cj test Flashcards
(26 cards)
When offenders are sentenced to a fixed amount of time, this is known as a(n) ____________ sentence.
determinate
A society’s punishment to avenge a wrong done to a member of society is known as __________.
retribution
This US Supreme Court Case ended the death penalty in 1972.
Furman v. Georgia
Who were considered the first real detectives?
Bow Street Runners
When an act, such as smoking cigarettes, is legal for adults but illegal for juveniles, it is called a _________________.
status offense
Which US Constitutional Amendment guarantees the right to a jury trial in adult cases?
6th
Which United States city was the first to initiate a police force?
Boston
Which of the following is not an acceptable plea?
continuance
A range of years of incarceration aimed to encourage behavior is known as a(n) ___________ sentence.
indeterminate
Who are considered the first real police officers?
Bobbies
Depriving offenders from the ability to commit new offenses and improve public safety by incarceration
is known as ________________.
incapacitation
At what stage of the criminal process does the defendant enter a plea?
arraignment
The US Supreme Court decision that reinstated the death penalty in 1976 was:
Gregg v. Georgia
Which of the following is NOT true about Supreme Court Justices?
they must be reconfirmed after 10 years
Which type of deterrence states that person sees the general public being punished and decides not to risk crime because of the risk of arrest and punishment?
general
Who keeps order in the courtroom and announces the judge’s entry to the courtroom?
bailiff
At what state of the criminal justice process examines issues of fact and law for the purpose of
reaching a judgement of conviction or acquittal of the defendant?
trial
In general, juvenile courts tend to have an emphasis on _______________.
rehabilitation
What US Constitution Amendment protects the people from unreasonable search and seizure?
4th
Which common law principle allowed the state to take the place of the parents?
parens patriae
The first director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation was _________________.
J. Edgar Hoover
The territory, subject matter, or people over which a court or other justice agency may exercise lawful
authority, as determined by statute or constitution is known as ___________.
jurisdiction
Which one is not a goal of punishment?
restoration
This is the collection of crime statistics which is compiled by the FBI and is based on the crimes that are reported and documented by the police.
UCR
