Civil War and Reconstruction 1861-1877

Question 1

Why did westward expansion increase tension over slavery?

Answer 1

• Slavery was seen as important in the South and so people thought it would cause economic and social chaos. Keen to protect their way of life.

Question 2

What was the Missouri Compromise?

Answer 2

1820 - Stated that states above the 36’30 parallel would be free states and states below would be slaves. It further stated that for every slave state added to America, a free state would be added.

Question 3

What was the problem with the Missouri Compromise?

Answer 3

As America expanded west, some states resisted this. e.g California which was below the line however the general population was against slavery so it became a free state.
- Caused people in the South to become angry as the balance of power was breaking.

Question 4

Events that led to the outbreak of the Civil War

Answer 4

• Lincoln winning the presidential Election (Catalyst)
• The Missouri Compromise
  -Kansas-Nebraska Act 1854
• Dredd Scott
  -Uncle Tom’s Cabin
  John Brown

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Question 5

What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

Answer 5

1854 - congress passed this which voids the Missouri Compromise.
- It allowed the Kansas-Nebraska territory to vote on whether they wanted to be free or a slave state

Question 6

What was the problem with the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

Answer 6

• Northerners were angry as Kansas was North of the 36’30 parallel and so was free.
• Eventually led to riots, violence, and murder (Bleeding Kansas) where Free-Soilers and Boarder Ruffians tried to sway the decision.
• In 1861, Kansas was admitted into the Union as a free state.)

Question 7

Why and how did Lincoln’s Election trigger Civil War

Answer 7

• Though slavery was immoral which caused southerners to feel they didn’t own the man’s loyalty as he threatened their way of life.
• Triggered secession of seven states that ended up forming the Confederate States of America (Jefferson Davis as their president)

Question 8

Fort Sumpter

Answer 8

• Argued as the TRIGGER of the Civil War
• Lincoln refused to withdraw US government troops at Fort Sumter off the coast of South Carolina. Jefferson Davis and the Confederates saw this as an act of disrespect.
• On April 12th, Gunboats ordered by Davis opened fire on Fort Sumter and on April 15th Lincoln declared WAR.

Question 9

Uncle Toms Cabin

Answer 9

• published in 1852 by harriet beecher stowe.
  -showed people the harsh realities of slavery.

Question 10

What was the 13th 14th and 15th amendment.

Answer 10

13th - freedom (1865)
14th -civil rights (1868)
15th - right to vote
(1870)

Question 11

Confederacy (11)

Answer 11

• South Carlolina (first to seceed in 1860 Nov)
  -North Carolina, Texas, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Tennesee, Arkansas, Mississippi,

Jefferson Davis was the President.

Question 12

Dredd Scott

Answer 12

• 1857 attempted to take his master to court as illionois was a free state but lost.
  This caused division over the matter of slavery.

Question 13

John Brown

Answer 13

• started a slave uprising in Missouri by seizing weapons to lead to a slave rebellion in 1859
  He was hung however he became a symbol of resistance for slavery.

Question 14

What was the negative surrounding the 15th amendment

Answer 14

• Many Black Americans were restricted from voting as votes were held during harvest time when sharecroppers weren’t allowed to leave work.
  Impossible literacy tests and residency clauses (addresses which black people did not have.

Question 15

Freedman’s Bureau

Answer 15

• established in march 1865 to 1872.
  -Provided food, clothing, shelter and medical and legal aid to freed slaves.
  -Helped set up schools.

Question 16

Positives of Reconstruction

Answer 16

Amendments
-Freedman’s Bureau
-Formation of churches
-Black people elected to local and state governments.

Question 17

Negatives of Reconstruction

Answer 17

• KKK
  -Black codes (Laid out what black were and weren’t allowed to do) e.g renting property, weapons,banning public meetings.
  -Jim Crow Laws
  -Black only schools which were underfunded and had poor facilities.
  -Andrew Johnson

Question 18

How the war impacted African Americans in the North

Answer 18

• Not allowed to join Union army until 1863 (War started in 1861)
  -Not allowed to be officers and earned 3 dollars less than their white counterparts
  -Race Riots where white northerners were being forced into joining the army, resulted in blacks getting injured and killed.

Question 19

How the War impacted those in the south

Answer 19

• Slaves had to support the confederates by working in factories, nurses, cooks.
• 1862 South Carolina was freed and ex slaves tried to fight the confederacy (Contraband) who if caught would be forced back into slavery
  -Sea Island Experiments where Northerners came to teach freed slaves to read/write.

Question 20

Andrew Johnson

Answer 20

• Became president after Lincoln
  -Tried to stop Freedman’s Bureau from continuing their work
  -Did little to stop Black Codes
  -Tried to reject Civil Rights Act but failed.