Church History Final pt. 2 Flashcards
(108 cards)
1
Q
Jakob Boehme
A
Argues heaven and hell are commentaries on how we exist in this life.
advocated universal restoration
2
Q
What is the Lausanne Movement?
A
Held by Billy Graham. A desire to learn how to spread the gospel.How to get the gospel to the hardest places.
2
Q
Philipp Jakob Spener
A
Considered the father of the pietist movement.
Wrote “Pia Desideria”
3
Q
Pia Desideria
A
Outlined 6 proposals believed to bring the Lutheran movement to reform.
Is the blueprint for Methodism
3
Q
Who drafted the Lausanne movement?
A
John Stott
4
Q
What was John Stott’s contribution to the Lausanne movement?
A
Provided the view that missions included evangelism and justice. Must do both, but the priority is evangelism
4
Q
Characteristics of early pietism
A
Pragmatic Godliness Bible Centered Egalitarian Lay evangelism and discipleship
5
Q
August Hermann Franke
A
emphasized “churches within the church” (small groups)
Founded an orphan house, hospital, printing press
First ever hospital in history to develop standardized medicines to certain illnesses, the beginning of modern pharmacology.
5
Q
Who coined the phrase “unreached people group”?
A
Ralph Winter
6
Q
In ecumenism, what was the difference between missions vs. mission?
A
Missions - bad in their opinion, to convert peopleMission - divorced from conversion; god glorified himself through a better life
6
Q
The Silesian Revival started…
A
By children’s camp meetings, soon spread all over Silesia
7
Q
What is the social gospel?
A
Focused more on improving life here and now on earth.
7
Q
Johann Adam Steinmetz
A
Everywhere he preached, revival broke out.
Beginning in Silesia
8
Q
What are the three waves of the continuationist movement?
A
First wave = PentacostalismSecond wave = Charismatics Third wave = neo-charismatics
8
Q
Transatlantic Awakenings
A
Series of revivals occurring along the British Isles and North America
9
Q
Count Nikolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf
A
Had an estate called Herrehut
Advocated religious toleration and opposed denominations
9
Q
What is word-faith gospel?
A
Essentially the prosperity gospel
10
Q
What do pentacostals believe?
A
Speaking in tongues is proof of the dwelling of the Holy Spirit. All christians should practice speaking in tongues.
10
Q
Christomonism
A
Female ordination
Poor mans unitaranism
11
Q
Herrenhut
A
Where the Moravians settled and denomination begins
11
Q
Who spoke in tongues, thus sparking a wave of speaking in tongues?
A
Agnes Ozment at Bethel Bible College
12
Q
What happened racially with the coming of pentacostalism?
A
For the first time in 15 years, whites and blacks freely worshiped side by side
12
Q
Moravians
A
Who are the first to create 1st intentional, permanent, non-colonial, global missionary movement among Protestants
13
Q
What is l’abri?
A
Equip christians to engage in the secular culture. Begun by Francis Shaeffer as a shelter for travelers to discuss philosophical and religious beliefs.
13
Bethlehem, PA is the first ____________ establishment in America, created by Zinsendorf.
Moravians
14
Characteristics of Modern Evangelism
Critique on what dead orthodoxy can do to the church.
Inspired widespread revivals.
Launched modern missionary movement.
14
What is the New Religious right?
The most visible movement. Coalition which included mostly of evangelicals and fundamentals.
15
What is black liberation theology?
A theological perspective which contextualized christianity in an attempt to help African americans overcome opression
15
Characteristics of classical theological liberalism
Pietism overreacted to dad theology but downplaying the importance of doctrine.
Overemphasize spiritual experience.
Rejected any sort of written confessions of faith.
16
New England Colonies
Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, Connecticut, Massachusetts and New Hampshire, Rhode Island
16
To what does the separated brethren refer?
A term coined by the catholic church, which claimed that members outside of the catholic tradition as "separated brethren" Which before, they were considered heretics.
17
Roger Williams
Created providence plantation and Rhode Island.
| Established first to Baptist churches in Rhode Island.
17
What is the Scopes Trial?
A low point for fundamentalism. Teaching evolution banned
18
New Hampshire confession of faith
Stratton attempted Northern Baptists to adhere to this, but it didn't prevail because Northern Baptists wanted the New Testament to be the only confession of faith and practice.
18
Where were the first two Baptist churches started?
Rhode Island
19
What are the middle colonies?
Maryland, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania
19
Who wrote Christianity in Liberalism? and what was it
J. Gresham Machen. It outlined fundamentalist presbyterianism.
20
Maryland act of Toleration - 1649
Puritans take over and outlaw Catholicism
20
What was the ecumenical movement?
Came from the Roman Catholic's attempt to reconcile with the protestant church.
21
_____________ is the largest area in the new world where religious liberty is allowed.
Pennsylvania
21
Edinburgh Missionary Conference
John R. Mott - Led organization called the Student Volunteer Movement. intended to put a focus on denominational unity. Led to the formation of the World Counsel of ChurchesEmphasis on unity and purpose rather than unity and doctrine.
22
Walter Rauschenbush
The Social GospelServed in Hell's KitchenOpened his eyes to economic plight in the cityHeld to evangelical understanding of conversionHighlighted ethical implications behind the gospel rather than doctrine itself
22
What are the southern colonies?
Florida, Virginia, Carolina, Georgia
23
Georgia was originally ________ colony
penal
23
Modernism
Religion common to humanity• Christian superiority vs. Christian exclusivityImmanence over transcendence Optimistic Neo-Pelagianism Optimistic eschatology (postmillennialism)Neo-Arian view of JesusHistorical-critical hermeneutics and Darwinism
24
South is the most unchurched part of North America during the colonial period, true or false.
True, it remained that way until the second great awakening
24
What is fundamentalism?
originally referred to evangelical protestants who were conservative dissenters against progressive theological and social trends in the church and the broader culture during the first half of the twentieth century
25
What was The Fundamentals?
A series of printed pamphlets that argued for conservative protestant orthodoxy, biblical inerrancy, deity of Christ
25
What is covenant theology and "City on a hill?"
No longer so cariology and ecclesiology but more political theology.
Whenever you are converted you begin to live international covenant.
New England is the new Israel.
26
Under the new covenant nativeborn people are seen to be far less religious and the believers are more concerned about commerce and spirituality.
True
26
What was the Cambridge Seven?
Seven students from Cambridge university who decided to become missionaries to china. They were prominent students who gave up their wealth to become missionaries. Their commitment spurred thousands of others to become missionaries
27
What is half-way covenant?
Intended to stem the rising tide of unbelief non-Christian parents can have children baptized if parents agreed to:
Mentally affirm the churches doctrine AND
Place themselves under discipline of the church
27
What is the Student Volunteer Movement?
college mission initiative"The Evangelization of the world in this generation."Attempt to mobilize collegians to reach the nations with the gospelBecame popular b/c the Cambridge Seven
28
Edinburgh Missionary conference
Culmination of SVNCalled for interdenominational support and work for translating Biblesput differences aside to share the gospel together and translate the bibleGives birth to many more parachurch ministriesOnly protestants participatedAlso helps to launch the modern ecumenical council
28
Who allowed non-christians to participate in the Lord's supper? Thought it was a way to help convert lost members
Solomon Stoddard
29
Who became the successor of Stoddard's Northampton church?
Jonathan Edwards
29
What are parachurch ministries and what are some examples?
Interdenominational ministries • with a narrow focus• China inland Mission & Africa Inland Mission• Wheaton College, Gordon College, Moody Bible Institute, Bible Institute of LosAngeles• YMCA, YWCA, urban rescue missions• Holiness conferences, prophecy conferences, and Sunday school conferences
30
Edwards saw a great revival at Northampton and published a story about the revival called
A faithful narrative of the surprising work of God
30
Holiness Movements
Camp movements that promoted entire sanctification. it included ongoing fillings of the spirit. Temporary victory over sin. Heightened evangelism empowerment.
31
Edwards was a prolific theologian writing on topics of
Doctrine of the Trinity.
Doctrine of free will.
Justification by faith alone.
Eschatology - post-millennial view, fuels the mission movement globally.
31
Plymouth Brethren
Persuades evangelical American believers to become dispensationalists
32
The Secret Rapture
God will secretly remove from the earth the mostly Gentile church in order to fulfill prophecies among ethnic Israel
32
Gilbert Tennent in 1726
Log College.
| Training students to be pro-revival Calvinists, It is the forerunner Princeton University.
33
Gilbert Tennent
The danger of an Unconverted ministry.
33
C.I. Scofield
Promoting Dispensationalism. Rightly Dividing the word of Truth and Scofield Reference Bible.
34
George Whitfield
Itinerant preacher. Preached in the fields. Started first orphanage in Savannah Georgia. Becomes famous for preaching in the fields and has a booming voice.
34
Biblical Inerrancy
the bible, in its original autographs, is free of any biographical errors.◦ It always speaks truthfully.◦ Not exhaustively, but truthfully to anything that it touches - such as science or biology
35
Old Lights
Anti-revival
36
New Lights
Pro-revival
37
Three broad camps formed in response to the revivals
Anti-revivalists, Middleview (the majority), the radical evangelicals
38
As a general rule, the New Lights were radicals
True
39
Where is the mother hub of the Baptist stage formed?
Sandy Creek Baptist Church, Liberty, NC
40
What does Jonathan Edwards mean by moral ability?
All people are morally unable to believe the Gospel because they are captured by sin.
41
What does Jonathan Edwards mean by natural ability?
All people are naturally able to believe the Gospel, it is a free will decision.
42
Joseph Bellamy and Samuel Hopkins pioneer new divinity by
Arguing all sinner and believers have an inclination towards San but we do not become centers until we choose to sin, the only send that matters is actual sand; we are not responsible for Adam sin.
43
What is disinterest benevolence?
When we do something solely for God or rather we do it for the attention and glory of man.
44
What is New Haven Theology?
It agrees with new divinity theology.
Argues election is based on God's fore knowledge.
Advocated libertarian free will, the freest understanding of free will that is Orthodox.
45
Scottish common sense realism?
Argues that all people have the innate ability to understand the world around them as it really is, through the ordinary use of our rational faculties.
I chose God, I chose Christianity
46
New Haven theology leaders
Nathaniel William Taylor and Lyman Beecher
47
Congregationalist establish the first denominational foreign mission society in America and send out the first foreign missionaries, true or false.
True
48
What are the three biggest societies?
American bible union, (American Bible Society)
American Tract Union
American Sunday School Union
49
What led methodist expansion west of Appalachian mountains?
Circuit riders
50
What is unique to Barton Stone and Cane ridge camp meetings in 1801?
Interdenominational
Lowest estimates 10,000 highest 25,000
Consider to be "America's Pentecost" because of all the unusual spiritual phenomena.
51
Between 1730 and 1830, the south became the most churched part of the nation, true or false?
True, this is the beginnings of the Bible belt.
52
Why did the Methodist grow in success?
The success of their circuit riders.
Because of their heavy emphasis on discipleship and personal piety.
Because Arminianism seems to have been more appealing to frontier inhabitants than Calvinism.
53
Characteristics of the Baptists on the frontier
Preached personal conversion as strongly as the Methodist.
| Provided the strongest denominational structure.
54
Disciples of Christs are a more liberal crowd than Universalist preachers, true or false
True
55
Charles Finney was...
A lawyer in Adams, New York.
An enormous itinerant preaching success among pro revivalist.
Advocate of social justice and temperance.
56
What is temperance?
Abstaining from hard liquors and using only a little other alcohols.
57
Charles Finney popularized
```
The anxious bench.
Protracted meetings (revival meetings) urban adaptation
Advertisement of meetings.
Public Testimonies.
Women testifying and praying publicly.
```
58
DL Moody emerged as arguably the leading figure among American evangelicals during the last half of the 19th century, true or false.
True
59
Key leaders of the Keswick, Holiness Movement
DL Moody, RA Torrey, AB Simpson
60
What are two types of Spirit fillings associated with the holiness movement?
Temporary victory over sin
| Heightened evangelism empowerment and missions
61
What are the two evangelism and social activist applications associated with holiness camp meetings?
Temperance
| Women's suffrage
62
What is dispensationalism?
God works in distinctly different ways
Ethnic Israel will rule with Christ
Secret rapture
63
Who pioneered dispensationalism?
John Nelson Darby
64
Premillennialism and foreign missions emphasized the imminent nature of Christ's next move, causes great incentive, true or false.
True
65
Define Biblical inerrency
The Bible in its original autographs is free of any errors, always speaking truthfully even when speaking to matters of science and history, any perceived errors come from textual corruptions overtime or misunderstandings.
66
What are parachurch ministries?
Interdenominational ministries with a narrow focus.
67
Faith missions are funded by missionaries raising their own funds and trusting God to provide for them financially, true or false.
True, George Müller and Hudson Taylor
68
Who are the Cambridge Seven?
Seven college students, giving up prominent futures to go to China as missionaries.
101
Pietism
legacy of Pietism is mixed leading to both spiritual renewal & theological declension
The Pietist movement inspired both modern evangelicalism & classical theological liberalism
No other movement has influenced us better and worse than Pietism
Positive influences:
Dead on critique of what dead orthodoxy can do to the church
Inspired widespread revivals
Launched modern missions movement
Negative influences:
Pietism in ways overreacted to dead theology by downplaying importance of doctrine
Overemphasized spiritual experience
Rejected any sort of written confessions of faith
Gives birth to modern liberalism
102
Theodore Frelinghuysen
Dutch Reformed minister
influenced by Pietism
Comes to New York and New Jersey with plans to become an itinerant evangelist
1720's and 30's - preached around both colonies w/ one message "YOU MUST BE BORN AGAIN"
Wins hundreds of converts to faith in Christ
Irritated dutch reformed pastors in the area
He overemphasized a conversion experience
103
Controversy between Frelinghuysen and Tennent
.
104
Faith missions
Raising own funds and trusting God to provide for financial needs
105
Know the scopes trial was the low point for fundamentalism <--- controversy
John scopes - backed by legality to teach evolution
Darrow - hired as scopes defense attorney
City throws carnival
Scopes convicted of breaking anti- evolution law
PR standpoint, fundamentalists lost
Anti-evolution laws are struck down state by
106
The southern strategy
.
107
Cessation ism
Believed that tongues ceased at end of apostolic era
