Civil War 1946-49

Question 1

strengths and weaknesses of the GMD in civil war

Answer 1

+4,300,000 troops
+large control over China
+central government control
funding
-GMD troops badly trained and disciplined
-factional rivalry and corruption

Question 2

strengths and the weakness of the CCP in the civil war

Answer 2

+tactically astute
+guerilla warfare
+united force
-less area control
-880,00 troops

Question 3

Military factors in the CCPs victory in the Civil War

Answer 3

-guerilla warfare
-tactical retreats (e.g. Yan’an, ‘We give Jiang Yan’an, he will give us China’
-PLA morale and discipline ‘the army and the people are one’

Question 4

Nationalist Military Weaknesses

Answer 4

-conscript army without morale
-CKS lack of delegation
-brutality of soldiers

Question 5

Political factors for the CCP Victory in the Civil War

Answer 5

-political unity
-democratic dictatorship in CCP controlled areas lead to effective administration
-peasant support from land reform (Land to the Tillers)
-propaganda

Question 6

Nationalist Political Weaknesses in the Civil War

Answer 6

• did not deliver on GMDs Three Principles of nationalism, democracy and peoples livelihoods
  -GMD regime corruptions, tax collection especially left the GMD in debt
  -1948 economic issues (literally printing money)

Question 7

foreign assistance in the Civil War

Answer 7

-Americans gave $3 billion in aid to the GMD
-red army established 16 military training institutions

Question 8

economic issues following the Civil War

Answer 8

-industrial production at 44% of what it was in 1937
-food production 30% below 1937 level