civics unit 7

Question 1

Explain the two ways a person can become a U.S. citizen

Answer 1

By birth, or naturalization process

Question 2

What is the difference between an alien and an immigrant

Answer 2

Person from another country that comes to the US to stay or visit for a while, a person who moves to the US perminetly

Question 3

What are the 5 steps in the naturalization process

Answer 3

Sign a Declaration of Intent, Take citizenship classes, Take citizenship test, Background check, Ceremony and Oath in court

Question 4

Who can have their U.S. citizenship revoked? Who can’t

Answer 4

A naturalized citizen can, a natural born cannot

Question 5

What is expatriation?

Answer 5

to give up one’s citizenship by leaving one’s native country to live in a foreign country

Question 6

List in order the groups in the U.S. that have been given basic rights/citizenship over the years

Answer 6

white men some states required land ownership, black men added based on the 14th and 15th Amendments, women and many Native Americans were still not considered full citizens, Women were granted suffrage by the 19th Amendment, Native Americans were granted citizenship with the Indian Citizenship Act of 1924, The Civil Rights movement, of the 1950s and 1960s secured basic rights for African-Americans, Suffrage granted to 18 year olds by the 26th Amendment in 1971

Question 7

Approximately how many illegal aliens are in the U.S

Answer 7

12 mil

Question 8

What is ICE and what department do they fall under

Answer 8

investigates cases, part of Dept. of Homeland Security, Immigration and Customs Enforcement

Question 9

What are 3 things that legal aliens cannot do in this country

Answer 9

Cannot vote in elections or run for office, Cannot work most government jobs, or serve on a jury

Question 10

What does the Legal Immigration and Revision Act of 1990 do, What special consideration is given?

Answer 10

Increased the quota of immigrants allowed to enter the U.S., to those with needed job skills

Question 11

Explain how we are a nation of immigrants

Answer 11

We live in a diverse society

Question 12

.In chronological order, explain how immigration patterns have changed in the U.S.

Answer 12

After the Revolutionary War, most immigrants to the U.S. were coming from northern and western Europe, Between 1890 and 1924 most immigrants to the U.S. came from eastern and southern Europe

Question 13

The U.S. population has increased largely due to what

Answer 13

Agricultural techiques

Question 14

How has our economy transformed over the years

Answer 14

12 million people to 120 million people

Question 15

What is the fastest growing ethnic group in the country

Answer 15

Hispanics

Question 16

.In what documents can our national identity be found

Answer 16

Declaration of Independence, The U.S. Constitution, The Bill of Rights

Question 17

List 5 things that can affect the development of a person’s ideas and values

Answer 17

Family, Religion, Education, Government, Social

Question 18

What was Thomas Hobbes’ views on government

Answer 18

Believed in a “social contract” between people and government, Wrote about the need to have government because people are naturally bad

Question 19

List John Locke’s four ideas on government and natural rights

Answer 19

People have the natural rights to life, liberty, and property ownership,People create the government to protect their rights,Government derives/gets its power from the people, If a government deprives people of their basic rights, the government could/should be overthrown

Question 20

What are the four functions of government

Answer 20

Keep order, Provide Security, Provide Services, Guide the Community

Question 21

What are the two modern types of government

Answer 21

Authoritarian or Democratic

Question 22

What are the two types of a democracy

Answer 22

Direct, indirect

Question 23

Explain the difference between a direct and an indirect democracy

Answer 23

All citizens have a vote in making the laws for direct, All citizens vote for representatives who make the laws for them

Question 24

List the 5 principles of American democracy

Answer 24

Rule of Law, Limited Government, Consent of the governed, Individual Rights, Representative government

Question 25

What are the 3 types of authoritarian governments

Answer 25

Absolute Monarchy, Dictatorship, Totalitarian

Question 26

What were Jim Crow laws? When were they passed

Answer 26

to deny rights to African-Americans

Question 27

What was the decision in Plessy v Ferguson 1896

Answer 27

The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that segregation was legal so long as the facilities were “separate but equal”

Question 28

What did Executive Order 9981 do

Answer 28

President Harry Truman ordered an end to segregation in the nation’s armed forces

Question 29

What was the ruling in Brown v Board of Education, Topeka, Kansas 1954

Answer 29

The Supreme Court ruled that segregation violated the 14th Amendment principle of “equal protection under the law”

Question 30

What sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott and who led it

Answer 30

local African-American community, Martin Luther King, Jr.

Question 31

What happened at Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas

Answer 31

AR Governor Faubus ordered the AR National Guard to keep 9 black students out of the segregated white school and President Eisenhower sent in federal paratroopers and nationalized the AR National Guard and ordered them to protect the 9 black students

Question 32

Who were Freedom Riders and what were they protesting

Answer 32

African-Americans and whites sympathetic to the cause traveled by bus into the South, segregated bus terminals

Question 33

Who is viewed as the leader of the Civil Rights Movement.What methods did he advocate

Answer 33

Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., civil disobedience and non-violent resistance

Question 34

What did the Greensboro Four do

Answer 34

African-American college freshmen sat at a segregated Woolworth’s lunch counter in Greensboro to protest

Question 35

Who was Medgar Evers and what happened to him

Answer 35

Worked for the NAACP, he was murderd

Question 36

What was the purpose of the Selma to Montgomery march? What was done in order to protect the marchers

Answer 36

encourage African-American voter registration in Alabama , federal troops protected

Question 37

How did Malcolm X’s views change

Answer 37

preaching blacks and whites needed to work together

Question 38

What did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 do

Answer 38

It banned discrimination by race, color, gender, religion and national origin, Strengthened the 14th Amendment equal protection under the law

Question 39

How did the 24th Amendment help black voters

Answer 39

banned poll taxes in America

Question 40

How did the Voting Rights Act of 1965 strengthen the 15th Amendment

Answer 40

ensured all citizens the right to vote, regardless of race at the state and local levels

Question 41

What is affirmative action

Answer 41

these programs encouraged the hiring and promoting of minorities and women

Question 42

What is a hate crime

Answer 42

acts of violence based on a person’s race, color, national origin, gender, sexuality or disability

Question 43

Explain the decision in Dred Scott v Sandford 1857

Answer 43

the court ruled that enslaved people, and by extension, people of African descent, were not and could never be citizens of the United States, and therefore lacked the right to sue in federal court

Question 44

Explain the decision in Elk v Wilkins 1884

Answer 44

ruled that an Indian born within the United States, who had severed tribal ties and lived among white citizens, was not automatically a citizen under the Fourteenth Amendment unless formally naturalized

Question 45

Explain the decision in U.S. v Wong Kim Ark 1898

Answer 45

the Court ruled that the Fourteenth Amendment's Citizenship Clause grants birthright citizenship to anyone born in the United States, regardless of their parents' nationality or citizenship status

Question 46

What issue does the three cases above all deal with

Answer 46

They all had to do with the fourteenth amendment

Question 47

Explain the decision in Lochner v New York 1905.

Answer 47

The Supreme Court struck down a New York law limiting bakers' work hours, arguing that it violated the Fourteenth Amendment's Due Process Clause by infringing on the freedom of contract.

Question 48

Explain the decision in Griswold v Connecticut 1965

Answer 48

the Supreme Court ruled that a state law prohibiting the use of contraceptives violated the right to privacy, which it found to be implicit in the Constitution, specifically within the "penumbras" of the Bill of Rights, establishing a fundamental right to marital privacy

Question 49

Explain the decision in Roe v Wade 1973

Answer 49

ruled that a woman's right to choose an abortion was protected under the Fourteenth Amendment's right to privacy, but this right was not absolute, and states could regulate or ban abortion in the later stages of pregnancy

Question 50

What issue does the three cases above all deal with

Answer 50

All of theres deals with the 14th amendment als

Question 51

Explain the decision in Kelo v New London 2005

Answer 51

ruled in favor of the city saying the 5th Amendment doesn’t require a literal public use; it can be for a public purpose

Question 52

Explain the decision in Dobbs v Jackson Women’s Health Organization 2022

Answer 52

Justice Clarence Thomas urged the Supreme Court to reconsider their rulings in previous cases that established the right to use birth control and gay marriage

Question 53

Explain the decision in New York State Rifle & Pistol Association Inc. v Bruen 2022

Answer 53

the Supreme Court ruled that the 2nd Amendment protects the right to carry handguns in public for self-defense

Question 54

Explain the decision in Kennedy v Bremerton School District 2022.

Answer 54

in favor of Kennedy because his prayers were private rather than part of government speech and weren’t part of his duties as a school district employee