Chromatography

Question 1

principle of chromatography

Answer 1

adsorption or partition

Question 2

column chromatography

Answer 2

stationary phase is solid or liquid supported by a solid

Question 3

thin layer chromatography

Answer 3

used to separate mixtures, check purity of a mixture and to monitor the progress of reaction

Question 4

paper chromatography

Answer 4

liquid liquid chromatography can also be carried out on a strip of paper. thin liquid film of solvent held on the paper will act as a stationary phase.

Question 5

adsorption CC

Answer 5

column of solid is used as adsorbent

Question 6

partition CC

Answer 6

when solid column is acting only as a support to the liquid adsorbent

Question 7

chromatogram

Answer 7

a banded column of adsorbed constituents

Question 8

elution and eluent

Answer 8

dissolving out of component s form adsorbent is called elution and the solvent is called eluent

Question 9

applications of CC

Answer 9

1) quantitative separation
2) purification
3) concentration
4) identification

Question 10

chromatoplate

Answer 10

glass plate with thin layer of stationary phase

Question 11

how do you get the result if the components are colourless in TLC

Answer 11

the dried plate is sprayed with a suitable reagent to make the spot coloured

Question 12

Rf value

Answer 12

the ratio of distance travelled by a component to the distance travelled by solvent front

Question 13

advantages of TLC

Answer 13

1) separation of minute quantities
2) sensitive and sharp separation
3) high speed of separation
4) wide choice of stationary phases

Question 14

applications of TLC

Answer 14

1) detection of purity and identification
2) pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industry
3) biochem analysis

Question 15

HPLC

Answer 15

Modern method and powerful tool for the separation, purification and identification of various non volatile high molecular weight organic compounds and natural products

Question 16

advantages of HPLC

Answer 16

1) high speed separation
2) excellent column separation
3) solvent consumption is minimum
4) sensitive and accurate
5) can be done in ambient temp

Question 17

2 types of detectors in HPLC

Answer 17

1) bulk property

2) solute property

Question 18

2 ways in which elution can be done

Answer 18

1) isocratic done by 1 solvent of constant composition

2) gradient done by 2 or more solvents differing in polarities

Question 19

applications of HPLC

Answer 19

1) quality control
2) process control
3) forensic analysis
4) environmental monitoring
5) clinical testing
6) biomed research work

Question 20

gas chromatography

Answer 20

for separation and analysis of gaseous mixture and volatile organic compounds

Question 21

applications of gas chromatography

Answer 21

1) analysis of natural gas, gasoline plant samples, refinery gases, synthetic rubber and plastic intermediates, steroidal hormones
2) separation of close boiling liquids
3) determination of ethyl alcohol content in blood using glycol column
4) multicomponent analysis
5) steroidal hormones

Question 22

analyte

Answer 22

substance to be separated during chromatography

Question 23

bonded phase

Answer 23

stationary phase that is covalently bonded to the support particles or to the inside wall of the column tubing

Question 24

chromatogram

Answer 24

visual output of chromatograph

Question 25

chromatograph

Answer 25

enables sophisticated separation

Question 26

chromatography

Answer 26

separation that distributes components to separate between 2 phases, one stationary while other moves in definite direction

Question 27

eluate

Answer 27

mobile phase leaving column

Question 28

eluent

Answer 28

solvent that carries analyte

Question 29

eluotropic series

Answer 29

list of solvents ranked acc to their eluting power

Question 30

immobilized phase

Answer 30

stationary phase that is immobilized on the support particles or on inner wall of column tubing

Question 31

preparative chromatography

Answer 31

purify sufficient quantities for further use

Question 32

retention time

Answer 32

time taken for analyte to pass through the system

Question 33

sample

Answer 33

matter analyzed