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ClinChem Lec 2ndYR 2ndSem Prelims > Chromatography & Mass Spectrophotometry > Flashcards

Chromatography & Mass Spectrophotometry Flashcards

(64 cards)

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1
Q

Is analytical technique commonly used for separating a mixture of chemical substances into individual components, so that the individual components can be thoroughly analyzed

A

Chromatography

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2
Q

Type of chromatography according to their mobile phase

A

Gas
Liquid

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3
Q

Basic components of chromatography

A

Mobile phase / carrier
Stationary phase / absorbent
Column
Eluate
Eluent
Elution
Analyte
Retention time / factor

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4
Q

Solvent moving through the column

A

Mobile phase / carrier

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5
Q

Where the mobile phase flows

A

Stationary phase / absorbent

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6
Q

Holds the stationary phase

A

Column

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7
Q

Separated components in chromatography

A

Eluate

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8
Q

Fluid or substance that enters the column and moves the analyte

A

Eluent

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9
Q

The process of washing out a compound through a column using a suitable solvent

A

Elution

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10
Q

Mixture whose individual components have to be separated and analyzed

A

Analyte

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11
Q

The time it takes for a compound or analyte to elute

A

Retention time / factor

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12
Q

Separating compounds based in their volatility

A

Gas Chromatography

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13
Q

2 types of gas chromatography

A

gas-liquid
gas-solid

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14
Q

gas chromatography based on partition

A

Gas-liquid chromatography

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15
Q

gas chromatography based on adsorption

A

Gas-solid chromatography

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16
Q

2 types of columns

A

Glass or Stainless steel / Packed
Thin-fused silica / Capillary

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17
Q

2 types of detectors

A

Thermal conductivity
Flame ionization

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18
Q

detector that contain wires that change electrical resistance with change in temperature

A

Thermal conductivity

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19
Q

detector that is more sensitive that TC detectors

A

Flame ionization

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20
Q

measures the unknown resistance values in the Thermal Conductivity Detector, and can be used for calibration of different instruments

A

Wheatstone Bridge

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21
Q

Usual gas used in TCD

A

Helium

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22
Q

Part of the sample carrier gas mixture in the injection chamber is exhausted in the split vent

A

Split mode

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23
Q

All the sample carrier gas mixture in the injection chamber is transported through the column

A

Split less mode

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24
Q

Type of column where the stationary phase is coated directly in the column

A

Packed

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25
Type of column where the stationary phase is coated with the inner wall of the column
Capillary
26
Operation of flame ionization detector is based on
the detection of ions formed during combustion of organic compounds
27
When an organic compound is mixed within the hydrogen flame, mainly what is generated?
Carbon ions
28
Uses lower temperature for separation achieving better separation of thermolabile compounds
Liquid Chromatography
29
Compound or sample is actually unstable when heated and they are readily destroyed or deactivated especially when introduced with heat
Thermolabile
30
Types of separation techniques
Adsorption Partition Steric Exclusion Affinity Ion-exchange
31
The adhesion of atoms or molecules to a certain surface
Adsorption
32
Common adsorbent used in adsorption chromatography
Silica
33
Separation of substances according to their solubility in an organic/non-polar solvent and in an aqueous/polar solvent
Partitiion
34
Separation based on size and shape
Steric Exclusion
35
Steric Exclusion is aka
Gel filtration chromtography
36
Use of resin for covalent attachment of anions or cation into it, and is widely used for the separation of proteins, peptides, and nucleic acids
Ion Exchange
37
Most selective type of chromatography employed. It utilizes the specific interaction between one kind of solute molecule and a second molecule that is immobilized on a stationary phase
Affinity
38
2 types of chromatographic procedures
Thin-layer High-performance liquid
39
Most recommended as it has the highest sensitivity compared to others
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
40
Most commonly sued as a semiquantitative screening test
Thin-layer Chromtography
41
Used pressure for fast separations, controlled temperature, in-line detectors and gradient elution techniques
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
42
Basic components of HPLC
Pump Columns Sample injectors Detectors Recorders
43
Forces the mobile phase through the column at a much greater philosophy
Pump
44
2 types of pump in HPLC
Mechanical reciprocating Pneumatic Hydraulic amplifier
45
Most widely used pump
Mechanical Reciprocating pump
46
For preoperative purposes
Pneumatic pump
47
Mose common column in HPLC
Silica gel
48
can be used to introduce the sample into the path of the mobile phase that carries it into the column
Sample injectors
49
Best and most common sample injector in HPLC
Loop injector
50
3 types of detectors in HPLC
Spectrophotometers Photoidiode array Amperometric/Electrochemical
51
HPLC detector that detects absorbances of visible or UV light
Spctrophotometer
52
HPLC detector used for spectral comparisons and compound identification and purity and for drug analysis
Photodiode array
53
HPLC detector that measures current produced when the analyte of interest is oxidized or reduced at some fixed potential set between a pair of electrodes
Amperometric
54
Used to record detector signal versus the time mobile phase passed through the instrument, starting from the time of sample injection
Recorder
55
Graph that the recorder makes is called
Chromatogram
56
Based on fragmentation and ionization of molecules using a suitable source of energy
Mass Spectrophotometry
57
Basic component of mass spectrometry
Sample inlet Ionization source Mass analyzer Ion detector
58
2 types of mass spectrometer
Quadrupole Ion-trap
59
Mass spectrometer with direct electrical current and radio frequency voltages of selected magnitudes are applied to two pairs of metallic rods
Quadrupole mass spectrometer
60
Mass spectrometer with 3 electrodes in a ring shaped and 2 end caps produce ions in the cavity until selectively ejected to the ion detector
Ion-trap spectrometer
61
Used for greater selectivity and lower detection limit
Tandfem Mass Spectrometry
62
TMS Triple quad Used to scan across a present m/z range and select an ion of interest
Q1
63
TMS Triple quad Functions as a collision cell
Q2
64
TMS Triple quad Serves to analyze the product ions generated in Q2
Q3

ClinChem Lec 2ndYR 2ndSem Prelims (1 decks)

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