know as fulachta fiadh
44
when did the celts begin to control Europe?
around 650 BC
45
where didd the celts come from?
central europe
46
how to know so much about the celts?
because the romans wrote about them. They also traded and sometimes fought with the Greeks and Romans
47
what is ogham?
it is the celtic alphabet. They cut notches into edge of a standing stone
48
did the celts care about their appearance?
they did because they had a rule that if the celtic warriors' bellies stuck out they would be fined. They also wore colourful clothes
49
what type of clothes did the celts wear?
the men wore woollen trouser and soft leather boots.the women wore woollen dresses with leather belts and a shawl over their shoulder.
50
how do we know that the celts were skilled craftspeople?
because archaeologists found many objects made by celts.
51
what is a rí?
a king
52
what is a tánaiste?
The successor chosen during the life time of the king to take over when the king died.
53
mention four types of people that were members of the Aos Dána.
brehans, druids, fili, craftsmen
54
what were the brehon laws?
they were ancient laws that had been passed from generation to generation.
55
what important role did the fili and bards play in celtic society?
fili learned the history and legends of the celts by composing poetry and learning by heart. Bards employed by nobles to sing or say the poems at special occasions
56
what is a rath or ringfort?
a celtic dwelling place
57
why are some ringforts called casbels?
because they were surrounded by stones
58
how were crannogs built?
they were built by putting stones, rocks, mud and pieces of wood into the lake to make an island and then building a home on top with wood.
59
how did the crannog offer protection to its inhabitants?
It was hard to reach because it was in the middle of the lake and it had high wall for protection.
60
What is a promontory fort?
A fort which is built on a cliff eg.dun aengus
61
Who was Palladius and when did he come to Ireland?
He was Bishop and he came in 431AD
62
What happened to Saint Patrick when he was 16 years old?
He was taken from his home to Ireland to be a slave
63
Why did he return to Ireland
Because he had a dream telling him to convert the Irish to Christianity
64
Why did the Druids not welcome Saint Patrick's return to Ireland
because they did not want him to convert the Irish people to Christianity because they had their pagan beliefs
65
How did Saint Patrick's set about converting the Irish to Christianity?
He started by trying to convince the King using a shamrock to show the holy trinity and then hoped the nobles and the rest would follow their leader. He would set up a church before going to next Tauth
66
Where was the first Irish monastery established
Inis mór by St. Enda
67
Why were monasteries often situated in isolated areas
Because it was quiet and away from distraction
68
What is An oratory?
A small rectangular church
69
What was a beehive hut?
Small stone cells called beehive huts
70
What was a high cross
Decorative crosses made by monks
71
What is a scriptorium
Special room where manuscripts for a copied
72
What is filigree work?
the art of twisting and weaving gold wire
73
describe the craftwork monks did.
monks called scribes produced handwritten copies of manuscripts. stone masons built large decorative crosses called high crosses. Metal workers made sliver chalices decorated with coloured stone and gold wire.
74
describe how manuscripts were copied.
Manuscripts were copied in special rooms called scriptoriums. They wrote is on parchment or calfskin called vellum. They used a quill to write and used plants + herbs to decorate
75
why did some Irish monks travel abroad?
because they felt it was their duty to establish monasteries in other countries
76
List two other saints associated with establishment of monasteries
St Kevin an St Brigid
77
What are the Celtic gods
Daghda, Lug and Manannán Mac Lir
78
List the festivals; start with the most important feast
1. Samham
2. Bealtaine
3. Imbolc
4. Lughnasa
79
How important were Celtic women
They were very important because they had to cook and clean an grow up the children. Noble women could own property. Eg: queen Boudicca
