Cinema Arts I

Question 1

Exposure

Answer 1

The amount of light hitting the sensor or film

Question 2

3 factors that affect exposure

Answer 2

Intensity, time and sensitivity

Question 3

Aperture

Answer 3

Hole created by the iris opening and closing

Question 4

What does the aperture control

Answer 4

Light intensity

Question 5

A larger aperture means

Answer 5

More light

Question 6

A smaller aperture means

Answer 6

Less light

Question 7

F-Stop

Answer 7

The size of the aperture. The smaller the f stop the larger the aperture (hole).

Question 8

Depth of field

Answer 8

Range of focus in an image

Question 9

How does f stop and DoF correlate

Answer 9

Large f stop (small hole) = deep DoF; small f stop (large hole) = shallow DoF

Question 10

Shutter speed

Answer 10

The amount of time the image is exposed to the sensor. Measured in fractions of a second.

Question 11

How does shutter speed affect blur

Answer 11

The slower the shutter speed (under 50th of a second), the more blur. Fast shutter = freeze frame

Question 12

ISO

Answer 12

Sensor sensitivity. Controlled by chemical make up of film. Larger ISO = faster film. Gain. High ISO more noise.

Question 13

Signal to noise ratio

Answer 13

Greater noise to image ration means can be recorded in low light

Question 14

Lens Focal Length

Answer 14

Smaller focal no., wider lens. Wide lens = more distortion. Larger = telephoto. Longer lens reduce DoF

Question 15

Wide lens focal length is considered

Answer 15

35mm or under

Question 16

Normal lens focal length is considered

Answer 16

50mm

Question 17

Telephoto or long focal length is considered

Answer 17

85mm and higher

Question 18

Why is composition important

Answer 18

Reinforces or adds to story, meaning, mood/feeling, directs viewers eyes

Question 19

What are the types of composition

Answer 19

Rule of thirds, golden triangle, Dutch angle, static or dynamic

Question 20

Rule of Thirds

Answer 20

Composition can be divided and organized into thirds. Diving image equally horizontal and vertical. Placement within these sequences create tension energy and interest. Important details at the junction of intersecting lines signifies elements.

Question 21

Static composition

Answer 21

Horizontal and vertical lines, may be symmetrical

Question 22

Dynamic composition

Answer 22

Greater diagonal lines, may be asymmetrical

Question 23

Golden Triangle

Answer 23

Split image diagonally, works well with line elements in frame

Question 24

Dutch angle

Answer 24

Tilted image

Question 25

Symmetry

Answer 25

Harmonious, divided into equal mirrored parts, formal. Awkward, powerful, focused or imposing.

Question 26

Asymmetry

Answer 26

Dynamic, unbalanced or active. Can not be divided into two equal parts. Emotionally active, chaotic, increase spatial depth, balanced through other elements.

Question 27

Value

Answer 27

Form

Question 28

Color

Answer 28

Metaphor

Question 29

Color and value shared attributes

Answer 29

Emotion, tension, mood, emphasis, direction, depth

Question 30

Parts of a camera

Answer 30

Exposure (light), Sensor, lens

Question 31

CODEC

Answer 31

Compressor (co) decompressor (dec), compresses large amounts of data

Question 32

What does the CODEC affect

Answer 32

Resolution (quality) storage space, color information (space), frame rate, image size

Question 33

Frame rate

Answer 33

How many frames in a second, film 24fps. TV 29.97 FPS.

Question 34

Sound

Answer 34

mhz or bits. Typically 48mhz or 16 bits. Smaller no. = lower quality

Question 35

Aspect ratio

Answer 35

Ratio of an images width to height. Width:height. 16:9, 4:3

Question 36

Resolution

Answer 36

Number of pixels; 720 x 480 SD standard definition, 1280 x 720 HD, 1920 x 1080 HD, 3840 x 2100 ultra HD and 4K, 4096 x 2160 real 4K

Question 37

Cinemascope

Answer 37

Makes standard size films wide

Question 38

Progressive

Answer 38

One frame after the other

Question 39

Interlaced

Answer 39

Rows of pixels going across screen, made up of 2 fields

Question 40

I-frame

Answer 40

Full sequence, capturing image every frame, larger file size

Question 41

Group of Pictures

Answer 41

Doesn’t capture every frame, phantom frames, designed for playback ex Netflix, YouTube

Question 42

Lossy compression

Answer 42

Reduces file size by throwing away data, permanent, .jpeg, H.264

Question 43

Lossless compression

Answer 43

Does not throw away data, gentler, bigger file size, ProRes 422

Question 44

Transcoding

Answer 44

Conversion of encoded data to another

Question 45

RAW file

Answer 45

Retains more info, greater manipulation in post pro, 4:4:4

Question 46

Sensor

Answer 46

Most sensors are CMOS

Question 47

CMOS

Answer 47

Complimentary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor, technology used to make integrated circuits i.e., chips/microchips

Question 48

CCD

Answer 48

Charge Coupled Device, image sensor

Question 49

Global Shutter

Answer 49

Captures entire image in one instant

Question 50

Rolling Shutter

Answer 50

Captures image line by line vs in one instant

Question 51

Time code

Answer 51

00:00:00:00 hour minute second frame