Civics And Citizenship Flashcards

Question

Reconciliation day

Answer 1

- celebrate the culture, history and achievements of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Reconciliation is about unity and respect between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders and non-Indigenous Australians - refers back to the achievement of the 1967 Referendum and that the Australians are sorry for discrimination and they want to be racism free country.

Answer 2

Report of the National Inquiry into the Separation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Children from Their Families made in 1997 April. This report is a tribute to the strength and struggles of many thousands of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people affected by forcible removal. It acknowledges the hardships they endured and the sacrifices they made. It remembers and lament all the children who will never come home or see their culture in the perspective they should see.

Answer 3

The Aus freedom riders were led by Charles Perkins who modelled the Aus freedom riders after the 1961 American freedom riders. He took the bus all throughout the rural towns of NSW where racist attitudes were most prominent in early 1965 In Walgett they were banned from the RSL club and so protested outside before their bus was run off In Moree they weren’t allowed in the council swimming pool and so staged protests at the town hall and local pool before being attacked by locals and forced out of town

Answer 4

On 3 June 1992, the High Court of Australia decided that terra nullius should not have been applied to Australia. This decision – known as the Mabo decision – recognised that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples have rights to the land – rights that existed before the British arrived and can still exist today. it acknowledged their unique connection with the land. It also led to the Australian Parliament passing the Native Title Act in 1993. - Until 1992, land laws claimed that Australia was terra nullius or ‘land belonging to no one’. Effectively, these laws denied the fact that Indigenous peoples had prior occupation and connection to the land. - The Mabo decision was named after Torres Strait Islander Eddie ‘Koiki’ Mabo who led the fight to change land laws to recognise Indigenous connection and traditional ownership of land in Australia. He worked on the Mabo case for 10 years, but unfortunately passed away just months before he could learn the High Court’s decision on his legal battle. - The 1992 Mabo decision led to the Native Title Act (1993) which created a framework that recognises Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples have rights to, and interests in, certain land because of their traditional laws and customs. It allows access to land for living, traditional purposes, hunting or fishing and/or to teach laws and customs on the land - Today, native title has been recognised over more than one million square kilometres of Australian land and water (approximately 15% of Australian territorial land and waters). There are currently 629 registered Indigenous Land Use Agreements – a voluntary agreement between a native title group and others about the use of land and waters – in place.

Answer 5

Things that did not change: - still are discriminated in their own country - case went on for years - so much land loss and expense - hard to get land back because their was strict restrictions in order to give Things that Did Change - have rights to their land - recognised over 2 million km of land - no terra nullis ...the aboriginals are known as the traditional land owners.

Answer 6

On 13 February 2008, the Parliament of Australia issued a formal apology to Indigenous Australians for forced removals of Australian indigenous children from their families and the mistreatment of the Aboriginal people of the country by The Australianfederal and state government agencies. The apology was delivered by Prime Minister Kevin Rudd.

Answer 7

Outline – to give the essential features of, but not in detail

Answer 8

Describe – to give a detailed account of, give characteristics and features of, using appropriate examples

Answer 9

Explain – to give a detailed account of, using examples, and give reasons to justify or excuse an action or event (the how and the why)

Answer 10

Assess the extent – to explain both sides of an issue, support with evidence, and reach a logical conclusion

Answer 11

The Little Rock Nine were a group of nine black students who enrolled at formerly all-white Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, in September 1957. Their attendance at the school was a test of Brown v. Board of Education, a landmark 1954 Supreme Court ruling that declared segregation in public schools unconstitutional. These Children were abused in all kind of ways, yet they persevere d and did their best to stay and challenged system. They did for the good which won in the end.

Answer 12

The Tent Embassy is a symbol of Aboriginal protest against successive governments and their approach to Indigenous issues. It was first established in 1972 and is made up of signs and tents on the lawn opposite Old Parliament House in Canberra, the Australian capital.

Answer 13

- The freedom Riders in America -> Influenced the Freedom Riders in Australia - Black Panthers America -> Influenced Black Panthers in Australia - Emmet Till Case -> opened up eyes internationally on how unfair black people were being treated - Brown V Education Board -> Inspired to not have Segregation

Answer 14

Inspired By America ; Freedom Riders, Black Panthers 1967 Referendum Wake Hill Walk Off The Mabo Decision Etc

Answer 15

Respect: respecting the aboriginal Culture, traditions and lifestyles Fairness: giving them a fair go as they are humans just as any Australian and the same opportunity Freedom: The government should not interfere in their day to day lives as a problem Eg before referendum 1967 Equality: no matter what colour, tradition or gender they are, they are humans to, they should be looked upon like a human and nothing else inferior. Give them the same Justice Principles - separation of powers : not one body should give them order and consequences they should be given a fair chance by being judged a responsible members so that they are given the consequences of their action - protect rights and freedoms - should not interfere in day to day life and control their every movement instead give them the same standards and not be in their life all the time - represent their Values And rights ; the party voted should also take in to consider the needs of the indigenous party which in this case was fairness - accountable ; every action they make must have adequate answer form the government

Answer 16

The Wik Decision is a decision of the Australian High Court[?] in December 1996, following a case brought by the Wik[?] people of Cape York It concerns only their right of access to the land held under pastoral leases (ie Crown land used - but not owned - by pastoralists for cattle grazing). The court decided (4 judges to 3) that indigenous people who can prove a connection to the land may have rights to hold ceremonies and perform other traditional activities - as long as they don't interfere with the pastoralists' legitimate activities. In other words, pastoral leases do not automatically give exclusive possession to the pastoralist, and therefore do not necessarily extinguish native title The Wik Decision holds that native title might co-exist on pastoral leases, but the rights of pastoral leaseholders prevail over any inconsistent rights that native title holders might have.

Answer 17

23 August 1966 highlighted aboriginal discrimination in society and also brought attention to land rights It was initially in response to the British Vestey company’s refusal to pay the Gurindji peoples but then Vincent lingiari came along to lead them and had the fundamental goal to return traditional lands

Answer 18

- established Federal System of Gov - outlined law making powers - structure of Commonwealth parliament (2 chambers, Crown) - created high court to resolve disputes - outlined basic rights of people by placing restrictions on the law making powers of commonwealth - ensured the government system based on principle of representative and responsible gov and separation of powers

Civics And Citizenship Flashcards

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