Circulatory System Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is cellular respiration?
Cellular respiration is the process that occurs in the mitochondria of cells to take glucose and oxygen and turn it into usable energy for cells, called ATP
What’s the formula for cellular respiration?
C6 H12 O6 + O2 —-> ATP! + Co2 + H2O + Cell Waste
What does the respiratory system provide and remove?
Provides: oxygen
Removes: Carbon Dioxide
What does the digestive system provide and remove?
Provides: glucose
Removes: Cell Waste
How does the circulatory system help get these needed substances to cells, and get rid of the waste?
Blood
What type of cells carry gases in the blood?
Red blood cells
What is the blood portion that carries heat called?
Plasma
What type of blood cell helps clot your blood when you get cut?
Platelets
What type of blood cell helps fight pathogens like viruses?
White blood cells
If a person has low iron they might feel tired. Why do you think this is the case?
Iron makes heroglobin. Heroglobin binds oxygen to red blood cells, if your iron is low, your brain muscles lack oxygen and you feel tired.
Capillary
Direction, rich or poor oxygen or both, thick walls with muscle and elastin, blood pressure high or low, valves present? The name for the small version
Direction: both
Rich or poor oxygen: both
Thick walls with muscle and elastin: 1 cell thick
Blood pressure: low
Valves present: No
Name for small version: none
Artery
Direction, rich or poor oxygen or both, thick walls with muscle and elastin, blood pressure high or low, valves present? The name for the small version
Direction: away from heart
Rich or poor oxygen: usually high O2
Thick walls with muscle: thick/elastic
Blood pressure: high
Valves present: no
Name for small version: arteriole
Vein
Direction, rich or poor oxygen or both, thick walls with muscle and elastin, blood pressure high or low, valves present? The name for the small version
Direction: back to heart
Rich or poor oxygen: usually low O2
Thick walls of muscle and elastin: thin to muscle/elastin
Blood pressure: low
Valves present: yes
Name for small version: Venule
What type of muscle is found in the heart? What is unique about this type of muscle?
Cardiac, myogenic -> contract without signal from brain
What type of muscle makes up arteries? Why is it important they have elastin, which allows them to stretch?
Smooth, elastin- stretch under high pressure
Why do you think it allows organisms to be more complex if they have a heart and circulatory system that totally separates oxygen-rich and poor blood?
Because there is a separation it makes it more efficient to travel but if it was one it would be messy and less efficient
Where does blood travel in the pulmonary circulation?
Between the lungs and the heart
Where does blood travel in the systemic circulation?
Between the body cells and the heart
Where does blood travel in the cardiac circulation?
Within the heart
How many readings do you get from blood pressure?
3 readings, averaging the last two
____________ is when the heart is contracted (high number) and ——————— is when the heart is relaxed (lower number)
Systole and Diastole
What is an arrythmia? What are two causes?
A heartbeat that has an irregular rhythm that occurs if the electrical signals controlling the heart are blocked or delayed. 2 causes are smoking and drugs.
What is leukaemia and how is it treated?
Cancer of the blood or bone marrow, in which large numbers of abnormal cells are produced. Leukaemia is treated with chemotherapy (medication) and radiation. If severe a bone marrow transplant may be performed.
What is a stroke? Provide two signs a person may have had a stroke.
Occurs when the brain does not get enough blood; the brain cells die because they do no receive enough oxygen (2 ways to check are vision, movement, and speech problems)
