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Human Physiology > Circulatory Exam > Flashcards

Circulatory Exam Flashcards

(88 cards)

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1
Q

What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?

A

To transport nutrients, gases, hormones, and waste products throughout the body.

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2
Q

True or False: The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body.

A

True

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3
Q

What are the two main components of the cardiovascular system?

A

The heart and blood vessels.

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ carries deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart.

A

vena cava

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5
Q

What type of blood vessel carries blood away from the heart?

A

Arteries

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6
Q

What is the function of capillaries?

A

To facilitate the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste between blood and tissues.

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7
Q

True or False: Veins have thicker walls than arteries.

A

False

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8
Q

What is the term for the heart’s natural pacemaker?

A

Sinoatrial (SA) node

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9
Q

What is the average resting heart rate for adults?

A

60 to 100 beats per minute.

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10
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ circulatory system is responsible for transporting blood between the heart and lungs.

A

pulmonary

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11
Q

What does the term ‘blood pressure’ refer to?

A

The force of blood against the walls of the blood vessels.

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12
Q

What is systolic blood pressure?

A

The pressure in the arteries when the heart beats.

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13
Q

What is diastolic blood pressure?

A

The pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats.

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14
Q

What are the two main types of circulation in the cardiovascular system?

A

Systemic circulation and pulmonary circulation.

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15
Q

True or False: The aorta is the largest artery in the body.

A

True

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16
Q

What is the role of red blood cells?

A

To transport oxygen from the lungs to the body and carbon dioxide from the body back to the lungs.

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17
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the part of the heart that receives deoxygenated blood from the body.

A

right atrium

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18
Q

What is the primary function of the valves in the heart?

A

To prevent the backflow of blood.

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19
Q

What is atherosclerosis?

A

A condition characterized by the buildup of plaque in the arterial walls.

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20
Q

True or False: The cardiovascular system is only responsible for transporting blood.

A

False

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21
Q

What is the significance of the coronary arteries?

A

They supply blood to the heart muscle itself.

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22
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the chamber of the heart that pumps oxygenated blood to the body.

A

left ventricle

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23
Q

What is the term for the contraction phase of the heart cycle?

A

Systole

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24
Q

What is the term for the relaxation phase of the heart cycle?

A

Diastole

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25
What is cardiac output?
The volume of blood the heart pumps per minute.
26
Fill in the blank: The _____ system helps regulate blood pressure and blood flow.
nervous
27
What role do platelets play in the cardiovascular system?
They are involved in blood clotting.
28
True or False: The pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood to the heart.
True
29
What is the primary gas exchanged in the lungs during respiration?
Oxygen
30
Fill in the blank: Blood is composed of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and _____ .
platelets
31
What is the function of the lymphatic system?
To return excess interstitial fluid to the bloodstream and aid in immune function.
32
True or False: The left atrium receives blood from the lungs.
True
33
What is hypertension?
A condition characterized by abnormally high blood pressure.
34
Fill in the blank: The _____ node is responsible for transmitting electrical impulses throughout the heart.
atrioventricular (AV)
35
What is the role of the pericardium?
To protect and lubricate the heart.
36
What is the main function of white blood cells?
To defend the body against infection.
37
Fill in the blank: The _____ are small blood vessels that connect arteries and veins.
capillaries
38
What is the role of the vena cavae?
To return deoxygenated blood from the body to the right atrium of the heart.
39
True or False: Arteries always carry oxygenated blood.
False
40
What is the function of the interventricular septum?
To separate the left and right ventricles of the heart.
41
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the outer layer of the heart.
epicardium
42
What is the significance of the baroreceptors?
They help monitor and regulate blood pressure.
43
What is the role of the atrioventricular valves?
To prevent backflow of blood from the ventricles into the atria during contraction.
44
True or False: Plasma makes up about 55% of blood volume.
True
45
What is the primary component of plasma?
Water
46
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the largest vein in the body.
vena cava
47
What does ECG stand for?
Electrocardiogram
48
What is the purpose of an electrocardiogram?
To measure the electrical activity of the heart.
49
What is the primary role of the heart valves?
To ensure unidirectional blood flow through the heart.
50
Fill in the blank: The _____ phase of the cardiac cycle is when the heart relaxes.
diastolic
51
What is the normal range for adult blood pressure?
120/80 mmHg
52
True or False: The right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs.
True
53
What is the primary function of the heart?
To pump blood throughout the body.
54
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the heart's main pumping chamber.
ventricle
55
What is the role of the pulmonary arteries?
To carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.
56
What is an aneurysm?
An abnormal bulge in a blood vessel due to weakness in the vessel wall.
57
Fill in the blank: The _____ are responsible for transporting oxygen to the body's tissues.
red blood cells
58
What is the role of the aortic valve?
To prevent backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle.
59
True or False: The body's tissues receive oxygen directly from the blood.
True
60
What is the key factor that determines blood flow resistance?
Vessel diameter.
61
Fill in the blank: The _____ regulates heart rate and blood pressure.
autonomic nervous system
62
What is the role of the mitral valve?
To prevent backflow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium.
63
What is venous return?
The flow of blood back to the heart through the veins.
64
True or False: Blood vessels can constrict and dilate to regulate blood flow.
True
65
What is the function of the chordae tendineae?
To anchor the heart valves and prevent them from inverting.
66
Fill in the blank: The _____ is responsible for the exchange of gases in the lungs.
alveoli
67
What is the term for the volume of blood pumped by the heart in one contraction?
Stroke volume
68
What is the primary component of blood responsible for immunity?
White blood cells
69
Fill in the blank: The _____ circulatory system delivers oxygen-rich blood to the tissues.
systemic
70
What is the role of the heart's left atrium?
To receive oxygenated blood from the lungs.
71
True or False: The heart has four chambers.
True
72
What is the purpose of the coronary circulation?
To supply blood to the heart muscle itself.
73
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the innermost layer of the heart.
endocardium
74
What is the primary role of the lymphatic system in relation to the cardiovascular system?
To return excess fluid to the bloodstream.
75
What does the term 'stroke volume' refer to?
The amount of blood ejected by the heart during each heartbeat.
76
Fill in the blank: The _____ are the smallest blood vessels in the body.
capillaries
77
What is the significance of the pulmonary circuit?
It allows for the exchange of gases in the lungs.
78
True or False: The heart can function independently of the nervous system.
True
79
What is the role of the aortic arch?
To distribute oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body.
80
Fill in the blank: The _____ is a network of arteries and veins that supplies blood to the heart muscle.
coronary circulation
81
What is the function of the semilunar valves?
To prevent backflow of blood from the arteries into the ventricles.
82
What is cardiac arrest?
A sudden loss of heart function.
83
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the site of nutrient and gas exchange in the lungs.
alveoli
84
What is the term for the natural rhythm of the heart?
Heart rate
85
What is the purpose of the pulmonary valve?
To prevent backflow of blood into the right ventricle.
86
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the major artery that carries blood away from the heart to the body.
aorta
87
True or False: The heart is located in the thoracic cavity.
True
88
What is the primary function of the right atrium?
To receive deoxygenated blood from the body.

Human Physiology (1 decks)

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