Circulatory System Flashcards
(80 cards)
1
Q
Name the pathway of the circulatory system
A
BLUE:
superior vena cava
inferior vena cava
right atrium
tricupsid valve
right ventricle
pulmonary valve
pulmonary arteries
lungs (1)
RED:
lungs (2)
pulmonary veins
left atrium
bicupsid/mitral valve
left ventricle
aortic valve
aorta
systemic circulation
2
Q
angi
A
blood vessel
3
Q
arteri
A
artery
4
Q
ather
A
fat, plaque
5
Q
brady
A
slow
6
Q
cardio/cyte/electr
A
heart/cell/electric
7
Q
embol
A
embolus, plug
8
Q
emia
A
blood condition
9
Q
erythr
A
red
10
Q
-gram
A
tracing, recording
11
Q
hemat
A
blood
12
Q
isch-
A
blockage
13
Q
leuk
A
white
14
Q
myocardi-
A
heart muscle
15
Q
-penia
A
deficiency
16
Q
phleb-
A
vein
17
Q
-sclerosis
A
hardening
18
Q
tachy
A
fast
19
Q
-tension
A
blood pressure
20
Q
thromb
A
clot
21
Q
thorac
A
chest
22
Q
vascul
A
blood vessel
23
Q
plasma
A
straw colored liquid
has nutrients, electrolytes, hormones, vitamins, and enzymes
24
Q
Plasma protein:
fibrinogen
A
made in liver, needed to clot blood
25
Plasma protein:
albumin
most abundant protein, maintains osmotic pressure, volume, it can take up water soluble substances within blood pressure
26
Plasma protein:
prothromblin
helps coagulate blood
27
erythrocytes
red blood cells
28
leukocytes
white blood cells
29
arganulocytes
white cells no granules
30
lymphocytes
makes antibodies + T cells, protects body from infection
31
monocytes
plays a role in inflammatory + antinflammatory responses
32
thrombocytes
-smallest solid components of blood
-synthesized in red marrow
-not cells, composed of fragments of megakaryocytes
-necessary for initiation of the blood clotting process
33
hemoglobin
iron +globin protein
34
granulocytes
white blood cell w/ granules
35
neutrophilis
1st line of defense
eats foreign viruses/bacteria
36
eosinophilis
protects body from parasites, allergens, bacteria, and outside organisms
37
basophilis
activated during an allergic reaction. produces histamin and heparin
38
Arteries function?
-carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the capillaries
-transport blood under very high pressure
39
Flow of blood?
arteries---->arterioles
----->capillaries
40
capillaries description?
smallest blood vessels
oxygen/nutrients can move thru walls
41
veins function?
carry deoxygenated blood away from capillaries to the heart
42
venioles description?
smaller veins that lead to capilaries
carries blood that is oxygen poor to the heart
43
pericardium
outermost layer of heart
2 thin fibrous layers that contains fluid to protect layers from fricion
44
myocardium
middle layer that contains heart tissue
45
endocardium
the innermost layer that lines the heart
46
Anemia
Low level of RBC or deficient amount of hemoglobin
47
Anemia cause?
Bone marrow dysfunction, low level of iron/vitamins
48
Anemia symptoms?
Pale skin, fatigue, muscle weakness, shortness of breath, chest pain
49
Sickle cell anemia
Inherited chronic condition which RBC + hemoglobin cannot form properly
50
Sickle cell anemia symptoms?
Genetic
Increased clotting, impaired ability to carry 02 because ruptured cells clog up small vessels, high number of RBCs thickens blood
51
Hemophillia
Sex linked bleeding disorder, blood clot very slowly
Transmitted from mother to son
52
Hemophilia symptoms?
Bleeding episodes in joints and muscles and pain
53
Embolism
Due to blood clot
Parts of thrombus can break off and travel and blocks blood vessel
54
Embolism symptoms?
Coughing, dizziness, heart palpitations heart racing, leg pain and swelling, chest pain, shortness of breath
55
Thrombus
Formation of a blood clot in a blood vessel
Rough surface on lining of blood vessel may allow platelets to stick
(Mostly same symptoms as embolism)
56
Aneurysm (brain)
Ballooning of an artery thinning and wearing of aterial wall
Artery will balloon causing the wall to become weak and lead to vessel ruptured could be due to medical history, drug use, and alcohol use
57
Aneurysm (brain) symptoms?
Nausea, vomiting, stiff neck, blurred vision, sensitive to light, seizure, drooping of eyelid, confusion, loss of consciousness
58
Aneurysm (abdominal)
Ballooning of arterial wall, vessel can become weak and rupture
Can be caused by age, sex, history, genetics, high cholesterol, high blood pressure
59
Aneurysm (abdominal) symptoms?
Pain in abdomen, back, passing out, dizziness, clammy skin, nausea and vomiting, rapid heart rate, shock
60
Coronary artery disease
Narrowing of small blood vessels that supply blood/O2
Can be caused by spasm of the artery or not atherosclerosis, or plaque build up in walls
61
Coronary artery disease symptoms?
Chest pain, weakness, light headedness, nausea, cold sweats, pain, shortness of breath, heart attack
62
Cerebral vascular accident
Blood clot gets stuck in blood vessels leading to brain
63
Cerebral vascular accident symptoms?
Brain cells die due to lack of oxygen, can lead to paralysis, confusion, numbness, weakness
64
Peripheral vascular disease
Blockage of arteries usually in legs
Caused by build up of fatty deposits and calcium
65
Peripheral vascular disease symptoms?
Numbness, intermittent pain, pain eases during rest, feeling of pins of needles, coldness of affected body parts
66
Hypertension
High blood pressure and heart works faster than needed
Caused by smoking, overweight, stress, high fat diets, hereditary
67
Hypertension symptoms?
Headaches, blurred vision, and chest pain
68
Varicose veins
Swollen, dilated, disintended veins normally found in legs
Can be caused by posture, prolonged standing, physical extention, age, pregnancy
69
Varicose veins symptoms?
Bluish, bulging veins
70
Angina pectoris
(Chest pain)
Lack of oxygen to heart muscle
71
Heart murmur
Indicates defect in heart valve
Caused because heart valve does not close properly causing a gurgling or hissing sound
72
Heart murmur symptoms?
Blue/gray finger tips or lips, heavy sweating, swollen liver, chest pain, dizziness, fainting, coughing, swollen
73
Arrhythmias
Change from normal heart rate or rhythm
heart arties narrow, heart attack, heart failure, cardiomyopathy
74
Arrhythmias symptoms?
Fatigue, shortness of breath, light headed, feeling faint, anxiety, rapid heart beat
75
Congestive heart failure
Heart pumping grows weaker, can't pump enough blood
Caused by unhealthy lifestyle, smoking, drug use, alcohol, lack of exercise
76
Congestive heart failure symptoms?
Shortness of breath, fatigue, weakness, rapid or irregular heart beat, weakness, cough or wheezing
77
Myocardial infarction
Blocked flow to a portion of myocardium
Blocked coronary or blood clot
Lack of blood supply to myocardium
Heart muscle dies due to oxygen deprivation
Caused by poor lifestyle choices
78
Myocardial infarction symptoms?
Chest discomfort, arm/back discomfort, neck/jaw discomfort, trouble breathing, feeling light headed, cold sweat, feeling sick or nauseous
79
Mitral valve prolapse
Mitral valve closes improperly
80
Mitral valve prolapse symptoms?
Occurs in response to stress, fatigue, palpitations, headache, chest pain, anxiety
