Circulatory system

Question 1

What are the functions of the circulatory system?

Answer 1

Pushes blood around the body, carrying oxygen to all muscles and cells. Removes co2 and other waste products.
Prevents infections and fights disease (WBC)>

Question 2

What components are in the circulatory system?

Answer 2

Heart, blood and blood vessels

Question 3

What is a heartbeat?

Answer 3

One contraction of the heart.

Question 4

What is a heartrate?

Answer 4

The number of times the heart beats in one mintue.

Question 5

What is stroke volume?

Answer 5

The amount of blood pumped out in one beat.

Question 6

What is cardiac output?

Answer 6

The amount of blood pumped out in one minute.

Question 7

What is a systolic heartbeat?

Answer 7

When the heart muscle CONTRACTS and pumps blood from the atriums to the ventricles.

Question 8

What is a diastolic heartbeat?

Answer 8

When the heart muscle RELAXES and lets the chambers fill with blood.

Question 9

What happens to the CV system during exercise?

Answer 9

Heart rate increases
Blood pressure increases

Question 10

What is the average resting heart rate?

Answer 10

60-80 bpm

Question 11

Why does your blood pressure increase when exercising?

Answer 11

More blood is being pumped around the body to deliver oxygen so the pressure on the blood vessel wall increases.

Question 12

Where is blood pressure highest?

Answer 12

Arteries (where it starts its journey).

Question 13

What is systolic pressure?

Answer 13

Pressure in the arteries as the left ventricle contracts

Question 14

What is diastolic pressure?

Answer 14

Pressure in the arteries as the left ventricle relaxes

Question 15

How do you find out blood pressure (equation)?

Answer 15

systolic pressure / diastolic pressure

Question 16

What do arteries do?

Answer 16

Take blood away from the heart

Question 17

What are qualities of arteries?

Answer 17

Thick (muscle) walls
Small lumen
High blood pressure
Oxygenated blood

Question 18

What do veins do?

Answer 18

Takes blood into the heart

Question 19

What are qualities of veins?

Answer 19

Thin (muscle) walls
Big lumen
Low blood pressure
Deoxygenated blood

Question 20

What are qualities of capillaries?

Answer 20

Small walls (one cell thick)
Very low blood pressure
Link arteries and veins

Question 21

What do capillaries do?

Answer 21

They allow gaseous exchange to take place. Oxygenated blood at one end (oxygen and nutrients) is delivered to muscles and then at the other end co2 and waste products are taken away in deoxygenated blood.

Question 22

How does gaseous exchange work?

Answer 22

High concentration of co2 in blood moves into alveoli (low concentration). High concentration of o2 in the alveoli moves into blood (low concentration).

Question 23

What do red blood cells do?

Answer 23

Carries oxygen to muscles

Question 24

What is it called if you have a low red blood cell count?

Answer 24

Anemia

Question 25

What can athletes do to increase their RBC count naturally?

Answer 25

Train at a high altitude (air is thinner)

Question 26

What do white blood cells do?

Answer 26

They fight infections and diseases

Question 27

What are the qualities of white blood cells?

Answer 27

They are transparent

Question 28

What do blood platelets do?

Answer 28

They clot the blood

Question 29

Where are blood platelets formed?

Answer 29

Bone marrow

Question 30

What does plasma do?

Answer 30

Helps your body recover from injury, distribute nutrients, remove waste and prevent infection, while moving throughout your circulatory system.

Question 31

What colour and state is plasma?

Answer 31

Straw yellow and liquid (90% water)

Question 32

What is plasma made of?

Answer 32

Salt Sugar Antibodies Waste products Water Plasma proteins

Question 33

What is vascular shunting?

Answer 33

When your exercising, the body will divert blood to areas which need it most (away from digestive system to muscles).

Question 34

What is vasodilation?

Answer 34

When blood vessels expand to allow more blood to be transported to working muscles.

Question 35

What is vasoconstriction?

Answer 35

When blood vessels narrow/constrict to stop blood from going to areas not involved in exercise.

Question 36

What is the effect of regular exercise on the CV system?

Answer 36

Resting heart rate increases Heart gets bigger Stroke volume increases Cardiac output increases Blood pressure lowers Recovery time becomes faster

Question 37

What is the equation for cardiac output?

Answer 37

CO = SV X HR