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Civics Single tests > Civil War > Flashcards

Civil War Flashcards

1
Q

In 1820, how many free and slave states were there?

A

11 free and 11 slave states

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2
Q

What were the 11 free states in 1820?

A

Connecticut
New Hampshire
Rhode Island
New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
Massachusetts
Vermont
Illinois
Ohio
Indiana

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3
Q

What were the 11 slave states in 1820?

A

Delaware
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia
Virginia
Maryland
Mississippi
Alabama
Kentucky
Louisiana
Tennessee

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4
Q

What is Political Equilibrium?

A

Balance of Power between parties or regions which means neither side can easily get their way

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5
Q

What comprimise did the Lousiana Purchase cause?

A

Missouri Compromise

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6
Q

Who made the Missouri Compromise?

A

Senator Henry Clay (KY)

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7
Q

What did the Missouri Compromise say?

A
  1. Maine enters as a free state #23
    2.Missouri enters as a slave state( to make equilibrium) #24
  2. Line drawn at 36* 30 across LA Purchase. Any state north of this line would become a free state and any state south of this line would become a slave state.
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8
Q

Who made the Wilmot Proviso?

A

Congressman David Wilmot (PA)

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9
Q

What was the Wilmot Proviso?

A

Bill to ban slavery in the Mexican Cession

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10
Q

Did the Wilmot Proviso ever become a law?

A

No, it passed through the house of rep but was stopped by the senate

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11
Q

What happened when gold was discovered in California and when was it discovered?

A

In 1849, there was a population explosion which meant that California needed a state govt to ensure law and order

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12
Q

What compromise did the gold rush cause?

A

The Compromise of 1850

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13
Q

What did the Compromise of 1850 do?

A
  1. Cal enters as a free state
  2. Pop Sovereignty in New Mexico and Utah territories
  3. No more slave trade in DC
  4. Settled border dispute between Texas and New Mexico (establishing borders of modern Texas)
    5.New Stricter Fugitive Slave Law
    1000$ Fine and jail for harboring or assisting a runaway
    10$ to any judge who sends a fugitive back
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14
Q

Who made the Compromise of 1850 and what was his nickname?

A

Senator Henry Clay AKA The Great Compromiser

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15
Q

What is a Fugitive Slave?

A

A slave that has run away to seek freedom, usually to the North or Canada

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16
Q

What is Popular Sovereignty?

A

The right of people to create their government

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17
Q

What party was created due to the debate over slavery?

A

Free-Soil Party

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18
Q

What was the main goal of the Free-Soil Party?

A

Keep slavery out of the Mexican Session

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19
Q

Who were the Presidential candidates for 1848, what party were they representing and what idea were they representing?

A

Free-Soil - Martin Van Buren - Supported the ban of slavery in the Mexican Session
Democratic - Lewis Cass - Supported Popular Sovereignty
Whigs - Zachary Taylor - Supported Slavery

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20
Q

What does secede mean?

A

Remove

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21
Q

What did Calhoun argue for against Webster?

A

Sen John C. Calhoun of SC refused to comprimise and said that
1.Slavery allowed in west
2.Fugitives must be returned
-Wanted north to admit that south slaveholders had the right to reclaim their “property

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22
Q

What was Webster argument against Calhoun?

A

Daniel Webster of Massachusettts compromised on returning slaves because he thought war was mucbh worse

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23
Q

What was the Kansas Nebraska Act?

A

Law that said that states created from Kansas and Nebraska territories, they would get pop sovereignty

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24
Q

Who made the Kansas Nebraska Act?

A

Senator Stephen Douglas

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25
Q

Why was the Kansas Nebraska Act Fair?

A

1.Thats what was going to happen in NM and Utah territories
2.Pop Sov is a Principle of the Const

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26
Q

What were they(N Sen) thinking?

A

1.Hope was that pro slavery would go to MO and anti would move to kansas territory
2.North knew if they pushed too hard, south might secede(leave Union)

27
Q

What happened between Senator Charles Sumner and Sen Andrew Butler?

A

Sen Andrew Butler(D) from SC his nephew Congressman Preston Brooks(D) from SC beats Sen Charles Sumner(R) from Mass with a cane and he takes 3 years to “recover” from brain damage

28
Q

When did Zachary Taylor and John C Calhoun die?

A

1850

29
Q

What happened in the Dred Scott Case?

A

Dred Scott was a slave in MO, moved to Wisconson and back and then the owner dies. Dred Scott argues that he once lived in a free state(Wisconson) so he is now free. This case goes to the supreme court and people look forward to the ruling.

30
Q

What did the supreme court Rule?(for dred scott)

A

First of all, the case is dismissed because only citizens have the right to go to trial.
1. Reinforced the legal status of slaves as property
2.Said that per the Const, Congress did not have the authority to make laws in territories and all territory laws, such as the MO compromise, were struck down
-this made the south become overjoyed.

31
Q

Who took over the fight for the Comp of 1850 from Henry Ckay when he was dying?

A

Stephen Douglas

32
Q

Why did the new fugitive slave act in the comp of 1850 enrage anti-slavery people?

A

Because forcing them to catch runaways made them feel as if they were apart of the slave system.

33
Q

When and who created Uncle Tom’s Cabin?

A

In 1852, Harriet Beecher Stowe publiched Uncle Tom’s Cabin

34
Q

What was the story of Uncle Tom’s Cabin?

A

Uncle Tom, African American slave, gets whipped to death after not revealing where two runaways were

35
Q

What did the story of Uncle Tom’s Cabin do to the north?

A

Set and stone north ideas

36
Q

What do abolish, abolitionist, Abolitionist and Anti-Spread mean?

A

abolish-to eradicate ,do away w/ something
abolitionist- someone who wants to abolish something
Abolitionist-Someone who wants to abolish slavery
Anti-Spread-Someone who does not necessarily want to abolish slavery, but does not want it to spread to the west(or the north)

37
Q

When and why was the republican party formed?

A

Formed in 1854 from faction(splinters of other parties because they did not agree with all the ideas of these other parties(Free Soilers, North Demo, Anti-Slavery Whigs). Most were anti-spread.

38
Q

During the Lincoln-Douglas Debate for Senator in Illinois, what did Lincoln say?

A

Blacks and Whites are not equal but slavery was legally and morally wrong. Although inferior, blacks deserve all their rights in the Dec of Ind and the Const.
Also said that he didnt like Pop Sov for the issue of slavery and was an Anti-Spread not abolitionist
-Also was a Progmatist(practical about things)

39
Q

During the Lincoln-Douglas Debate for Senator in Illinois, what did Douglas say?

A

-Wanted Pop Sov in the West because although he personally disliked slavery, he was willing to go with whatever the west thought was right

40
Q

Who won senator in 1858 for Illinois?

A

Stephen Douglas

41
Q

What do secede, secession and Secession mean?

A

secede-to voluntarily remove yourself
secession-the act of seceding
Secession- When the south states quit the Union

42
Q

Who were the Candidates for the Election of 1860 and what party were they representing?

A

Abe Lincoln-Republican
Stephen Douglas-North Demo
John Breckinridge-South Demo
John Bell-Const Union

43
Q

What were the 4 candidates of the election of 1860’s views on slavery in the west?

A

1.Lincoln
-Anti-Spread
2.Stephen Douglas
-Pop Sov
3. John Breckinridge
-Yes(Mouthpeice of the cottonocracy(slavery all the way))
4.Bell
-Whatever makes the union stay together

44
Q

Who won the Election of 1860? Why?

A

Lincoln
1.Won overwhelming majorty in North
-N had 3x pop of south
2.Dems split their vote
-many viewed him as regional not national

45
Q

What was souths reaction to Lincoln winning the election?

A

Secession

46
Q

Who were the first 7 states to secede?

A

F: Florida
L: Louisiana
A:Alabama
T:Texas
G:Georgia
S:South Carolina
M: Mississippi

47
Q

Who were the last 4 states to secede?

A

V:Virginia
A:Arkansas
N:North Carolina
T:Tennessee

48
Q

What country did the secession states form and who was the president?

A

CSA(Confederate States of America)
Pres: Jefferson Davis

49
Q

What were the border states?

A

Had slaves but never left the union
-fought with the north

50
Q

Who were the 4 Border States?

A

MODEMK
MO:Missouri
DE:Delaware
MD:Maryland
K:Kentucky

51
Q

What did Sam Houston do at the time of secession?

A

Gov of TX and was a slave owner, anti-abolitionist
-he objected to the secession and refused to take oath as the gov of tx in the CSA so he got forced out of office

52
Q

What happened at Fort Sumter?

A

US military for gaurding the entrence to Charleston, SC harbor
Because the CSA now veiwed it as the enemy, commanded under Jefferson Davis, they fired at the fort. Major Robert Anderson, the union commander, ran out of ammo and was forced to surrender

53
Q

What were the killings of Pottawatomie Creek?

A

John Brown rode in and grabbed 5 ppl in their sleep and then murdered them.

54
Q

What is a lawsuit?

A

A legal case brought to settle a dispute btwn ppl or groups.

55
Q

Who did the republican party elect to run for president in 1856? Who were his opponents? What were their opinions on slavery?

A

John C Fremont- anti slavery
James Buchanan- northern man w/ southern principles
Millard Filmore- ran as the american party and supported the Union

56
Q

What happened at John Browns Raid in 1859?

A

John Brown and followers went to Harpers Ferry, VA and they planned to raid a federal arsenal. He hoped that a slave uprising would occur and it didnt. Troops came under the command of Robert E Lee and killed 10 raiders and captured brown.

57
Q

What was the court ruling against John Brown?

A

Court found him guilty of murder and treason and he died with dignity( Death penalty)

58
Q

What does treason mean?

A

actions against ones country

59
Q

What is an arsenal?

A

gun warehouse

60
Q

What did people think about John Brown after he died?

A

The North thought he was a hero and some even considered him a martyr

61
Q

What is a martyr?

A

Willing to give his life for his belief

62
Q

What did John Crittenden do to try and save the union?

A

Sen John Crittenden of Kentucky introduced a bill in 1860 to extend the missouri compromise line to the pacific. Also proposed an amendment that was unamendable that said ppl south of the line would guarantee the right to hold slaves

63
Q

What does unnamendable mean?

A

Cant be changed

Civics Single tests (5 decks)

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