civil war Flashcards
(18 cards)
Sectionalism
The Idea that a section of a country is more important than its whole.
Ex: North is better than the south vise versa.
Popular sovereignty
Idea that people have the right to govern themselves.
Winfield Scott’s Anaconda Plan
Strategy aimed to defeat the confederacy by establishing a naval blockade, Gaining control over the Mississippi River, cutting off the south’s access to supply and going in and attacking.
Copperheads
People who opposed the war and saw it as unconstitutional.
Habeas corpus
People in custody can challenge the legality of their detention.
Lincoln’s Suspension of Habeas corpus
during the Civil War.
Lincoln wanted to suppress confederate sympathizers and threats to the union so he allowed authorities to arrest people in the union helping the confederates.
Cause of southern secession in 1860
Southern states wanted authority over the federal government and wanted to abolish federal law that stated they could not own slaves.
Battle of the Ironclads (Monitor/Merrimack)
Lincoln ordered the blockade of all southern ports a part of Gen. Winfield Scott’s plan. Idea was to cut off al\l of the confederates trade so they had no supplies to fight in war. The confederates decided to biuld a ship of armor lined with iron to launch a cannon ball with a ship named Merrimack then renamed the CSS Virginia. Like the CSS Virginia the Union made the USS Monitor. Instead of having cannons on all sides the Monitor had a revolving big cannon. March 8th 1862 Virginia had intended to destroy all union ships on Hampton road. The two Ironclads fought long and hard but neither ship was able to get the upper hand so the battle ended in a draw. The battle improved ship building forever.
Battle of Antietam Creek
September 16 1862.Turning point in the war for the North. Bloodiest day in American History. Robert E Lee marched the army into Maryland planning to move union troops from the capital. Lee’s plans were found and Now Mcquellen knew the plans of the confederates.
Emancipation Proclamation
Lincoln gave an ultimatum to the south, rejoin the union by the end of the year or have your slaves be freed. On Jan 1st 1863 the emancipation proclamation went into effect saying all persons held as slaves in states that were rebelling against the united states are now forever free. Though slaves were technically now free it did not truly work as this only applied to states in open rebellion against the United states.
Battle of Gettysburgh
Deadliest battle of American History. Last battle fought in the North. July 1863. Lee thought bringing the battle into the North it would put pressure on Lincoln to end the war. Three day long battle. South lost hope in the war so this is considered the turning point.
The Gettysburgh Address
Lincolns address to the union about what happened at Gettysburg. Encouraged the union to stick together and stick to their beliefs to continue with success in the war.
Siege of Vicksburgh
Battle for control over the Mississippi River. The confederates strong hold over Vicksburg Mississippi stood in the way of the union seizing control over the entire Mississippi Riv. May 1863 Union army attempted to take Vicksburg by launching attacks over Jackson MS. Knowing the confederates supplies would eventually run out instead of attacking again Grant waited for the Confederates to surrender. This war went on for 6 weeks, civilians were living underground. On July 4th 1863 the same day Lee retreated at Gettysburg the confederates surrendered Vicksburg to Grant.
What advantages did the Union have during the Civil War?
Larger population, Better INDUSTRIAL SYSTEMS, RAILROADS AND BETTER NAVY.
Total War/Sherman’s March to the Sea
Union General Sherman led his troops on a march through Georgia destroying and burning everything with the intent to destroy the confederates war strategies by going for their economy.
Radical Republicans
Radical supports of freeing the slaves.
Freedmens Bureau
An agency set up after the Civil War to assist Freedmen find jobs, housing and get an education.
13th amendment
Passed before the South rejoins the Union. Lincoln does this because he knows he would not get the votes and he does not want to cause another war.
