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PMLS 2 > Circulatory System > Flashcards

Circulatory System Flashcards

1
Q

transports the oxygenated blood from the heart and lungs all throughout the body thru the arteries, and then the oxygen depleted blood is returned to its origin thru the help of the veins.

A

Circulatory System

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2
Q

helps in the coagulation process, regulates the body temperature and assists the body in fighting diseases.

A

Circulatory System

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3
Q

two main components of Circulatory System

A

the Cardiovascular system and the Lymphatic system

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4
Q

hollow muscular organ

A

heart

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5
Q

how many chambers does heart have

A

four

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6
Q

heart is surrounded by a thin, fluid-filled sac called?

A

pericardium

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7
Q

size of the heart

A

about the same size as of a man’s clenched fist

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8
Q

Layer of pericardium

A

parietal pericardium
pericardial cavity
visceral pericardium

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9
Q

layers of the heart

A

epicardium
myocardium
endocardium

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10
Q

thin, watery membrane in the outer layer of the heart

A

epicardium

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11
Q

covers the heart and attached to the pericardium

A

epicardium

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12
Q

thick layer of cardiac
muscles in the middle layer of the heart.

A

myocardium

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13
Q

pumps blood to the arteries by contracting

A

myocardium

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14
Q

thin layer of epithelial
cells in the inner layer of the heart

A

endocardium

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15
Q

lines the valves and interior chambers.

A

endocardium

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16
Q

chambers of the heart

A

right atrium
right ventricles
left atrium
left ventricles

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17
Q

upper right chamber

A

right atrium

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18
Q

Receives deoxygenated blood from the body

A

right atrium

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19
Q

lower right chamber

A

right ventricle

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20
Q

Receives the blood from the right atrium and pumps into pulmonary artery.

A

right ventricle

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21
Q

upper left chamber

A

Left Atrium

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22
Q

Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs
and pumps it into the left ventricle

A

Left Atrium

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23
Q

lower left chamber

A

Left Ventricle

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24
Q

Receives blood from the left atrium and pumps it into the aorta.

A

Left Ventricle

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25
Q

valves of the heart

A

Atrioventricular Valves
Semilunar valves

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26
Q

tricuspid valve which is located between the right atrium and right ventricle

A

Right AV valve

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27
Q

Closes as the right ventricles contracts
preventing blood from flowing back to the right atrium.

A

Right AV valve

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28
Q

bicuspid or mitral valve which is located between the left atrium and left ventricle

A

Left AV valve

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29
Q

Closes as the left ventricles contracts
preventing blood from flowing back to the left atrium.

A

Left AV valve

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30
Q

pulmonary or pulmonic valve located at the entrance of the pulmonary artery.

A

Right semilunar valve

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31
Q

Closes when the right ventricle relaxes preventing blood from flowing back to the right
ventricle

A

Right semilunar valve

32
Q

aortic valve located at the entrance of the aorta.

A

Left semilunar valve

33
Q

Closes when the left ventricle relaxes preventing blood from flowing back to the left ventricle.

A

Left semilunar valve

34
Q

partition that separates the right from the left atria

A

Interatrial septum

35
Q

separates the right and the left ventricles

A

Interventricular septum

36
Q

receives blood supply thru the left and right coronary arteries, and coronary veins return the oxygen depleted
blood from the heart muscle back to the heart.

A

Coronary Circulation

37
Q

Heart function

A
  • the Coronary circulation supplies the blood and also provides drainage from the tissues
  • composed of the left and right coronary arteries and coronary veins
38
Q

6 functions of the heart

A
  1. cardiac cycle
  2. Electrical Conduction System
  3. Electrocardiogram (ECG)
  4. Origin of heart sound
  5. Heart rate and Cardiac Output
  6. Pulse
  7. Blood Pressure
39
Q

Systole (contraction) & diastole (relaxation) which lasts about 0.8
seconds

A

Cardiac Cycle

40
Q

Sends electric impulses throughout the myocardium which is
initiated by the Sinoatrial (SA) node (pacemaker)

A

Electrical Conduction System

41
Q

Provides the graphical representation of the cardiac cycle’s activity

A

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

42
Q

The average heart rate is

A

72 beats per minute (bpm)

43
Q

refers to the volume of blood pumped per minute

A

Cardiac output

44
Q

which is the first sound as the ventricles contract or the AV valves close

A

“lubb”

45
Q

the second sound which is heard when the semilunar valves close and the ventricles relax.

A

“dupp”

46
Q

A rhythmic throbbing resulting from the alternating expansion and contraction of the artery

A

pulse

47
Q

The force which was exerted by the blood on the walls of the vessel

A

blood pressure

48
Q

Blood pressure is measured by

A

sphygmomanometer

49
Q

it is the difference between the systolic (pressure during contraction) and diastolic (pressure during relaxation).

A

Blood pressure

50
Q

normal contraction of the heart in ECG

A

Sinus Rhythm

51
Q

Amount of Cardiac output

A

5-6L per minute

52
Q

unit of blood pressure

A

mm Hg (millimeters of mercury)

53
Q

normal blood pressure

A

120 over 80

54
Q

the loop which consists of a system of blood vessels through which blood is circulated to the rest of the body

A

vascular system

55
Q

two divisions of vascular system

A

(1) pulmonary circulation
(2) systemic circulation

56
Q

structures of the vascular system

A
  1. arteries
  2. arterioles
  3. veins
  4. venules
  5. capillaries
57
Q

thick-walled blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the tissues of the body

A

arteries

58
Q

small-diameter blood vessels that branch out from the arteries and lead to the capillaries

A

arteriole

59
Q

tubes with thin walls that carry deoxygenated blood from tissue to the heart

A

veins

60
Q

very small veins that collect blood from the capillaries

A

venules

61
Q

fine hair-like blood vessels that connect arterioles and veins

A

capillaries

62
Q

three layers of blood vessels

A
  1. tunica adventitia
  2. tunica media
  3. tunica intima
63
Q

outer connective tissue of blood vessel

A

tunica adventitia

64
Q

it is the middle layer of blood vessel, has muscle and elastic fiber

A

tunica media

65
Q

it is the inner layer of blood vessel, has endothelial cell

A

tunica intima

66
Q

space inside the blood vessel where the blood flows

A

lumen

67
Q

found in the veins, these are thin membranous leaflets that prevent the backflow of blood

A

valves

68
Q

the red fluid that is transported throughout the body through the circulatory system

A

blood

69
Q

two function of blood

A
  1. Arterial blood
  2. Venous blood
70
Q

blood is composed of

A

plasma and other formed elements

71
Q

a clear, straw-colored liquid portion of the blood which is 90% water

A

plasma

72
Q

three components of blood

A
  1. Erythrocytes (red blood cells)
  2. Leukocytes (white blood cells)
  3. Thrombocytes (platelets)
73
Q

System of classifying human blood by the presence of antigens A and B and based on the antigenic components found on the surface of the red blood cells.

A

ABO blood group system

74
Q

system of classification of primary importance in obstetrics because of the hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN).

A

RH blood-group system

75
Q

universal donor

A

O

76
Q

universal recipient

A

AB

77
Q
A

PMLS 2 (18 decks)

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