CJUS Theory Test 1

Question 1

lists the numbers of variouscrimes that have become known to the nations police

Answer 1

Uniform Crime Reports

Question 2

Rivals or surpasses that in other industrialized western nations

Answer 2

Lawlessness in the US

Question 3

Bad family life, unemployment, lenient courts

Answer 3

Social factors that influence crime

Question 4

Actions or behaviors that violate social norms, including formally enacted rules/laws as well as informal violations of social norms

Answer 4

Deviance

Question 5

one of the most underreported crimes

Answer 5

Rape

Question 6

This is not evenly distrubuted

Answer 6

Crime in the U.S.

Question 7

example of difficulty in predicting crime trends accurately

Answer 7

Crimewarps

Question 8

tended to locae the cause of crime not in demographic shifts, but rather whithin individuals, in their souls, their wills or their body constitutions

Answer 8

Early Theroies of Crime

Question 9

stressed the conflict between absolute good and absolute evil

Answer 9

Spiritualism

Question 10

a victory by one of the two accussed would go to the innocent

Answer 10

trial by battle

Question 11

subject the accused to life threatening or painfulsituations

Answer 11

trial by ordeal

Question 12

reputable person swear an oath that the accused was inncocent

Answer 12

compurgation

Question 13

the cjus system creates criminals by

Answer 13

The labeling theory

Question 14

asks why do some people not commit crime

Answer 14

control theory

Question 15

example of the difficulty in predicting crimes trends accurately

Answer 15

Crimewarps wrote by Bennet

Question 16

influences the explanations of crime

Answer 16

social context

Question 17

tended to locate the cause of crime not indemographic shifts butrather within indivduals

Answer 17

Early theroies of crime

Question 18

stressed the conflict between absolute good and absolute evil

Answer 18

spiritualism

Question 19

focuses on the individual criminalad their abilityto have free will

Answer 19

classical school

Question 20

searches for empirical facts to confirm the idea that crime was determinned by multiple factors

Answer 20

positivist school

Question 21

first naturalistic explanation of crime

Answer 21

the physical body

Question 22

brain is organ of the mind

Answer 22

hippocrates dictum

Question 23

◦the most important feature of the classical school of thought is its emphasis on the individual criminal as a person who is capable of calculating what he or she wants to do

Answer 23

classical school

Question 24

◦individuals were guided by a pain and pleasure principle calculating risks and rewards

Answer 24

classical school

Question 25

◦the punishment should be suited to the offense

Answer 25

classical school

Question 26

punishment sould be a deterrent

Answer 26

Bentham

Question 27

student ofclassical school

Answer 27

Bentham

Question 28

behavior is a result of free will and hedonistic calculas

Answer 28

Bentham-Classical School

Question 29

studied prison reform

Answer 29

Howard

Question 30

advocated prison reform

Answer 30

Howard

Question 31

father of criminology

Answer 31

Lombroso

Question 32

1. Born criminals:People with atavistic characteristics

Answer 32

•Lombroso's criminal classifications

Question 33

Insane Criminals: idots, imbeciles, paranoiacs, epilectics, and alcoholics

Answer 33

•Lombroso's criminal classifications

Question 34

3: Occasional criminals/Criminaloids: Explained by oppurtunity

Answer 34

•Lombroso's criminal classifications

Question 35

Criminals of passion

Answer 35

•Lombroso's criminal classifications

Question 36

survival of the fittest...social darwinism

Answer 36

Carofalo

Question 37

last major criminal contributor to the positivist school

Answer 37

Carofalo

Question 38

the sentiment of revulsion against the voluntary inflictionof suffering onothers

Answer 38

Pity

Question 39

Therespect for the properties of others

Answer 39

probity

Question 40

study of 3000 English convicts

Answer 40

Goring

Question 41

there was not much difference in physical attributes between convicts and non covicts

Answer 41

Gorings finding in study of 3000 convicts

Question 42

idea that delinquency is heridity

Answer 42

Seldon

Question 43

study of male youth

Answer 43

Seldon

Question 44

tested for IQ for prison inmates

Answer 44

Goddard

Question 45

sterilization

Answer 45

Eugenics

Question 46

inheritance is the explanation of crime

Answer 46

Eugenics

Question 47

"wrote "on crimes and punishment"

Answer 47

Beccaria

Question 48

went from individual tosocietal influences

Answer 48

Chicago School

Question 49

argued that one aspect of American Society, the city, contained potent criminogenic forces

Answer 49

Chicago School

Question 50

people who were poor were pushed into crimebecause they were poor

Answer 50

Progressive Movement

Question 51

The goal was to save the poor by providing social services that would lesson the pains

Answer 51

Progressive movement

Question 52

zone theory...cities grew inside out

Answer 52

Burgess

Question 53

Zone of transition

Answer 53

most criminal area of city

Question 54

Differential AssociationTheory

Answer 54

Sutherlands

Question 55

social organizationr regulates criminal behavior

Answer 55

differential association theory

Question 56

criminal behavior is learned through social experiences

Answer 56

differential association theory

Question 57

societycomes together...socialcohesion...people stick together

Answer 57

social efficacy

Question 58

who came up withcultural deviance theory: code of the street

Answer 58

Elijah Anderson

Question 59

who came up with social learning theory

Answer 59

Ronald akers

Question 60

improve the area to reduce crime

Answer 60

Chicago area Project

Question 61

who came up with strain theory

Answer 61

Merton

Question 62

crime is caused by the stress of trying to achieve the american dream

Answer 62

strain theory

Question 63

homogenity, universilism, culture

Answer 63

Dominant Reality

Question 64

lawlessness...lack of law

Answer 64

Anomie

Question 65

Delinquent Boys: The culture of the gang

Answer 65

Cohen

Question 66

delinquent subcultures can only exist when there are alot of kids that want to participate

Answer 66

Cloward and Ohlin

Question 67

mobilization for youth

Answer 67

MFY

Question 68

strain theory became most popular in

Answer 68

1960s

Question 69

said that the presenceof negative factors will cause stress and strain...causing crime

Answer 69

Agnew

Question 70

institutional anomie

Answer 70

Messner and Rosenfeld

Question 71

lawlessness within institutions

Answer 71

institutional Anomie

Question 72

took the Strain theory based on the USdream and focused on the market economy

Answer 72

Currie

Question 73

crime level is directly tied to economy

Answer 73

Currie's idea on strain theory

Question 74

provide economic oppurtunitiesto less fortunate

Answer 74

strain theory strategy to reduce crime