Cisco day 1 to day 3 Flashcards
1
Q
is a collection of network protocols / standards
A
Ethernet
2
Q
common language is the purpose of
A
Network Protocols : Two Standards
3
Q
Physical Standards :
A
-connectors and cables
4
Q
Logical Standards :
A
-IP ( Internet Protocol )
5
Q
Speed are measured in
A
Bits per Seconds
6
Q
its a value represented by either a 0 or 1
A
Bit
7
Q
A series of 8 Bits
A
Byte
8
Q
Ethernet Standards : Copper
A
IEEE 802.3 Standards in 1983
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
9
Q
10Mbps Speed:
A
Common name : Ethernet
IEEE Standard : 802.3i
Informal Name : 10Base-T
Maximum Length : 100 meters
10
Q
100Mbps Speed:
A
Common name : Fast Ethernet
IEEE Standard : 802.3u
Informal Name : 100Base-T
Maximum Length : 100 meters
11
Q
1Gbps Speed:
A
Common name : Gigabit Ethernet
IEEE Standard : 802.3ab
Informal Name : 1000Base-T
Maximum Length : 100 meters
12
Q
10Gbps Speed:
A
Common name : 10Gig Ethernet
IEEE Standard : 802.3an
Informal Name : 10GBase-T
Maximum Length : 100 meters
13
Q
Base refers to
A
Baseband Signaling
14
Q
T refers to
A
Twisted Pair Cabling
15
Q
4 pairs of wire (8 wires in total) twisted together that helps to protect from EMI (Electromagnetic Interference)
A
Unshielded Twisted Pairs
16
Q
UTP Connector
A
RJ-45 (Registered Jack)
17
Q
10 Base-T
100 Base-T
A
use only 2 pairs ( 4 wires )
18
Q
1000Base-T
10GBase-T
A
use 4 pairs ( all 8 wires )
19
Q
for UTP : 10 Base-T AND 100 Base-T on SWITCH :
A
The Wire will be using is 1,2 & 3,6
1,2 (RX)
3,6(TX)
20
Q
for UTP : 10 Base-T AND 100 Base-T on PC :
A
The Wire will be using is 1,2 & 3,6
1,2 (TX)
3,6(RX)
21
Q
for UTP : 10 Base-T AND 100 Base-T on Router :
A
The Wire will be using is 1,2 & 3,6
1,2 (TX)
3,6(RX)
22
Q
Ethernet uses _____ System
A
Full Duplex system
23
Q
ROUTER TO SWITCH - CABLE
A
Straight-Through Cable
24
Q
PC TO SWITCH - CABLE
A
Straight-Through Cable
25
PC TO PC - CABLE
Crossover Cable
26
SWITCH TO SWITCH - CABLE
Crossover Cable
27
for UTP : 10 Base-T AND 100 Base-T on Firewall :
The Wire will be using is 1,2 & 3,6
1,2 (TX)
3,6(RX)
28
it is use to avoid error on what type of cable should be using if either crossover cable or straight through cable
.it adjust the transmit and receive
Auto MDI-X
29
for UTP 1000 Base-T AND 10G Base-T
Each Pair is " Bidirectional "
| all wires are use
30
Fiber Optic Connection on a Switch using
SFP Transceiver ( Small Form-Factor Pluggable ) - use to connect Fiber Optic Cable on a Cisco Switch.
31
Fiber Optic Cable Parts:
1. Core - where the LIGHT travels
2. Clad - reflects LIGHT
3. Protective Buffer
4. Outer Jacket
32
Two Types of Fiber Optic Cable :
1. Single Mode
| 2. Multi-mode
33
in Multimode Fiber Optic Cable:
1. core diameter is wider than single-mode.
2. allows multiple angles ( modes ) of light waves to enter the fiber glass core.
3. allows longer cables than UTP , But Shorter Cables than Single-Mode Fiber.
4. Cheaper than Single-Mode Fiber due to cheaper LED-based SFP Transmitters.
34
in Singlemode Fiber Optic Cable:
1. core diamter is narrower than multimode.
2. light enters at a single angle (mode) from a laser based transmitter.
3. allows longer cables than both UTP and Multimode fiber.
4. More expensive than multimode fiber due to more expensive LASER-based Transmitters
35
Fiber Optic Cable Standards:
IEEE 802.3 Standards in 1983
| Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
36
1 Gbps Speed:
Informal Name: 1000Base-LX
IEEE Standard: 802.3z
Cable Type: Multimode or Singlemode
Maximum Length: 550m (MM) AND 5km (SM)
37
10 Gbps Speed:
Informal Name: 10GBase-SR
IEEE Standard: 802.3ae
Cable Type: Multimode
Maximum Length: 400m
38
10 Gbps Speed:
Informal Name: 10GBase-LR
IEEE Standard: 802.3ae
Cable Type: Singlemode
Maximum Length: 10km
39
10Gbps Speed:
Informal Name: 10GBase-ER
IEEE Standard: 802.3ae
Cable Type: Singlemode
Maximum Length: 30km
40
it categorized and provide structure for a networking protocols and standards.
Networking Model
41
Two Networking Models :
- OSI
| - TCP/IP Suite
42
a set of "logical" rules defining how network devices and software should work
Protocols
43
known as Open System Interconnection
- a conceptual model that categorizes and standardizes the different functions in a network
- Created by ISO (Internal Organization for Standardization)
OSI
44
OSI 7 Layers :
| Please Do Not Throw Salami Pizza Away
- Application
- Presentation
- Session
- Transport
- Network
- Data Link
- Physical
45
this layer is closest to the end user
-interacts with software applications, for example your web browser (Brave, Firefox , Chrome, etc.)
HTTP and HTTPS are example of Layer 7
Application Layer
46
Function of Application Layer :
Identifying Communication Partners and Synchronizing Communication
47
the original data is encapsulated inside the additional information which is added on
Encapsulation
48
the additional information is removed as the data is processed up the stack
De-encapsulation
49
Encapsulation and De-encapsulation are both example of ?
Adjacent Layer Interaction
50
The Communication system between application of two different system is called ,
Same-Layer Interaction
51
its job is to translate between application and network formats because the application layer is in application format it also translate different application formats. it is the Layer 6 of OSI model
Presentation Layer- Translates data to appropriate format
52
Function of Presentation Layer:
Encryption of data as it sent and De-encryption of data as it is received.
53
its job is to controls dialogues (Session) between communicating host
it establishes,manages and terminates connections between the local application (ex. your web browser) and the remote application (ex. youtube , facebook).
Session Layer
54
the top layers or the upper layers of the osi model:
| ENCAPSULATION
- application
- presentation
- session
55
"Segments and Reassembles data" for communications between end host
break large pieces of data into smaller segments which can be more easily sent over the network and are less likely to cause transmission problems if error occurs .
provides "host-to-host" communication also known as "end to end" communication and also process to process communication for applications
Transport - layer 5 - end to end or host to host
| has L4 header called "Segment"
56
- provides connectivity between end host on different networks (ie. outside of the LAN)
- provides logical addressing (IP Addresses).
- provides path selection between source and destination
- routers operate in this layer
Network layer 4
| has L4 and L3 header called "Packet"
57
- provides node to node connectivity and data transfer (for example , PC to Switch , Switch to Router , and Router to Router ).
- defines how data is formatted for transmission over a physical medium ( for example , copper UTP Cables )
- Detects and (possibly) corrects physical layer errors
- uses layer 2 addressing ,separate from layer 3 addressing
- switches operate in this layer
Data Link - layer 2
| has L4 , L3 , L2 header and L2 Trailer called "Frame"
58
Defines physical characteristics of the medium used to transfer data between devices for example voltage levels , maximum transmission distances , physical connectors , cable specifications etc.
Digital bits are converted into Electrical for wired connections or radio ( for wireless connections ) signals
Physical Layer - Layer 1
59
OSI Protocol Data Unit : Encapsulation
4. DATA
3. SEGMENT
2. PACKET
1. FRAME
60
OSI Protocol Data Unit :De-encapsulation
1. FRAME
2. PACKET
3. SEGMENT
4. DATA
61
Layer 4 PDU
Segment
62
Layer 3 PDU
Packet
63
Layer 2 PDU
Frame
64
Layer 1 PDU
Bit
65
- conceptual model and set of communications protocols used in the internet and other networks.
- developed by the United States Department of Defense through DARPA ( Defense Advance Research Projects Agency )
- Similar Structure to the OSI Model but with fewer layers
- this is the model actually in use in modern networks
TCP/IP Suite
66
TCP/IP Layers :
- Application
- Transport
- Internet
- Link
67
in TCP/IP Model application layer is equivalent to what layers in the OSI Model?
- application
- presentation
- session
68
in TCP/IP Model internet layer is equivalent to what layers in the OSI Model?
-network
69
in TCP/IP Model transport layer is equivalent to what layers in the OSI Model?
-transport
70
in TCP/IP Model link layer is equivalent to what layers in the OSI Model?
- data link
| - physical
