Circulation ( Year 10 )

Question 1

What is the blood flowing through the right hand side of the heart and going to the lungs called

Answer 1

Pulmonary circulation

Question 2

What is the blood flowing through the left side of the heart and going through the rest of the body called?

Answer 2

Systemic circulation

Question 3

Which blood vessel carries food to the liver for storage

Answer 3

Hepatic Potal vein

Question 4

Which blood vessel carries blood rich in oxygen away from the lungs

Answer 4

Pulmonary vein

Question 5

Which blood vessel carries blood back to the heart

Answer 5

Vena cova

Question 6

Which blood vessel carries blood to the lungs

Answer 6

Pulmonary artery

Question 7

Which blood vessel carries blood rich in oxygen away from the heart

Answer 7

Aorta

Question 8

Which blood vessel carries blood to the kidneys

Answer 8

Renal arteries

Question 9

What does the heart do?

Answer 9

Pumps blood to the lungs to pick up oxygen and around the body to every cell

Question 10

What keeps the blood flowing in one direction through the heart?

Answer 10

Valves open one way to stop the blood going the wrong way to prevent backflows

Question 11

Why are the walls of the ventricles thicker than the atri?

Answer 11

They need to pump blood all around the body, because the ventricle required more energy than the atri and the atri contracts and squeezes blood into the ventricles

Question 12

Why is the wall of the left ventricle thicker than the wall on the right ventricle

Answer 12

The left side pumps blood around the body at a greater force, the right side only pumps blood to lungs

Question 13

What happens to your heart when you get excited or exercise?

Answer 13

Heart rate increases

Your muscles need more energy

Question 14

What is the function of a red blood cell

Answer 14

Contains hemoglobin, carry’s oxygen from lungs

Question 15

What is the function of a white blood cell

Answer 15

Protects the human body from infection as well as other foreign materials

Question 16

What is the function of platelets

Answer 16

Repair small blood vessels and prevent dangerous amounts of blood from leaking out

Question 17

Other that these 3 types of cell, what makes up the blood?

Answer 17

Plasma

Question 18

What is plasma

Answer 18

The liquid portion of the blood

Question 19

What are capillaries

Answer 19

Narrow blood tubes

Question 20

What are red blood cells

Answer 20

Contain shaemoglobin

Question 21

What are white blood cells

Answer 21

Flight against disease occurring

Question 22

What are antibodies

Answer 22

Can be produced by a certain type of blood cell

Question 23

What are platelets

Answer 23

Help the blood to clot and so prevents invaders

Question 24

What is the heart

Answer 24

The body’s blood pump

Question 25

Explain the features of veins

Answer 25

Valves keep blood moving in one direction. The thin muscle layer is so blood does not flow in pluses and so the vein walls cannot help pump blood

Question 26

Explain the features of capillaries

Answer 26

They bring nutrients and oxygen to tissues and remove waste products

Question 27

Explain the features of arteries

Answer 27

Help the withstand and absorb the pressure waves which begin in the heart and are transmitted by the blood

Question 28

What are the upper chambers of the heart called?

Answer 28

The atrium

Question 29

What are the lower chambers of the heart called?

Answer 29

The ventricle

Question 30

What is it called when blood is pumped back to the right side of the heart

Answer 30

Pulmonary circulation

Question 31

What is it called when the left hand side of the heart pumps blood to the rest of the body

Answer 31

Systemic circulation

Question 32

Explain why the left side of the heart has a thicker muscle than the right side

Answer 32

The left side of the heart is thicker due to the higher forces needed to pump blood through the systemic circuit

Question 33

How can exercise reduce stress?

Answer 33

Increases sense of well-being Stimulates release of brain chemicals similar to morphine

Question 34

What effect does exercise sometimes have on blood pressure, and why is it important

Answer 34

Exercise prevents high blood pressure. People with lower blood pressure have less risk of having a heart attack

Question 35

What effect does exercise have on coronary arteries, and why is it important?

Answer 35

They become wider and the build-up of fatty deposits is less likely. It reduces the risk of heart disease. Gentle exercise may also help the growth of new blood vessels after a heart attack

Question 36

List things that can lead to heart disease

Answer 36

Eating lots of fatty foods Smoking Cigarettes Little or no exercise Stressful lifestyle

Question 37

How can you avoid heart disease

Answer 37

Cut down on fried foods Eat less red meat Eat less dairy foods Eat more poultry and fish Eat more fruit and vegetables Don’t smoke Relax

Question 38

What is the pulmonary circuit

Answer 38

Heat->lungs->heart

Question 39

What is the systemic circuit

Answer 39

Heart->body->heart

Question 40

What are arteries

Answer 40

Carry blood away from the heart | Thick muscular walls to withstand high pressure as blood is pumped through

Question 41

What are veins

Answer 41

Carry blood back to heart | Don’t have valves to help keep the blood flowing in one direction back to heart

Question 42

What are capillaries

Answer 42

Allow substances to exchange at body cells | Capillaries have very thin walls to allow these substances to leak through

Question 43

What are red blood cells

Answer 43

Very small no nucleus Biconcave in shape, large surface area Contains Haemoglobin which picks up oxygen Oxygen + haemoglobin= bright red Oxygen realeased to the tissue= purple/red

Question 44

What are white blood cells

Answer 44

Slightly larger than red blood cells Concerned with protecting body Detect bacteria and destroy them before they can harm body Phagocytosis is when they engulf bacteria to destroy them Produce antibodies with protect us from infection

Question 45

What are platelets

Answer 45

``` Tiny cell fragments Carried around blood doing nothing Platelets halo to form fibres at the cut ( a clot ) This stops dirt from getting in Clot hardens to a scab ```