Churchill’s view of events 1929-1940 Flashcards
Churchill’s views on - Empire and India, Abdication Crisis, Why he was out of office, Clashes with his party, Views on Appeasement and Rearmament, attitude towards Germany after 1933, Why Churchill became PM (22 cards)
How was India described in Britain at the time?
As the “jewel in the crown” and must be protected at all costs.
What did Churchill believe about Indian self-rule?
That they were not strong enough to govern themselves
How did Churchill describe the British compared to Indians?
He believed the Anglo-Saxons were racially superior and destined to rule over ‘lesser people’
What was Churchill’s view on the British Empire’s role in India?
He believed British rule ended barbaric practices and brought economic and social progress to India
Churchill was known to be …
Extremely right wing and imperial
What organisation did Churchill support?
The Indian Empire Society which was a racist organisation promoting the cause of the Empire in India
Who led the rise of Indian nationalism?
Mahatma Gandhi
What did Gandhi develop?
Non-violent protesting called “satyagraha”
What did the rise of Indian nationalism and protesting lead to?
The February 1919 Rowlatt Acts
What did the Rowlatt Acts mean?
Increased police powers by allowing imprisonment without trial
Why were the Rowlatt Acts significant for Indian activists?
It meant that Indian activists could be silenced via arrests
What did the Rowlatt Acts lead to?
Indian nationalists + Gandhi were protesting against the acts which led to unrest
What major event occured as a result of protests against the Acts?
The Amritsar Massacre in April 1919 as troops fired on a protesting crowd at Amritsar
What were the casualties in the Amritsar Massacre?
400 died, 1200 wounded
How did Churchill react to the Amritsar Massacre and General Dyer?
He strongly disapproved of both of the massacre and Dyer’s actions
What reforms followed the Amritsar Massacre?
The Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms in July 1919 which introduced self governing gradually in India
What protest took place in 1930?
Gandhi led the protest on salt tax by marching to the sea and gathering natural sea salt
What happened after the salt march?
Gandhi + many others were arrested; Gandhi was released in 1931 to attend the Round Table Conferences
What were the Round Table Conferences?
Meetings between British leaders and Indian nationalists to discuss political reform and negotiate. However = unsuccessful
What did Britain announce in 1933 regarding India’s future?
Britain introduced intentions of allowing a greater self government (Much to Churchill’s chagrin)
How did
