church history 2b Flashcards
(191 cards)
1
Q
its a “proxy” war how?
A
she’s dealing with the non conformists indirectly through the issue of vestments - knowing they’ll throw themselves out - making her look stronger and them weaker
2
Q
puritanism begins to have both….
A
stronger AND moderate voices from here
3
Q
every denom comes from …
A
english puritanism - family tree
4
Q
2 puritans write to parliament in 1570…
A
“Admonition to Parliament” - demand that Parl get the queen to chill ab vestments - don’t get anywhere
5
Q
Cambridge under Eliz ….
A
2-3 puritan houses - seminaries - great scholarship happened there- discovery of Aramaic- textual criticism - manuscripts of OT & NT- study there led to KJV
6
Q
reformed mvmt begins to diverge…
A
Bullinger and Beza - both sending diff messages to Calv in Eng- saying yes and no to politic involvement
7
Q
Eliz reigns for
A
35 yrs
8
Q
she never…
A
marries b/c don’t want kingdom to go to outsider
9
Q
Eng invites in a new line to rule….
A
from Scotland - James - related to Tudors - King James 1 (6th in Scot)
10
Q
Scot and Eng are same country
A
with distinctions
11
Q
James 1 has been raised by hard core…
A
Puritans
12
Q
he was ________ as a boy
A
raped by 30 yr old man – issues w/ orientation - scarred
13
Q
raised to view kingship like…
A
Divine Right (like Henry) from David
14
Q
Scot, Ire, Eng united on coronation 1603
A
now from Tudor to Stuart monarchy
15
Q
Puritans get all fired up b/c…
A
they think they’ll have their way now agains the conformists / anglicans
16
Q
what happens at Hampton Court Conference?
A
he gets handed Millenary Petition - 1000 names saying please reform the church - it’s their candy list b/c they presume he’s gonna do it all…backfires…he calls this Conference where he meets w/ Puritans and Conformists - all who fought - not gonna let either party tell him what to do
17
Q
Whitgift comes forward….
A
says don’t listen to the Puritans and Jas screams at him for not letting the Bible be translated
18
Q
then Richard Bancroft the puritan comes up..
A
and he get screamed at for making mtn out of mole hill on every issue
19
Q
outcome…
A
both don’t get what they want but both get SOMETHING - new Bible - KJV - they had to work together on it
20
Q
KJV Bible…
A
reads like Shakespeare - cadence - musical language
21
Q
w/in a year terrorist attack on Jas and Eng govt…
A
GUNPOWDER PLOT
22
Q
who was behind it?
A
Guy Fawkes
23
Q
what happened?
A
rented space under Parliament and put enough gun powder to blow 6 mi’s of London up - discovered Nov 5 - “remember remember the 5th of November”- still burn paper mache pope on Nov 5- most amazing near misses in Eng hist- PUSHED FURTHER PROTESTANT
24
Q
Religion under James 1
A
all denom’s begin here
25
General Baptists...
bap came out of Puritanism - wanted indep congregational authority and blvr baptism
26
80% of puritans are...
inf bap
27
Bap and Presb comes out of
puritanism
28
who wrote Basilikon Doron?
King Jas - basically saying key to being king is to have people obey you - David in Biblekeep groups off balance so they depend on you
29
James reigns for ...
20 yrs and gives us KJV Bible
30
next is ...
Charles 1 - MORON
31
Ch 1 is ...
mean and arrogant - treats pple like crap
32
marries a ....
Catholic wife! and later tries to persecute puritans - he hates them and this creates opening for Arminians to Eng - to aggrivate puritans
33
Archbishop who antagonizes puritans...
Laud - even cuts off ears - Boxing ears
34
Laud invents..
high church
35
Scottish Presbyterians...
rebel - they worship with Knox's liturgy - Ch wanted them to use bk of common prayer- old woman throws stool and rebellion breaks out
36
Charles calls parliament..
The Long Parliament 20 yrs - he wants $ and troops to kill scots - P says NO! He tries to fire them all and they decide to never adjourn so nothing ratified - "long" parliament
37
Parliament gets mad and they decide to ...
rebel too!! Civil War - 1643-46
38
Parl writes a treaty with Scot...
Solemn League and Covenant - partner w/ Scots to fight Ch
39
2 sides in civil war were
1. Royalists - Charles side - Laud and bishops2. Parliamentarians - Cromwell - head general - John Owen is a chaplain during this time w/ Cromwell - they were sick of the king
40
Charles 1 surrenders
next 3 yrs he's in prison
41
during this time 1646 Parliament calls a subcommittee to pull together theological commitments..
Westminster Confession of Faith - Larger and Shorter Catechism - tech a govt doc
42
charles gets ...
beheaded in 1649
43
1653-58 was a period under...
Cromwell - the Protectorate - acts like a monarch
44
Charles 2 put...
on the throne
45
was predestination a central dogma in 16th cent?
no
46
how was it discussed?
1. discussed under salvation2. view shared by all reformers
47
was it a central issue for Calvin?
no - it was already being discussed under topic of salvation
48
what was the issue for Calvin?
if i come to faith - did I save myself or did God give me the ability to respond in faith
49
wesley's view?
we're messed up but not dead - prevenient view of grace
50
Was Beza different than Calvin on predestination?
yes - he took it to a diff level
51
was it a central doctrine for Beza?
yes - he focused on HOW it works not just THAT it works
52
Beza discussed it under..
God's being - more philosophical- who is God and what is his sov choice
53
Beza tried to state...
what God was thinking - how and what order- his views not shared then by all reformers
54
what did other reformers do?
challenged him a. it was a whole new line of thinking and b. this isn't what Calvin would do
55
what were the 2 new concepts?
1. Infralapsarianism2. Supralapsarianism
56
what is lapsarianism?
the Fall (lapse)
57
what is Infra?
in the midst of
58
what is Supra?
before
59
what is Infralapsarian order?
CreatePermit the FallElect some, pass over the restProvide Salvation for the elect
60
what is Supralapsarian order?
Elect to salvationCreatePermit the FallProvide Salvation
61
what's the central issue?
which thing does God prioritize?- Supra makes it seem like creation was incidental to demonstrating election not a part of it - feels like a game God set up
62
what does Infra appear to be?
God is a creator and he saves - follows the flow of REDEMPTION STORY
63
what's the main problem with all this?
1. it's idolatry to think God's thoughts w/o Him revealing it2. God's mind doesn't work temporally - his thoughts are not ours - so ordering FOR Him is crazy - for Him everything is NOW3. Under Beza Supra - becomes new hot idea model
64
in both cases God is...
saving before He creates
65
it is attempting to order..
both chronologically and logically
66
what comes as a result of all this?
ARMINIANISM
67
how?...who is William Perkins?
writes On the Order and Mode of Predestination 1598- lives in Cambridge - puritan hot bed- he loves Beza's model- this book is SUPRA- next 50-75 yrs this argument on the continent moves to England in EXTREME versions - beza Calvinism and wesley Armin
68
did Calvinists feel well represented by Beza?
NO = European calv didn't like it
69
what position did Samuel Huber take?
he doesn't like SUPRA- brings up the notion of hypothetical universal application of the sov of God- pushing back on SUPRA hard (God doesn't like everyone & they act like they know WHO)
70
at this point it's still an in-house
debate
71
Debates begin at Cambridge
Lambeth Articles 1595
72
who was Lambeth?
Arch of Cant - wrote in favor of God loving all - defending traditional ref view
73
what do these debates culminate into?
Arminianism and the Synod of Dort
74
did the 5 points of Calvinism come from Dort?
NO - 5 points of Arminianism did- Calvinism came in response to these - 5pts came in response to Dort- TULIP not called that til 20th cent
75
did anyone see this as a new watershed for Calvinism?
NO
76
was Jacob Arminius a Calvinist?
YES - studied under Beza
77
what happened?
after Perkins' book JA writes a response and sits on it for 12 yrs
78
what did Perkins give in his book?
7 reasons for Calvinism
79
what did Arm do?
book Examination of Perkins- challenges the 7**ADDS FALL FROM GRACE idea!
80
Arm was married into influence..
becomes a pide piper against Beza
81
Arm becomes then a ...
professor at Leiden
82
who does he fight with there at Leiden?
Gomarus - faculty fight - b/c he's a Beza Calvinist
83
this fighting led to...
- Arm wife powerful leader in Netherlands- Phillip 2 was Spanish heir - nxt HR empire ldr - trying to kill Prot in Neth - which divides the Netherlands over Cath/Prot
84
the division of the Netherlands is now...
Belgium and the Netherlands
85
how many Norther Provinces?
7 - protestant
86
how many Southern Provinces?
10 - Catholic
87
who led the Northern Prot Provinces?
2 Williams - Orange (political) & Nassau (relig)
88
what happens to Will of O?
assassinated by Jesuits
89
who takes over for Will of O?
Oldenbarnfeldt
90
what happens in 1609?
Netherlands now own country (Belgium South) and Prot fighting over Calv and Arm comes back- Arm followers trying to use the new independence to legitimize Arminian thinking- Arm dies
91
which Arminian wrote that began the Remonstrance?
Oytenbogaert 1610 "the Remonstrance"
92
who was the Arminian political leader?
Oldenbarnfeldt
93
who was the Arminian lawyer involved?
Grotius
94
who was the Arminian scholar?
Episcopius
95
what was the issue behind the theology?
Remonstrants view of the supremacy of civil authorities OVER church matters - this came out in "on the office and authority of a higher Christian government in the church" 1610
96
how many pastors signed the Remonstrance?
44
97
what was Erastianism?
view that civil ruler SHOULD BE head of church and state
98
what was the Arminian theol put forth in the Remonstrance?
Foreknowledge election - prescient viewuniversality of atonement - prevenient graceresistable gracelose salvation
99
who led the Counter Remonstrance?
Gomarists
100
they issued a response point for point
that wind up becoming the 5 pts of Calv
101
what arose out of all this?
political tensions at the top
102
Will of Nassau charges
Oldenbarnfelt unfit for duty b/c Arminian is not bad to him - not heretical - let em stay
103
CITY BY CITY result
sweeping out of Arminians
104
Holland as a city was divided
south Holland 1/3 armNorth Holland 1/4 arm*still remonstrance churches there
105
IN THIS CONTEXT THE SYNOD...
of Dordt is held - foregone conclusion
106
the Synod in 1618 ....
- strongly affirms historic view of Pred- affirms INFRA - don't deal w/ reprobation
107
aftermath 200 rebels sign reaffirm...
then 200 more after a sweep - go around enforcing - the Remonstrance folks go underground- Hugeunots accept it 5yrs later 1623- Geneva accepts it 30yrs later 1647
108
what doctrine did Charles 1 like that showed up in the Remonstrance?
ERASTIANISM
109
What is erastianism
that the state is supreme in church matters
110
Charles 1 and Laud were dorks pushing for
Arminianism to come in and frustrate Puritans
111
Fashionable Arminianism
in Eng some were tired of all the Puritan Calv concentration and were whining about it
112
anti puritan book supported by Ch 1 and Laud
Montagu - A New Gag for an Old Goose - puritans are stealing the church and we need to fight against them - our Ang doc has always been arminian (prob w/ Ang ch is no confessions)
113
George Carlton writes agains the book
precipitates a meeting - York House 1626 - now ambiguous about what Anglican should be - Calv - now unsure - fertile ground for Arm
114
Charles 1 pushed for Arminianism ....
he hires Montagu to be chaplain
115
Three Resolutions - 1629
- Charles sends guy to Parl and tells them new theol is Arm - puritan parl pissed and they tie down guy w/ gavel and make 3 resolutions that say we've always been protestand and calvinist/reformational- never ended the session
116
1643 Eng Parl called on "godly Divines" to meet at Westminster Abbey...
WCF - Larger/Shorter Catechism - 5yrs 121 men
117
Who takes over the Protectorate?
After O Cromwell dies - son Richard takes over 1658
118
he fails so Parl invites ...
Charles 2 to take over
119
puritanism fails politically and then...
James 2 takes over
120
James 2 screws it up for ...
protestants - he converts to Catholicism just prior to taking the throne- marries a Catholic princess: Mary Beatrice
121
what was James 2 and MB's scandal?
- she's childless so they act pregnant and steal a baby - "Changling" - you cant adopt in royal line - treasonous - flees to France ends the Stuart line
122
now family from Orange line takes over..
William and Mary - co-regents 1688
123
this was the "GLORIOUS REVOLUTION" why?
b/c no one dies - 1688
124
shift now to 18th cent
- major shift in Protestant Theol - b/c catechizing and handing down the faith - dry and impersonal - shift from REASON to EMOTIONS or PIETISM
125
who was the FORERUNNER TO PIETISM *on exam
Johann Arndt 1621 - disillusioned w/ own preaching - writes - TRUE CHRISTIANITY 1606 - answer is faith, life, heart, emotions
126
who was the FATHER OF PIETISM *on exam
#NAME?
127
Spenser also starts...*on exam
Collegia Pietatis - group - College of Piety- not just the individual in view so...- INVENTED SMALL GROUP LIFE - PIONEERED SMALL GROUPS for spiritual formation
128
how often did they meet?
9 times a week
129
what were the 5 basics of Pietism?
1. rejection of lutheran focus on mind2. strong support of personal Bible study3. how does this make you feel hermeneutic 4. makes distinction between doctrine and life5. devotional literature - strong reliance on others devotional writings (sounds pretty western evangelical!)
130
who was the ORGANIZER of Pietism?*on exam
Auguste Herman Francke - he's in the small groups in the cities and multiplies it to other cities from Halle to Leipzig
131
Zinzendorf founded...
the Moravian church
132
he left the...
Lutheran church
133
his was a ...
lay movement
134
he's really used by God to take...
the gospel / pietism international
135
his testimony
- son of rich socialite (mom like Kardashian)- gets in revival group in Halle (Franke)- focuses on piety- sells out to Jesus not be a rich drunk- inherits mom's money and estate- now with money and a calling he makes estate (called Hernhut) a cell group for people to come study and meet with God- very internal focused
136
Christian David comes to Hernhut 1722...
he's homeless and poor - and Z sees his rich buddies there with gospel and money etc. - gets convicted about not evangelizing and helping the poor - turn love outward - so opens doors for ALL to come there
137
Z names the group ....
Unitas Fratrum & Moravians
138
the focus is now...
inward piety and OUTWARD missions
139
who goes to Hernut on spiritual pilgrimage?
Wesley who evangelizes the U.S. - so our evangelical roots go to Hernut and Zinzendorf
140
7 Key components of Moravian Theology:
1. Hourly intercession - 100yrs every hr/every day idea2. Missions - every nation3. Mysticism - deeply in step w/ Spirit4. Ecumenical - accepting all5. Quasi-Universalism - globally positive6. Perfectionism - can be fully sanctified7. Salvation by Works/Experience - trust in you trust - experience of assurance or doubt your salvation - achilles heel of pietistic - hyper focus on your experience of conversion
141
Moravians became the...
superstars and others came to train
142
why was it attractive?
a new perspective on experience - doctrine that fuels passion
143
Methodism came from
John Wesley
144
Wesley was 15th out of ...
19 kids
145
Charles Wesley was number
18
146
mom was
Susanna Wesley - raised them in fear of Lord - dad was pastor - mom strong Arminian
147
where did Wesley go to school?
Oxford
148
he was in a prayer group called...
Holy Club - 4 am - self right guys - prob didn't get the gospel then
149
they get called names...
Bible Bigots & Methodists (using a method / regiment to show love for Jesus)
150
goes to be a missionary in...
Georgia 1735
151
storm on the boat with the...
Moravians - who demonstrate faith while he's scared
152
Meets Spangenberg in GA...
questions his motives as a missionary
153
Sophy Hopkey -
girl he falls in love w/ but doubts and casts lots and dumps her - Gen Oglethorpe sends him packing and doubting his own faith
154
back home in London he meets more...
Moravians and goes to Fetter Lane Society 1738 - pietistic group
155
May 24 1738
He feels his heart strangely warmed - conversion
156
Pilgrimages then to ...
Hernhut with moravians for 2 yrs and breaks off from them
157
what was Whitfield's background?
actor
158
he could preach to 10k people w/ no...
microphone!
159
conversion in
1735
160
was with Wesley in the ..
Holy Club at Oxford
161
preached..
outdoors
162
got a license to preach....
revival preaching
163
his message ...
new birth - born again - while he and Wesley were Anglican
164
Who begins METHODIST MOVEMENT?
Whitfield! not Wesley
165
Wesley joins ...
Methodist movement
166
1739 first British invasion
rock star preachers in US
167
they come to an impasse...
theologically
168
Great Awakening
New Englanders - don't like Wesley b/c he's Arm - old Dort debates come to US
169
Wesley fights back in sermon
On Freedom of Grace - "calvin is firstborn of the devil"
170
irony b/c
both Wesley and Whitfield are preaching and doing the same thing
171
Wesley and Whitfield separate in 1741
Wesley takes over Methodists and Whitfield becomes Calv Meth then later Presb Church of Wales - (John Stott later)
172
Wesley edits...
the Arminian Magazine
173
wesley was a gifted..
administrator
174
On slavery...
Wesley stood against slavery and preached against it (as Wilberforce did in UK)- Whitfield did not - actually had slaves
175
how many Great Awakenings are there?
2 - 1st - 18th cent and 2nd 19th
176
First Great Awakening was driven by..
Wesley and Whitfield
177
what was the focus?
change in Amer Christianity - revivalistic
178
what did US Xnity give to the world?
revivalism
179
why was there spiritual apathy?
phatigue in colonies - doing life, making money settling etc. - church life hollowed out
180
the biggest issue with membership
you had to be able to give a solid conversion experience testimony to become a member and many couldn't come up with that so you couldn't join, take communion or be baptized so ....
181
New Eng churches came up with ...`
1/2 way Covenant - you can bap kids if you have a credible confession
182
4 Major Pioneers of revival preaching as Wesley and Whitfield come over...
1. Stoddard - (Mass) Edwards grandfather2. Frelinghuysen - (NJersey) Whitfield credits him w/ awakening3. Tennent - (Penn)4. Edwards - (Mass)
183
Whitfield's preaching lifestyle...
7 preaching tours800 miles in 73 days130 sermons of 30minfirst American Celebrity - (amer also responsible for celebrity Xnity
184
some don't like all these venues...
parishioners felt these guys were burning their people out and replacing local church
185
NORTH VS SOUTH
Calvin was North - so did WHITFIELDWesley not allowed up there so Arm was in the South
186
3 Myths of New Eng Puritanism
1. Amer was founded ENTIRELY for religious reasons - dollars drove the founding of US2. Amer Puritans were all SEPARATISTS - they were looking for a better life all around - prosperity included - not just b/c drove out for faith exclusively3. Amer Puritans were the last devoutly religious community in America - clergy complained of their complacency
187
Financial background...
1. James 1 trading companies founded2. Virginia & London Stock Companies - pelts, trade etc.3. 1606 Royal Charter - Jas 1 - go find people willing to go to the new world to have freedom and make us rich!
188
Pilgrims...
- prot calv- incentivized to go - patent from London Co 1620- Mayflower - left under cheers not war torn(Eng civil war does happen and puritans are persecuted)
189
Theol Background
- eng civil war- arminianism comes in through Char 1- Montagu's New Gagg- Ch 1 marries Henrietta Maria - Cath- Fear, fear, fear- civil war starts and leave b/c Char 1 and fighting
190
who wants to leave and find the new world?
John Winthrop - gets 700 puritans and drafts new world on ship walls inside - city on hills
191
20,000 people come from 1629-43
for land and money and new start
