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CPUSH > Civil War and reconstruction > Flashcards

Civil War and reconstruction Flashcards

1
Q

Abraham Lincoln

Civil war

A

Supported abolitionism and led the union (northern gov supported by free states) through the civil war
Wanted to Obtain reconciliation with the south to ensure the survival of the nation

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2
Q

Jefferson Davis

A 
Former senator of Mississippi 
The confederacy (Jeff Davis) demands the union to surrender fort Sumter but Lincoln is like nah, leaving Jefferson Davis to chose war. Confederates win
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3
Q

Succession

A

The action or withdrawing formally from membership of a federation or body

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4
Q

Fort Sumter

A

A fort in Charleston, South Carolina harbor
It was cut off from supplies and reinforcements by Southern Control of the harbor. Confed demands Lincoln surrenders or attack will come into effect…

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5
Q

Bull Run

A

In Virginia

the 1st battle of the war, took place between inexperienced troops and resulted in confederate victory

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6
Q

George McClellan

A

Commander of the Union Army for a short amount of time cuz he was a great on training, but never involved in action
Failed to beat Lee at Antietam

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7
Q

Ulysses s. Grant

Civil war

A 
Union general (brave, tough, decisive)
Nicknamed "unconditional surrender" cuz he was a Stubborn negotiator 
In 11 days, he captured 2 confederate forts that held strategic positions on important rivers (Henry, Donelson)
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8
Q

Robert E. Lee

A

Confederate general
Known for his determination and unusual tactics, led a successful defense of Richmond, but suffered high casualties at Antietam (battle on Union grounds and the bloodiest single-day battle)

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9
Q

Gettysburg

A

The Turing point of the civil war that involved The largest number of casualties of the entire war
Penn

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10
Q

Gettysburg address

A

“….. That government of the people, for the people, and by the people will not perish from the earth.”

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11
Q

Emancipation proclamation

A

Lincoln frees slaves in the rebelling states after Antietam

Many fled to join Sherman’s army

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12
Q

William Tecumseh Sherman and his march to the sea

A

The March of Sherman’s Union troops from Atlanta to savannah, GA

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13
Q

Appomattox court house

A

In April 1865, general Lee surrenders to Grant at Appomattox aka last battle of civil war

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14
Q

Arlington Cemetery

A

Lees plantation that he lost and was turned into a cemetery for union dead

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15
Q

John Wilkes booth

A

The assassin of Abe Lincoln

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16
Q

Why were Confederate States of created and why was Civil War inevitable?

A

.

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17
Q

What were Sherman’s objectives in marching his troops from Atlanta to Savannah?

A

Burned everything in their way to assure that his enemies will not have any resources to use

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17
Q 
Abraham Lincoln 
(Reconstruction)
A

Favored a lenient reconstruction policy. Believe the secession was constitutionally impossible therefore confed states never left the union, but individuals. And wanted the South’s return to the union as quick and easy as possible
Moderate republican

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18
Q

13th amendment

A

Basically gives slaves freedom

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19
Q

Andrew Johnson

A

Democrat from Tennessee

Remained loyal to the union when TN seceded

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20
Q

Reconstruction

A

The period of rebuilding that followed the Civil War, during which The defeated confederate states were readmitted to the union

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21
Q

Democrats

A

.

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22
Q

Moderate republicans

A

.

23
Q

Radical republicans

A

The power of this group led by Stevens was severely weakened by its ties to political corruptions, severe economic problems, and decisions handed down by the Supreme Court in 1870s
Opposed johnsons plan

24
Q

Thaddeus Stevens

A

Head of radical republican and pushed for slave rights

25
Q

Wade-Davis Bill

A

First radical republican bill of reconstruction and vetoed by Lincoln, that would have given congress control of reconstruction

26
Q

Freeman’s bureau

A

Need for food and shelter for Fred slaves
Many settled on plantation lands
Task of feeding and clothing former slaves
Find work for them
negotiate labor contracts
Began education

27
Q

Black codes

A

Southern laws which Limited African-American rights in the south
Intended to keep African-American in a condition of slavery

28
Q

14th amendment

A

June 1866

Granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States

29
Q

Due process clause

A

S

30
Q

Impeach

A

E

31
Q

15th amendment

A

March 1870

Right to vote cannot be denied “on Account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude “

32
Q

Ulysses s grant

Reconstruction

A

S

33
Q

Ku klux klan

A

Started in 1866 by Nathaniel Forrest

Secret society mostly former confederate

34
Q

Panic of 1873

A

1

35
Q

Redemption

A

When the south regained their power redeeming themselves

36
Q

Rutherford B Hayes

Reconstruction

A

Pulled Federal troops out of the south

Southern Democrats took control of all state legislatures

37
Q

Compromise of 1877

A

Democrats and republicans in congress agreed to this (below) which decided the outcome of a presidential election and effectively ended reconstruction in the south

  1. )W/drawal of fed troops in the south
  2. ) dem wanted fed $ to build a railroads form the west coast to Texas
  3. ) wanted Haynes to appoint a conservative southerners to the cabinet
38
Q

Amnesty act

A

Allowed many former confederates to vote and hold elective office

39
Q

Home rule

A

This is what southern democrats managed to achieve after the 1876 election. It allowed them to restrict African Americans rights, cut taxes, and wipe out social programs

40
Q

The philosophies of the republican and democratic parties during the time of reconstruction and how the elephant and donkey came about

A

The republicans wanted to make sure the rights of African Americans were respected and south having to suffer for the damage they caused in the civil war

Democrats believed in more of the slap on the wrist idea and how states should determine what they should do to the southerns

Thomas Nast:
Elephants- republicans;
Donkey- democrats;Andrew Jackson was an Ass

41
Q

What was president Lincoln planned approach to reconstruction

A

10% plan
Offer amnesty to those willing to take a loyalty oath to the United States
10% of the pop must take the oath= readmission as a state

42
Q

What were the goals of the kkk

A

Drive out carpetbaggers
regain control of the south for the democratic party
use terror

43
Q

How did the compromise of 1877 and other factors of the 1870s bring about the end of reconstruction?

A

S

44
Q

Edwin Ross

A

Senator of Kansas had the swing vote and saved Johnson from being removed for the first time from office

45
Q

Johnson’s reconstruction plan

A
  • Pardon all Southerners Who take an oath of loyalty to the union
  • Former Confederate states could set up state governments
  • each state needed to revoke secession, ratify the 13th amendment
46
Q

The civil rights act of 1866

A

H

47
Q

Impeachment of Johnson

A

Johnson vetoed every policy from Congress
Congress overrode his vetoes
House of Representatives voted for his impeachment
Senate put Johnson on trail
Final vote-one vote shy of removing him from office

48
Q

Reconstruction act of 1867

Military reconstruction act

A

Passed by Congress
Divided the south in five military districts
Union general was in charge of each district
New state constitutions
right to vote for all males
must ratify the 14th amendment

49
Q

Scalawag

A

White southerns who worked with republicans and supported reconstruction

50
Q

Carpetbagger

A

Northerners moving into the south

Became involved in politics

51
Q

40 acres and mule program

A

General Sherman:

52
Q

Hiram revels

A

1st black senator to the us congress (North Carolina)

53
Q

Southern resistance

A

Against political power in the hands of the African American
Against Republicans leading southern politics

54
Q

Share cropping

A

New system for agriculture
Tenant farmers paid rent with a share of their crops
Landlords- landowners who controlled sharecroppers
Crop liens- crops taken to covered debts
Sharecroppers became trapped because farmers could not pay their debts

55
Q

Thomas Nast

A

Drew cartoons

Boss tweed:

56
Q

Jim Crow laws

A

Replaced black codes

Southern states create laws to segregate public spaces

CPUSH (2 decks)

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