circulatory system

Question 1

What are the 4 parts of circulatory system?

Answer 1

Heart, Arteries, Veins, Capillaries

Question 2

How many chambers in heart

Answer 2

4

Question 3

what do top 2 chambers (atrium) do

Answer 3

receive the blood

Question 4

what do bottom 2 chambers (ventricles) do

Answer 4

pump blood and have much thicker and strong walls

Question 5

what are 4 valves of heart

Answer 5

Tricuspid, Pulmonic, Mitral, Aortic Valve

Question 6

Where and what does tricuspid valve do

Answer 6

• between right atrium and right ventricle
• first “stop” for deoxygenated blood entering heart

Question 7

Where and what does mitral valve do

Answer 7

• between left atrium and left ventricle
• first stop for “oxygenated” blood entering heart

Question 8

Where and what does pulmonic valve do

Answer 8

• between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
• “pulmon-“ think lungs
• blood flows from right ventricle to the lungs

Question 9

where and what does aortic valve do

Answer 9

• between left ventricle (big pump) and aorta
• where new oxygenated blood flows out to all the body

Question 10

2 main functions of arteries

Answer 10

• carry blood AWAY from heart
• carry oxygenated blood

Question 11

what are the 4 main arteries

Answer 11

aorta, femoral (femur to thigh bone), carotid, brachial

Question 12

main function of aorta

Answer 12

primary artery carrying blood directly from heart

Question 13

main function of femoral

Answer 13

carries blood to lower body

Question 14

main function of carotid

Answer 14

artery carrying blood to brain

Question 15

main function of brachial

Answer 15

carries blood to upper body (shoulders, armss, hands, etc.)

Question 16

2 main functions of veins

Answer 16

• brings blood back to heart
• carry deoxygenated blood, carbon dioxide, and waste

Question 17

2 main functions of capillaries

Answer 17

• connects arteries and veins
• exchange materials (oxygen and nutrients) between blood and tissue (muscles, organs, etc.)

Question 18

1 cause of abrasions

Answer 18

• worn off layers of skin from rubbing against a surface

Question 19

3 treatment for abrasions

Answer 19

• clean and rinse wound
• apply antiseptic
• cover

Question 20

2 causes of incision

Answer 20

• straight edged cut
• usually surgical

Question 21

3 treatment for incision

Answer 21

• apply pressure
• stitches likely needed
• heals quicker than laceration and leaves less of a scar

Question 22

2 causes of laceration

Answer 22

• jagged edge cut or a breaking open of the skin
• made with a dull object

Question 23

3 treatment for lacerations

Answer 23

• apply pressure
• stitches likely needed
• helas slower than incision and leaves a scar

Question 24

2 causes of puncture

Answer 24

• sharp object has made a direct impact into skin
• made by sharp - tipped or “pointy” objects

Question 25

2 treatment for punctures

Answer 25

- leave the object in, this slows bleeding - seek immediate medical attention

Question 26

3 causes of contusion (bruise)

Answer 26

- blunt force - breaks blood vessels (capillaries) - red blood cells escape blood vessels, no longer circulate, discolor, and slowly move to the surface of skin

Question 27

1 treatment for contusion (bruise)

Answer 27

- ice and elevation

Question 28

3 causes of 1st degree burns

Answer 28

- heat or radiation (sun) - redness, may blister - outer layer of skin

Question 29

2 treatment for 1st degree burns

Answer 29

- keep clean - topical ointments (lotions) as needed

Question 30

3 causes of 2nd degree burns

Answer 30

- heat or radiation (sun) - blister immediately - multiple layers of skin damaged

Question 31

3 treatment for 2nd degree burns

Answer 31

- keep clean - cover with gauze - seek medical assistance if needed

Question 32

3 causes of 3rd degree burns

Answer 32

- heat or radiation (sun) - skin burned through - charring of skin and muscle tissue

Question 33

2 treatment for 3rd degree burns

Answer 33

- seek medical assistance - skin grafts from other parts likely needed

Question 34

how many layers of skin does each burn degree go through

Answer 34

1st - epidermis 2nd - through epidermis into dermis 3rd - through all layers of skin

Question 35

3 causes of internal injury

Answer 35

- blunt force trauma, puncture, or gunshot around internal organs - blood in excretions - tenderness around the affected area

Question 36

1 treatment for internal injury

Answer 36

- seek medical assistance

Question 37

2 causes of severing

Answer 37

- industrial or automobile accidents - body parts removed by force from joints or from areas of broken bone

Question 38

1 treatment for severing

Answer 38

- seek medical assistance immediately

Question 39

3 causes of gangrene

Answer 39

- blood flow to a large area is cut off - frostbite and untreated wounds - spreads throughout the bloodstream

Question 40

2 treatments for gangrene

Answer 40

- seek medical assistance - amputation if necessary

Question 41

1 cause of venoms and toxins

Answer 41

- animal or insect bites

Question 42

3 treatments for venoms and toxins

Answer 42

- use of anti-venom - mark infected area - monitor progress

Question 43

1 cause of a virus

Answer 43

- environmental exposure to a virus