Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy & Physiology 12 > Circulation > Flashcards

Circulation Flashcards

(45 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

The function of the Right Atrioventricular Valve

A

prevents backflow of D.B. from Right Ventricle to Right Atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The function of the Left Atrioventricular Valve

A

prevents backflow of O.B. from Left Ventricle to Left Atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The function of the Pulmonary Semilunar Valve

A

prevents backflow of D.B. from Pulmonary Arteries to Right Ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The function of the Aortic Semilunar Valve

A

prevents backflows of O.B. from Aorta to Left Ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The function of the Right Ventricle

A

receives D.B. from Right Atrium & pumps it to both lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The function of the Left Ventricle

A

receives O.B. from Left Atrium & pumps it to the upper & lower body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The function of the Right Atrium

A

receives D.B. from the upper & lower body & pumps it to Right Ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The function of the Left Atrium

A

receives O.B. from both lungs and pumps it to Left Ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The function of the Aorta

A

carries O.B. from Left Ventricle to the whole body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The function of the Pulmonary Arteries

A

carries D.B. from Right Ventricle to the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The function of the Pulmonary Veins

A

carries O.B. from both lungs to Left Atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The function of the Superior Vena Cava

A

carries D.B. from the upper body to Right Atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The function of the Inferior Vena Cava

A

carries D.B. from the lower body to Right Atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The function of the Septum

A

a wall between the Left & Right sides that prevent the mixing of blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why is the heart a double pump?

A
  • right side pumps blood to/from the lungs (pulmonary circuit)
  • left side pumps blood to/from the whole body (systemic circuit)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is systole?

A

when heart muscles contract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is diastole?

A

when heart muscles relax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the cardiac cycle?

A

-a single heartbeat lasting about 0.85s (70 BPM)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What’re the 3 phases of a cardiac cycle?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • 1st phase: atrial systole (0.15s)
  • 2nd phase: ventricle systole (0.30s)
  • 3rd phase: diastole (0.40s)
20
Q

How to electronically control the heart?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • SA Node initiates heartbeat & sends out an impulse every 0.85s.
  • when impulse reaches AV Node, it’s sent through AV Bundle to bottom of ventricles to Purkinje Fibers
21
Q

What are the Purkinje Fibers?

Study These Flashcards
A

cause ventricles to contract bottom up, pushing blood to the body/lungs

22
Q

What’s a pacemaker?

Study These Flashcards
A

used to keep the heart rate regular (SA Node)

23
Q

What’s normal blood pressure?

Study These Flashcards
A

less than 120/80mmHg

24
Q

What’re capillaries?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • purple (transitioning from ox. to deox. except pulmonary)
  • connect arteries & veins
  • 1 cell thick (transport nutrients/waste)
  • blood flows through capillaries by capillary action being drawn from venule end
  • pre-capillary sphincters contract/relax to divert blood to/from organs
  • low pressure, low volume
25
What're arteries?
- red (ox. blood except pulmonary) - take blood away from heart - thick muscular wall (expand/contract w/ each heartbeat) - blood pumped through arteries by ventricles (highest pressure near heart) - no valves since time between heartbeats doesn't allow backflow - high pressure, high volume
26
What're veins?
- blue (deox. blood except pulmonary) - take blood toward heart - thin muscular wall (doesn't expand w/ heartbeats) - blood squeezed by contraction of skeletal muscles - have valves to prevent backflow when muscles relax - low pressure, high volume
27
When blood's removed & clotting is prevented, it separates into which 2 layers?
- plasma (55% of blood) - 90% water, 10% other stuff -formed elements (45% of blood)
28
What're the 3 formed elements?
- erythrocytes - leukocytes - thrombocytes
29
What're erythrocytes?
- RBC's - 4 mil. to 6 mil./mm3 - contain hemoglobin (carries oxygen) - red - small, circular, concave - made in bone marrow - increase production using hormone erthropoictin
30
What're leukocytes?
- WBC's - translucent - ameboid shape allows movement - 5k-11k/mm3 - more if infected - made in bone marrow & some stored in lymph nodes - make antibodies that stick to specific proteins on an antigen
31
What're thrombocytes?
- platelets - 150k-300k/mm3 - cell fragments containing enzymes used in blood clotting (scab formation)
32
What's hemoglobin?
a protein that carries oxygen
33
4 steps of blood clotting (scab formation)
when blood vessel is ruptured: 1. if small enough, platelets will try to form platelet plug 2. if plug unsuccessful, platelets burst releasing 1st enzyme prothrombin activator -converts inactive plasma protein prothrombin to activate 2nd enzyme thrombin 3. thrombin converts 2nd plasma protein, fibrinogen, into fibrin threads that have sticky ends -these threads stick together to form a web across damaged vessel 4. formed elements get stuck in web & form scab - scab contracts & cell divides to fill gaps in wound
34
Blood Type A
antigen: A-antigen antibodies: Anti-B donors: A + O
35
Blood Type B
antigen: B-antigen antibodies: Anti-A donors: B + O
36
Blood Type AB (universal receiver)
antigen: A & B-antigens antibodies: None donors: AB + O + A + B
37
Blood Type O (universal donor)
antigen: None antibodies: Anti-A & B donors: O
38
What is Tissue Fluid Capillary Exchange?
- on atrial end where BP>OP, plasma (water) leaves capillary to make BP=OP - in middle, nutrients and wastes are exchanged by diffusion - on venule end, BP
39
What is placenta?
2 sets of capillaries that connect the mom & fetus
40
What is the umbilical vein?
- carries oxygen & nutrient-rich blood to fetus | - venous duct (belly button) enters the liver & blood enters fetus's circulation
41
What are the umbilical arteries?
branch off of iliac arteries & carry deox./waste-filled blood back to placenta
42
What is the oval opening?
- between left & right atria | - 50% of blood passes through here
43
What is the arterial duct?
- joins pulmonary artery to aorta | - 25% pf blood passes through here
44
What're the 2 bypasses to divert blood from fetus's lungs?
- oval opening and arterial duct | - 25% of blood goes to lungs to support growth
45
What do the letters on EKG represent?
P- SA Node Impulse QRS- AV Node->Purkinje Fibre Impulse T- Diastole

Anatomy & Physiology 12 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions