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Vet Terminology > Circulatory system > Flashcards

Circulatory system Flashcards

1
Q

External Fibrous layer of heart membrane

A

Fibrous pericardium

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2
Q

Layer of pericardium with two parts

A

Parietal and visceral layer of serous

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3
Q

Space between two layers of serous

A

Pericardial space filled with pericardial fluid to prevent friction between heart and pericardium when heart beats

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4
Q

External layer of the heart ( also known as visceral layer)

A

Epicardium

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5
Q

Middle and thickest layer of heart; actual heart muscle

A

Myocardium

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6
Q

Inner layer of the heart

A

Endocardium

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7
Q

Remove waste products from myocardium

A

Coronary veins

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8
Q

Disruption of blood flow

A

Coronary occlusion

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9
Q

Deficiency of blood supply to an area

A

Ischemia

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10
Q

Tissue death

A

Necrosis

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11
Q

Section of tissue death caused by interrupted blood supply

A

Infarction

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12
Q

Craniodorsal chambers of heart where all vessels to heart enter

A

Atria

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13
Q

Separating wall of right and left artia

A

Interartial septum

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14
Q

Separating wall of right and left ventricles

A

Interventricular septum

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15
Q

Narrow tip of heart

A

Apex

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16
Q

Opening between right atrium and right ventricle

A

Tricuspid valve

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17
Q

Valve located between right ventricle and pulmonary artery that controls blood entering lungs

A

Pulmonary semilunar valve

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18
Q

Valve controls opening of left atrium and left ventricle

A

Left atrioventricular valve or mitral valve or bicuspid

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19
Q

Valve located between left ventricle and aorta controlling blood entering arterial system

A

Aortic semilunar valve

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20
Q

Controls conduction system

A

Sinotrial node, atrioventricular node, bundle of HIS and Purkinje fibers

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21
Q

Called pacemaker of heart

A

Sinoatrial node (SA) and Purkinje fibers

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22
Q

Located in inter ventricle septum causing ventricular contraction

A

Bundle of His

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23
Q

Ventricular contraction that forces blood into aorta and pulmonary arteries

A

Ventricular systole

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24
Q

Normal heart rhythm

A

Sinus rhythm

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25
Q

Abnormal rhythm

A

Dysrhythmia or arrhythmia

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26
Q

Denote relaxation when atria fill with blood

A

Diastole

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27
Q

Test to visualize electrical wave movements

A

Electrocardiogram EKG ECG

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28
Q

Heartbeat sensations that feel like pounding with or without irregularity

A

Palpitation

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29
Q

Rapid, random and ineffective heart contractions

A

Fibrillation

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30
Q

Cardiac rhythm in which atrial contractions are rapid but regular

A

Flutter

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31
Q

Abnormally slow heartbeat

A

Bradycardia

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32
Q

Abnormally rapid heartbeat

A

Tachycardia

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33
Q

Sudden convulsion or spasm

A

Paroxysm

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34
Q

Irregular heart beat resulting from variation in vagaries nerve tone as a result of respiration

A

Normal sinus arrhythmia

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35
Q

Without contraction or lack of heart activity

A

Asystole

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36
Q

Temporary suspension of respiration and circulation

A

Syncope

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37
Q

Low frequency vibrations occurring during early diastole and late diastole

A

Gallop

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38
Q

Plume of blood entering right side of heart

A

Preload

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39
Q

Impedance to ventricular emptying presented by aortic pressure after load

A

Afterload

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40
Q

Process of recording electrical of myocardium

A

Electrocardiography

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41
Q

Act of listening to body sounds usually with stethoscope

A

Auscultation

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42
Q

Abnormal sound associated with blood flow

A

Heart murmur

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43
Q

Abnormal sound occurring during entire ventricular contraction

A

Holosystolic or pansystolic

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44
Q

Murmurs heard during during systole

A

Atrioventricular insufficiency or aortic or pulmonic valve stenosis

45
Q

Murmurs heard during diastole

A

Atriventcular stenosis or aortic or pulmonary valve insufficiency

46
Q

Vibration heard on palpation

A

Thrill

47
Q

Opening in vessel through which fluid flows

A

Lumen

48
Q

Things that narrow or widen vessel diameter

A

Vasoconstrictors
Vasodilators

49
Q

Main trunk of arterial system that begins from left ventricle of heart

A

Aorta

50
Q

Branches of aorta named for area which they supply blood

A

Celiac artery liver, stomach and spleen
Renal artery kidney
Ovarian or testicular

51
Q

Smaller branches of arteries that carry blood to capillaries

A

Arterioles

52
Q

Blood flow through tissue

A

Perfusion

53
Q

Capillaries connect to blood vessels that carry blood to heart

A

Venues

54
Q

Single vein that drains chest wall

A

Azygous vein

55
Q

Tension exerted by blood on arterial walks

A

Blood pressure

56
Q

Resistance to flow of blood

A

Viscosity

57
Q

Measures blood pressure

A

Sphygmomanometer

58
Q

Occurs when ventricles contract and is highest toward end of stroke output of left ventricle

A

Systolic pressure

59
Q

Occurs when ventricles relax and is lowest late in ventricular dilation

A

Diastolic pressure

60
Q

High blood pressure

A

Hypertension

61
Q

Low blood pressure

A

Hypotension

62
Q

Drugs used to lower blood pressure

A

Antihypertensives

63
Q

Study of blood vessels and heart using contrast

A

Angiocardiography

64
Q

Study of blood vessels following injection of Radiographic material

A

Angiography

65
Q

Constricting band applied to control bleeding or assist with drawing blood

A

Tourniquet

66
Q

Localized ballonlike enlargement of artery

A

Aneurysm

67
Q

Disease of vessels

A

Angiopathy

68
Q

Inability of the aortic valve to perform at proper levels

A

Aortic insufficiency

69
Q

Hardening and narrowing of arteries

A

Atherostenosis

70
Q

Opening of wall diving right and left atria that may allow blood to flow from high pressure right atrium to low pressure left atrium

A

Atrial septal defect

71
Q

Compression of heart due to fluid or blood collection in pericardial sac

A

Cardiac tamponade

72
Q

Heart enlargement

A

Cardiomegaly

73
Q

Disease of heart muscle

A

Cardiomyopathy

74
Q

Excessive growth of left ventricle

A

Hypertrophic

75
Q

Dilated cardiomyopathy

A

Congestive

76
Q

Inflammation of heart

A

Carditis

77
Q

Fluid accumulation between layers of membrane encasing the lungs

A

Pleural effusion

78
Q

Alterations in structure or function of right ventricle caused by pulmonary hypertension

A

Cor pulmonale

79
Q

Heart worm infection

A

Dirofilarosis

80
Q

Used to treat heart worm

A

Adulticide and microfilcide

81
Q

Foreign object circulating in blood

A

Embolus

82
Q

Inflammation of endocardium and sometimes heart valves

A

Endocarditis

83
Q

Benign tumor of new blood vessels

A

Hemangioma

84
Q

Above normal levels of carbon dioxide

A

Hypercapnia

85
Q

Below normal levels of oxygen

A

Hypoxia

86
Q

Narrowing of mitral valve

A

Mitral stenosis

87
Q

Abnormal protrusion of left atrioventricular valve that results in incomplete closure

A

Mitral valve prolapse

88
Q

Persistence of fetal communication between left pulmonary artery and aorta that should close shortly after birth

A

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)

89
Q

Inflammation of pericardium

A

Pericarditis

90
Q

Narrowing of opening and vulvar area between pulmonary artery and right ventricle

A

Pulmonic stenosis

91
Q

Backflow of blood caused by imperfect closure of valves

A

Regurgitation

92
Q

Inadequate tissue profusion

A

Shock

93
Q

Congenital cyanoruc cardiac condition that has four anatomical defects to the heart — pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta and right ventricular hypertrophy

A

Tetralogy of Fallot

94
Q

Blocking of vessel by part of broken clot

A

Thromboembolism

95
Q

Blood clot attached to interior wall of vein or artery

A

Thrombus

96
Q

Substances that prevent blood clotting

A

Anticoagulants

97
Q

Opening in the wall diving right and left ventricles

A

Ventricular septal defect

98
Q

Bypass or divert

A

Shunt

99
Q

Surgical repair of old or lymph vessels

A

Angioplasty

100
Q

Procedure done through opening in vessel

A

Transluminal

101
Q

Procedure done through opening in skin

A

Percutaneous

102
Q

Suture of a vessel

A

Angiorrhaphy

103
Q

Surgical removal of blood vessel carrying blood away from heart

A

Arteriectomy

104
Q

Incision of blood vessel that carries blood away from heart

A

Ateriotomy

105
Q

Tension exerted by blood in cranial vena cava

A

Central venous pressure (CVP)

106
Q

Use of electrical shock to restore normal heart rhythm

A

Defibrillation

107
Q

Small expander of blood vessel to prevent collapsing

A

Stent

108
Q

Surgical incision into valve or membranous flap

A

Valvotomy

Vet Terminology (6 decks)

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