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Citizenship and Government > civics: final review sheet > Flashcards

civics: final review sheet Flashcards

(81 cards)

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0
Q

Government

A

The institution where a society makes: public policy

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1
Q

State

A

A body of people living in a defined territory who have a government with the power to make and enforce law and are sovereign

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2
Q

Public policy

A

Anything the government does

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3
Q

Executive

A

Power to enforce law

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4
Q

Legislative power

A

Power to make laws

Us congress

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5
Q

Judicial power

A

Interprets law

Supreme Court

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6
Q

Sovereignty

A

Highest political authority

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7
Q

Democracy

A

Majority of people allowed to participate

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8
Q

Dictatorship

A

One person or small elite group participate in government

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9
Q

Oligarchy

A

Small group of elite

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10
Q

Autocracy

A

One person participates in government

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11
Q

Rule of law

A

People who make the law must obey it

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12
Q

Presidential government

A

A system of government where executive and legislative branches are separate

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13
Q

Constitution

A

set of customs, fundamental laws, values, principles to which define a governement

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14
Q

Parliamentary government

A

A system of government having the executive power in a cabinet of member s of the legislature

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15
Q

Concurring opinion

A

Written by someone else in majority that has something to add

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16
Q

Dissenting opinion

A

Written by most senior member of the minority

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17
Q

Original jurisdiction.

A

First court to hear a case

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18
Q

Appellate jurisdiction

A

The court can only hear case if it was appealed w

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19
Q

Incumbent

A

The current office holder

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20
Q

Suffrage

A

The right to vote

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21
Q

Gerrymandering

A

The drawing of electoral district lines to the advantage I’d a party or group

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22
Q

Judicial review

A

The power of a court to determine the constitutionality of a government action or law

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23
Q

Partisanship

A

Government action based on firm allegiance to a political party

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24
Filibuster
speaking a bill to death, only in the senate | silent filibuster- 40 senators agree to filibuster and not vote on the bill
25
popular sovereignty
type of government where people are the source of any and all governmental power, government can exist only with the consent of the governed
26
limited government
government is restricted in what it may do and each individual/ has rights that the states cannot take away constitutionalism and popular sovereignty
27
representative government
system of government where public policies are made by officials selected by the voters and held accountable in periodic elections
28
bipartisan
supported by two parties
29
coalition
a temporary alliance of several groups who come together to form a working majority and so to control the government
30
veto
chief executive,s power to reject a bill passed by legislature
31
pardon
release from the punishment or legal consequence of a federal crime, by the President
32
cabinent
presidential advisory body, made up of heads of the executive departments
33
impeach
to bring formal charges against a public official | House of Representatives has sole power to impeach
34
Sectionalism
Loyalty to your region, not your country
35
Poll tax
Tax to vote used to block african americans from voting
36
Literacy tests
Tests on,y given to blacks to prevent them from voting and they always failed
37
Grandfather clause
Law saying to vote your grandfather must have been able to vote
38
Amendment
A formal change or addition to the constitution
39
Treaty
A formal agreement between two or more sovereign states
41
Quorum
The least number of members who must be present in order to conduct business
42
agrarian economy
mostly farming- South in the 1800s
43
pocket veto
the president does not say no to a bill and congress goes on recess within 10 days- can't go back to legislative
44
major parties
political party that has a reasonable chance of being elected to a national offfice
45
party in power
president's political party
46
political party
a group of citizens who agree on major ideas facing the nation
47
minor party
third parties any party that exists and is not two major parties want to influence what people talk about, draw their issue forward
48
two party system
only two major political parties
49
multiparty system
more than two main political parties hard to win majority often coalitions
50
one-party system
only one party has reasonable chance of winning | often in dictatorship
51
constitiuency
the people that an elected official represents
52
aquit
find not guilty of a charge
53
bicameral
two house legislature
54
unicameral
one house legislature
55
equal representation
relies on nothing, every state has same amount of representation
56
proportional representation
representation based on something else
57
apportionment
distribute seats of house of representatives, based on census done every ten years
58
appeal
have a higher court review your case
59
electorate
all the people entitles to vote in an election
60
propoganda
persuasive media
61
off-year election
election year when the presidency isn't up for election
62
nationalsim
prioritize what is better for the nation over region
63
strict constructionalists
Democrat-Republican early political party thought there were no implied powers in the Constitution, they were all expressed
64
liberal constructionalists
Federalist political party thought there were implied powers
65
federal governenment
power is shared between a centralized place and smaller areas of power, DC over states
66
Confederate government
power is shared between smaller areas and one centralized place of power
67
unitary government
all power in one place
68
President pro Tempore
temporary or substitute presiding officer of the senate
69
Speaker of the house
presiding officer in the house
70
whip
helps minority/ majority leaders (are in both houses)
71
standing committee
permanent one house gather information about common type of bill
72
joint committee
permanent both houses gather information about common bill
73
select committees
temporary one house gather information on uncommon bill
74
conference committee
temporary both houses rectify difference between versions of bills
75
rule of cloture
ends a filibuster need 60 senators to agree once enacted voting will occur
76
floor leader
minority and majority leaders
77
president of the senate
presiding officer in the senate vice president Joe Biden (D)
78
electoral college
group of people chosen in each State every four years to elect the president
79
expressed power
specifically written in constitution
80
inherent power
part of what it is and is supposed to do
81
implied power
assumed because of the expressed powers

Citizenship and Government (15 decks)

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