Civil War Flashcards
(19 cards)
Economic differences between North and South
North-improved economy with factory needs producing uniforms and weapons
South-shattered the economy loss of slaves, food shortage, blocked ports for food and necessities
Missouri Compromise
An attempt to defuse rivalries triggered by whether states should be a slave state or not
Compromise of 1850
package of five separate bills passed by the United States Congress in September 1850, which defused a four-year political confrontation between slave and free states regarding the status of territories acquired during the Mexican-American War
Kansas-Nebraska Act/popular sovereignty
Popular sovereignty determined whether the two territories would be slave or free states, people would move over there just to determine and vote for their side
election of Lincoln
Between Lincoln and Douglass for the senate seat
There was a series of seven debates
took their arguments directly to the people
Antietam
Lee’s army crossed the Potomac into the Union State of Maryland
•Luck – A Union soldier found a copy of Lee’s army orders wrapped in a bunch of cigars!
•The plan revealed that Lee and Jackson’s armies were separated – McClellan ordered his armies toward Lee
•Bloodiest single-day battle in American history
Emancipation Proclamation
The Emancipation (freeing of slaves) was primarily a weapon of war, if President Lincoln could seize Confederate supplies, he could emancipate the slaves
role of African-Americans in the war
- 1862 – Law is passed allowing African American soldiers to serve in the military
- African Americans made up only 1% of the North’s population but by the end of the war they made up nearly 10% of the Union army
Gettysburg
Turning point of the war
•Three-day battle
South was crippled – Lee would never again be able to successfully invade the North
Gettysburg Address
His address “remade America” – “Before the war, people said, ‘The United States are.’ After Lincoln’s speech, they said, ‘The United States is.”
Appomattox
Reconstruction – Presidential vs. Congressional Reconstruction
Republicans looked to future, alarmed to realize that south would be even stronger in national politics
North was outraged
With blacks having a full vote rather than just three-fifths, gave south more of an advantage
President Johnson announced Union was restored
sharecropping
Former slaves or poor farmers could work on farms or land of wealthier plantation owners in return for a share of the crop produced
black codes
Prevented slaves or former slaves serving in the jury or court
Radical Republicans
a faction of American politicians within the Republican Party from about 1854
13th, 14th and 15th Amendments
Slavery
Citizenship
Suffrage(African Americans, not women)
Andrew Johnson
replacement for president for Lincoln, after his assassination, was a southerner who often went against congress and was considered to be in the wrong place at the wrong time
“redemption”/KKK
Formed in south to terrorize blacks and anyone associated with them to strip them of any political party
Dred Scott decision
Case that was taken into account when his rights and freedom were questioned, owner snuck him into the north so he could be free but when his owner died, case was taken to court and he was stripped of any “freedom” he should’ve had
Battles and Events – advantages and disadvantages of Union and Confederacy
Union •Union had the enormous advantages; more industrialized, better fighting power, more resources, extensive railroads •Decisive and strong leader in Lincoln Confederacy •“King Cotton” – earned a good income from world markets •First-rate generals •Highly motivated soldiers •Strong military tradition
