Civil Disobedience Movement Flashcards
(138 cards)
1
Q
Who led the Salt March in 1930, which marked the beginning of the Civil Disobedience Movement?
A
Mahatma Gandhi
2
Q
In which year did Mahatma Gandhi launch the Civil Disobedience Movement?
A
1930
3
Q
What was the primary objective of the Salt March led by Mahatma Gandhi in 1930?
A
To protest the salt tax
4
Q
Which Indian city was the starting point of the Salt March on 12th March 1930?
A
Sabarmati Ashram, Ahmedabad
5
Q
Which was the first major act of defiance against British rule during the Civil Disobedience Movement?
A
The Salt March
6
Q
Which famous slogan was used during the Civil Disobedience Movement to mobilize the masses against British rule?
A
“Do or Die”
7
Q
What was the response of the British government to the Salt March and the subsequent civil disobedience by the Indian population?
A
Mass arrests, including Gandhi
8
Q
Which significant leader was arrested along with many others in 1930, marking a significant phase in the movement?
A
Mahatma Gandhi
9
Q
The 1930 Civil Disobedience Movement was inspired by which earlier non-violent resistance movement led by Gandhi?
A
Non-Cooperation Movement
10
Q
What was the outcome of the 1931 Gandhi-Irwin Pact that ended the first phase of the Civil Disobedience Movement?
A
Agreement to end the civil disobedience and release prisoners
11
Q
Which significant event took place at the Round Table Conference in London in 1931, attended by Gandhi?
A
Gandhi-Irwin Pact
12
Q
What was the main reason for the suspension of the Civil Disobedience Movement in 1931?
A
Gandhi-Irwin Pact
13
Q
What was the role of women in the Civil Disobedience Movement, and which prominent female leader participated?
A
Women participated in marches and protests; Sarojini Naidu was a key figure.
14
Q
Which was the first major city where the Indian National Congress declared non-cooperation against British salt laws in 1930?
A
Dandi
15
Q
The Second Round Table Conference, held in 1931, aimed to resolve issues arising from which movement?
A
Civil Disobedience Movement
16
Q
What was the significance of the Salt Law in the context of the Civil Disobedience Movement in India?
A
The Salt Law symbolized British exploitation and was a focal point of defiance.
17
Q
After the suspension of the Civil Disobedience Movement in 1931, which key political figure was imprisoned by the British government?
A
Mahatma Gandhi
18
Q
What was the major cause behind the revival of the Civil Disobedience Movement in 1932 after its suspension?
A
Failure of the Round Table Conference and the British government’s refusal to grant political concessions
19
Q
Which movement in 1932 was initiated by Gandhi to challenge British policies after the breakdown of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact?
A
The Salt Satyagraha of 1932
20
Q
What was the reaction of the British government to the continued defiance during the Civil Disobedience Movement?
A
Arrests, repression, and violence
21
Q
In 1930, what action did Gandhiji take to defy the British salt monopoly, inspiring a nationwide movement?
A
He produced salt at Dandi
22
Q
In which city was the iconic “Dandi March” culminated, where Gandhi symbolically broke the salt law?
A
Dandi (Gujarat)
23
Q
Who was the Viceroy of India during the launch of the Civil Disobedience Movement in 1930?
A
Lord Irwin
24
Q
Which prominent leader was appointed to lead the All India Congress Committee during the Civil Disobedience Movement?
A
Jawaharlal Nehru
25
How did the British government respond to the mass participation of Indians in the Civil Disobedience Movement?
Repression, arrests, and violence
26
Which social and economic group was significantly involved in the Salt March, alongside the Indian National Congress?
The working class and peasants
27
What were the primary goals of the Civil Disobedience Movement between 1930-1934, beyond the Salt March?
To achieve full independence and end British colonial laws
28
What was the British strategy of repression towards the Civil Disobedience Movement and its impact on Indian society?
Harsh laws, mass arrests, and suppression of protests
29
In which year did the Salt Satyagraha, led by Mahatma Gandhi, begin at Dandi?
1930
30
Which Indian state was the primary location for the Salt March during the Civil Disobedience Movement?
Gujarat
31
Which significant event marked the beginning of the Salt Satyagraha on 12th March 1930?
The Dandi March
32
Who accompanied Mahatma Gandhi during the Salt March from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi?
His followers and disciples
33
Which key figure in the Salt Satyagraha movement was imprisoned by the British government for breaking the salt law?
Mahatma Gandhi
34
How did the Salt Satyagraha movement spread across various Indian states after the initial march to Dandi?
By spontaneous salt production and breaking salt laws
35
In which state did the first Salt Satyagraha march after Dandi take place, spreading the movement further?
Maharashtra
36
Which prominent leader was associated with the Salt Satyagraha in the state of Bihar?
Rajendra Prasad
37
What was the main objective of the Salt Satyagraha movement in terms of British colonial policies?
To protest the salt tax and British monopolies
38
Which notable event marked the culmination of the Salt Satyagraha in the city of Dharasana, Gujarat?
The brutal suppression of peaceful protesters by British authorities
39
In which year did the British government respond to the growing Salt Satyagraha movement by arresting thousands of leaders?
1930
40
Which prominent leader from Tamil Nadu played a crucial role in the Salt Satyagraha in the region?
C. Rajagopalachari
41
What was the significance of the Salt Satyagraha in bringing together different sections of Indian society?
It unified people across caste, class, and religious lines
42
What was the role of Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan in India’s independence movement, and what movement did he lead in the North-West Frontier Province?
He led the Khudai Khidmatgar (Servants of God) movement in the North-West Frontier Province.
43
Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan was famously known as the "Frontier Gandhi." What was the primary focus of his political activism?
Non-violence and self-rule for India
44
What was the main aim of the Khudai Khidmatgar movement led by Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan in the North-West Frontier Province?
To promote non-violent resistance against British rule
45
In which region of India was Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan’s Khudai Khidmatgar movement primarily active?
North-West Frontier Province (now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan)
46
How did the British authorities react to the Khudai Khidmatgar movement led by Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan?
Harsh repression, arrests, and violence
47
Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan worked closely with Mahatma Gandhi. What was their relationship during India’s freedom struggle?
They shared a common goal of non-violent resistance to British rule
48
What role did the Khudai Khidmatgar movement play in the broader context of the Civil Disobedience Movement in India?
It supported Gandhi's non-violent methods and spread the message of freedom across the NWFP.
49
Which prominent figure, apart from Gandhi, played a pivotal role in the Salt Satyagraha movement in the state of Uttar Pradesh?
Jawaharlal Nehru
50
In which Indian state did the Salt Satyagraha witness massive participation from the lower caste and backward classes, empowering them in the movement?
Tamil Nadu
51
How did the Salt Satyagraha movement in the coastal states like Orissa and Kerala differ from the rest of India?
Coastal regions saw massive participation in salt production and defiance against British salt laws
52
What was the significance of the Salt Satyagraha in the context of India's struggle for independence from British rule?
It marked a new phase of mass non-violent civil disobedience and resistance
53
Which leader from Andhra Pradesh played a significant role in the Salt Satyagraha, particularly in breaking salt laws?
Potti Sreeramulu
54
How did the Khudai Khidmatgar movement contribute to the nationalistic movement against British rule in India?
It helped strengthen the resolve of the frontier regions against colonial repression
55
What was the ultimate fate of Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan after India’s independence in 1947?
He moved to Pakistan, faced political challenges, and was later confined under house arrest
56
Which Indian leader had a close association with Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, supporting his efforts for a non-violent struggle?
Mahatma Gandhi
57
What was the nature of the relationship between the Khudai Khidmatgar movement and the All India Muslim League during the freedom struggle?
The Khudai Khidmatgar movement was not aligned with the Muslim League, as it advocated for non-violent resistance, while the League focused on separate Muslim representation
58
How did the Salt Satyagraha and the Khudai Khidmatgar movement collectively influence the struggle for India's independence?
Both movements spread non-violent resistance, inspiring millions and creating a unified front against British rule
59
In which year did the First Round Table Conference take place in London?
1930
60
What was the primary objective of the Round Table Conferences?
To discuss constitutional reforms for India
61
Which prominent leader led the Indian delegation to the First Round Table Conference in 1930?
Mahatma Gandhi
62
Why was the First Round Table Conference boycotted by the Indian National Congress?
Due to Gandhi’s arrest and lack of representation of Congress
63
Which British Prime Minister invited Indian leaders to the Round Table Conferences?
Ramsay MacDonald
64
What was the result of the First Round Table Conference regarding Indian self-rule?
No significant agreement was reached
65
Which key issue was discussed during the Second Round Table Conference in 1931?
Constitutional reforms and the representation of minorities
66
Why did Mahatma Gandhi attend the Second Round Table Conference in 1931?
To negotiate with the British government after the Gandhi-Irwin Pact
67
Which Indian political leader did not attend the Second Round Table Conference despite being invited?
Jawaharlal Nehru
68
Which major agreement was signed during the Second Round Table Conference in 1931?
Gandhi-Irwin Pact
69
What was the outcome of the Second Round Table Conference for the Indian National Congress?
Agreement to end the Civil Disobedience Movement temporarily
70
Which notable leader represented the Muslim League during the Round Table Conferences?
Muhammad Ali Jinnah
71
How did the British government view the Indian demands during the Round Table Conferences?
Skeptical, focused on maintaining British control
72
What was the British response to the Indian demand for full independence during the Round Table Conferences?
Refusal, proposing only constitutional reforms
73
Which key event took place in India before the Second Round Table Conference that influenced the British government’s willingness to negotiate?
The success of the Civil Disobedience Movement
74
What was the significance of the communal award announced during the Second Round Table Conference?
It provided separate electorates for Dalits and Muslims
75
How did the communal award of 1932 affect relations between Hindus and Muslims in India?
It deepened the divide and led to resentment among Hindu leaders
76
Which Indian leader famously opposed the communal award and initiated the Poona Pact in 1932?
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
77
What was the Poona Pact of 1932, and how did it affect Indian politics?
Agreement to provide joint electorates with reserved seats for Dalits
78
In which year did the Third Round Table Conference take place?
1932
79
Why did Mahatma Gandhi boycott the Third Round Table Conference?
Due to the continuation of British repression and his imprisonment
80
Which Indian leader attended the Third Round Table Conference on behalf of the Indian National Congress?
None, as Congress had boycotted it
81
What was the British government’s approach towards Indian demands for self-rule during the Third Round Table Conference?
It remained largely unchanged, favoring gradual reforms
82
What role did the communal question play in the discussions at the Round Table Conferences?
It became a major point of contention, leading to separate electorates for minorities
83
Which key Indian leaders participated in the Round Table Conferences alongside Gandhi and Jinnah?
Sardar Patel, Jawaharlal Nehru, and Subhas Chandra Bose
84
What was the general outcome of the Third Round Table Conference for the future of India’s political landscape?
No substantial progress; British maintained control over the political process
85
In which year was the Gandhi-Irwin Pact signed?
1931
86
What was the primary purpose of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact of 1931?
To end the Civil Disobedience Movement temporarily
87
Who represented the British government in the Gandhi-Irwin Pact?
Lord Irwin
88
What did Mahatma Gandhi agree to in the Gandhi-Irwin Pact of 1931?
To suspend the Civil Disobedience Movement
89
What was a significant outcome of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact regarding political prisoners?
Release of political prisoners
90
In which city did the Gandhi-Irwin Pact negotiations take place?
New Delhi
91
What did the Gandhi-Irwin Pact lead to in terms of the Round Table Conference?
Gandhi's participation in the Second Round Table Conference
92
Which major demand of the Congress was ignored in the Gandhi-Irwin Pact?
Full independence for India
93
Which Indian leader was the main architect of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact from the Congress side?
Mahatma Gandhi
94
When was the Karachi Special Congress Session held in 1931?
11658
95
What was the significance of the Karachi Session of the Indian National Congress?
Adoption of resolutions on fundamental rights
96
Which key issue was emphasized in the Karachi Congress Session of 1931?
Fundamental Rights and economic policies
97
Who presided over the Karachi Special Congress Session of 1931?
Jawaharlal Nehru
98
What did the Karachi Resolution in 1931 demand regarding independence?
Full independence for India
99
What was the key focus of the Karachi Special Congress Session on economic policy?
Promoting industrialization and national economic independence
100
Which important document did the Karachi Session of 1931 adopt related to citizens' rights?
The Fundamental Rights Resolution
101
Which Indian leader played a crucial role in drafting the Karachi Resolution of 1931?
Jawaharlal Nehru
102
In the Karachi Congress, which fundamental right was emphasized for all Indians?
Right to freedom of speech and assembly
103
What was the response of the British government to the resolutions passed at the Karachi Congress in 1931?
Continued repression and lack of political reforms
104
Which significant community's separate representation was a subject of concern at the Karachi Congress of 1931?
Muslims
105
When was the Communal Award announced by the British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald?
1932
106
What was the primary purpose of the Communal Award of 1932?
To grant separate electorates to various communities
107
How did the Indian National Congress respond to the Communal Award of 1932?
Strong opposition, leading to the Poona Pact
108
Which leader opposed the Communal Award and led negotiations with Gandhi for the Poona Pact?
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
109
What was the key provision of the Communal Award regarding Dalits?
Separate electorates for Dalits
110
What was the result of the Poona Pact of 1932 regarding the Communal Award?
Joint electorates for Dalits with reserved seats
111
In which year did the Poona Pact resolve the issues raised by the Communal Award?
1932
112
In which year was the Poona Pact signed?
1932
113
Who were the two main leaders involved in the Poona Pact of 1932?
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar and Gandhi
114
What was the main outcome of the Poona Pact?
Joint electorates for Dalits with reserved seats
115
How did the Poona Pact address the issue of Dalit representation?
It provided joint electorates with reserved seats for Dalits
116
What was the primary reason behind the signing of the Poona Pact in 1932?
To resolve differences over separate electorates for Dalits
117
Which key Indian leader was involved in fasting to oppose separate electorates for Dalits before the Poona Pact?
Mahatma Gandhi
118
When did Gandhiji begin his Harijan Campaign?
1932
119
What was the main objective of Gandhiji's Harijan Campaign?
To eradicate untouchability and promote social equality
120
What specific community did Gandhiji focus on during his Harijan Campaign?
Dalits (referred to as "Harijans")
121
In which Indian state did Gandhiji start his Harijan Campaign in 1932?
Maharashtra
122
How did Gandhiji promote the idea of "Harijans" during his campaign?
By emphasizing their inclusion in society and the need for social reform
123
What did Gandhiji do to spread his Harijan Campaign among the masses?
Held meetings, marches, and advocated for social equality
124
Which social evil was Gandhiji aiming to eradicate through his Harijan Campaign?
Untouchability
125
What was the reaction of orthodox Hindu leaders to Gandhiji's Harijan Campaign?
Mixed reactions, with some opposing it
126
What was the key outcome of Gandhiji’s Harijan Campaign in the long term?
Raised awareness about untouchability and led to reforms
127
Which significant outcome occurred during the Third Round Table Conference held in 1932?
British failed to grant significant political concessions
128
Why did Mahatma Gandhi boycott the Third Round Table Conference in 1932?
Due to continued British repression and lack of progress
129
Who represented the Indian National Congress at the Third Round Table Conference?
No one, as Congress had boycotted it
130
What was the stance of the British government during the Third Round Table Conference?
Reaffirmed its policy of gradual constitutional reforms
131
What was the major discussion topic at the Third Round Table Conference in 1932?
Constitutional reforms and the representation of minorities
132
How did the Third Round Table Conference impact India’s struggle for independence?
Limited progress; the demand for full independence was ignored
133
What was the British response to Indian demands for full self-rule during the Third Round Table Conference?
Rejected the demand for complete independence
134
When did the Third Round Table Conference take place?
1932
135
Which Indian leader was imprisoned during the Third Round Table Conference in 1932?
Mahatma Gandhi
136
What was the outcome of the Third Round Table Conference regarding Indian self-rule?
British maintained control with limited reforms
137
What was the main criticism of the Third Round Table Conference from Indian leaders?
It failed to address the core issue of self-rule
138
What was the key challenge faced by Indian representatives at the Third Round Table Conference?
Lack of unified representation and British indifference to demands
