Civil Rights Flashcards
(42 cards)
When was the emancipation proclamation created
September 22 1862
What was the emancipation proclamation
A proclamation that said that any slaves living in rebelling states (confederacy) shall be freed and that no authority can repress such people or take away their freedom.
What are the aspects of Jim Crow
Ripped and ragged clothes which symbolise the fact that he is poor. Dancing which suggests that he is silly and unintelligent. He is surrounded by animals which suggest that he is also an animal. The worst part is that he is smiling and this suggests that he is happy and encourages segregation
Define segregation
The action or state of setting someone or something apart form others
Why did ex-slaves lives not get much better after the proclamation
They did not have anywhere to go so they just stayed willingly at the plantations they worked at. The only differences were that they could leave and that the plantation owners wouldn’t lose money if they killed the slaves so they were more likely to die
How many black people were living in the south in 1900
90%
What were the Jim Crow laws
Laws that enforced segregation in the southern states
What was the 14th amendment and when was it implemented
1868 after the civil war and it was designed to protect the rights of slaves in the reunified USA. It claimed that all men are created equal and that all men have certain unalienable rights, life, liberty and happiness. Everyone was also deemed to have equal protection of the law
Why were the Jim Crow laws allowed under the 14th amendment
They were justified by seperate but equal
By who and when would the idea of seperate but equal be challenged
In Topeka, Kansas, 1954, Oliver Brown challenged at the Supreme Court after his 8 year old daughter was denied entry to her local school because she was black
How does the US legal system work
The House of Representatives approves a law and then the senate(legislative) and then the president can veto any law(executive). The Supreme Court (judicial) can argue Wether a law goes against the constitution
What is the NAACP
The National Association for the Advancement of Coloured People. A group founded in 1909 which raised awareness for civil rights abuses and helped to eliminate discrimination
What did NAACP argue in Supreme Court in the Brown vs Board of Education in 1954
That ‘seperate but equal’ created low self esteem and was physiologically harmful as it made black students feel inferior to white students and less deserving
When was seperate but equal finally eliminated
The 17th of may 1954
How and why was Martin Luther King punished for leading a boycott
He was charged for obstructing the work life of bus drivers and was charged $500 or 386 days of hard labour
Where was Little Rock high school
Arkansas
Who led the Little Rock 9, when was it and what happened
Elizabeth eckford led 9 students into the school on the 3rd of September 1957. Governor Orval Faubus ordered the state national guard to guard the entrance and “keep the peace.” Pres. Eisenhower sent 1000 troops to protect the black students.
What did Faubus do a year later
He closed the school and held a vote on wether to integrate or not. They were voted against and the school remained closed until august of 1959
Why were peaceful protests becoming more popular
Young people were getting more and more fed up with the slow progress of the movement but they still followed martins policy of non-violence. They wanted their struggle to be seen on a national scale
What was the first form of peaceful protest
Sit ins
How many sit in participants were there to begin with and what did that number grow to
4 —> 50,000
What was the second form of peaceful protest
Freedom rides
Why was the Birmingham location so important for the civil rights movement
It was a KKK stronghold and King described it as America’s most racist city.
When was the Birmingham march held
In April of 1963
