Civil RIGHTS Flashcards
(15 cards)
Plessy V. Ferguson
An 1896 case in which the Supreme Court ruled that separation of the races in public accommodations was legal, thus establishing the “separate but equal” doctrine.
De facto segregation
Racial separation established by city/community’s customs or culture, NOT by law.
De jure segregation
Racial separation established by actual laws.
Brown V. Board of Education of Topeka
A 1954 case in which the Supreme Court ruled that “separate but equal” education for black and white students was unconstitutional.
Rosa Parks
Black woman and NAACP officer who took a seat in the front row of a colored bus and refused to move to the back and give up her seat to a white passenger and thus got arrested.
Martin Luther King Jr.
Civil Rights leader whose goal was to achieve equal rights for African Americans in a peaceful manner.
Southern Christian leadership conference
An organization formed in 1957 by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., and other leaders to work for civil rights through nonviolent means.
Malcom X
Civil Rights Activist who believed that whites were the cause for the black condition and that blacks should separate from white society.
Black Panthers
A militant African American political organization formed in 1966 by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale to fight police brutality and to provide services in the ghetto.
Freedom Writers
Civil rights activists (both white and black) who rode buses through the South in the early 1960s to challenge segregation.
Civil Rights Act of 1964
A law that banned discrimination on the basis of race, sex, national origin, or religion in public places and most workplaces.
Voting right s act of 1965
Law that made it easier for African Americans to register to vote and eliminated literacy tests.
Cesar Chavez
Mexican American farm worker and civil rights activist who fought to unionize Mexican farm workers.
United farmworkers organizing committee
A labor union formed in 1966 to seek higher wages and better working conditions for Mexican American farm workers in California.
Mendez v Westminster
1946 federal court case that challenged racial segregation in Orange County, California schools and ruled that separate schools for Mexicans were unconstitutional.
