Civil Rights 1960s-74 Flashcards
(57 cards)
What event marked the beginning of the sit-ins in 1960?
On February 1st, 4 African American students began protesting racial segregation in restaurants by sitting at ‘White only’ counters.
Which organizations organized boycotts of segregated lunch counters alongside the sit-ins?
- NAACP
- CORE
What strategy did the SCLC train students to use in response to violence during sit-ins?
To respond with peace and protest more effectively.
Who arranged for Martin Luther King Jr. to speak to the Greensboro protestors?
Ella Baker.
What was the ‘jail not bail’ tactic used during the sit-ins?
A strategy that helped to spread the sit-ins by allowing more people to participate.
What was the main outcome of the Freedom Riders’ actions in 1961?
They aimed to provoke a violent reaction to generate publicity and force federal action for desegregation.
What violent incident occurred involving Freedom Riders in Anniston, Alabama?
One bus was burned and some riders were beaten by an angry crowd.
What did the Supreme Court ruling from 1946 confirm regarding interstate transport?
That interstate transport should be desegregated.
What was the outcome of the Meredith case in 1961?
James Meredith was ordered by the Supreme Court to be accepted into a segregated university, but the university initially refused.
What was Martin Luther King Jr.’s approach to civil rights during the 1960s?
He emphasized non-violence and planned protests to elicit a violent response from segregationists.
What significant event took place during the Birmingham Marches in 1963?
The use of police dogs and fire hoses against demonstrators, which caused global outrage.
What was the purpose of the March on Washington in 1963?
To demonstrate support for a civil rights bill and demand jobs and freedom.
What was the immediate impact of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
It ended legal segregation in public places and banned discrimination in employment.
What did the Voting Rights Act of 1965 establish?
One fair national test for voting registration and banned states from setting their own voting qualifications without federal approval.
How did Malcolm X view peaceful protest and integration?
He rejected peaceful protest and integration, advocating for Black Nationalism and justifying violence.
What significant change occurred in African American voter registration in Mississippi after the Voting Rights Act?
It rose from 6.7% in 1964 to 67.5% in 1968.
Fill in the blank: The Birmingham Peace Marches were part of Project C, a campaign led by the _____, _____, and _____ in 1963.
[SCLC], [SNCC], [ACMHR]
True or False: The March on Washington was the largest political gathering in U.S. history at the time.
True.
What was the primary goal of Freedom Summer in 1964?
To increase African American voter registration in Mississippi.
What did Martin Luther King Jr. do on March 25, 1965, in Montgomery?
Led around 25,000 people to the state capital.
What was the response of Birmingham’s white business owners after the Birmingham Marches?
They agreed to some desegregation to avoid economic losses.
What major event occurred on ‘Bloody Sunday’?
Protestors were violently attacked by state troops and police at the Edmund Pettus Bridge.
What did the Equal Opportunities Commission established by the Civil Rights Act do?
Investigated workplace discrimination.
What was Malcolm X’s role within the Nation of Islam?
He was a prominent member who helped increase its membership significantly.
