CLA - spoken

Question 1

Who created the behaviourist theory?

Answer 1

Skinner

Question 2

How does Skinner say children learn language?

Answer 2

Through copying

Question 3

Who came up with the critical development period?

Answer 3

Lenneberg

Question 4

What is the age range for the critical development period?

Answer 4

2 to 15

Question 5

What is the example for the critical development period?

Answer 5

Genie

Question 6

How does Genie support behaviourism?

Answer 6

She had no one to copy language from so her language didn’t develop.

Question 7

Who did the wugs experiment?

Answer 7

Berko (1958)

Question 8

What does the wugs experiment suggest in terms of language development in children?

Answer 8

active and deductive process

Question 9

Does the wugs experiment support the behaviourism theory? Why?

Answer 9

No. ‘Wug’ was a made up word that the children had never heard before so they weren’t copying anyone when they said the plural was ‘Wugs’.

Question 10

Who conducted the fis study?

Answer 10

Berko + Brown (1960)

Question 11

What did the fis study look at?

Answer 11

It looked at how children ignore corrections from caregivers.

Question 12

What is instrumental language for? (Halliday)

Answer 12

Fulfilling a need

Question 13

What is regulatory language for? (Halliday)

Answer 13

to control the behaviours of others around them

Question 14

What is interactional language for? (Halliday)

Answer 14

to develop relationships with others through phatic language

Question 15

What is personal language for? (Halliday)

Answer 15

to express opinions about what is around them

Question 16

What is heuristic language for? (Halliday)

Answer 16

to explore the world by asking questions (e.g. why, why, why)

Question 17

What is imaginative language for? (Halliday)

Answer 17

to explore and creative worlds by their imagination

Question 18

What is representational language for? (Halliday)

Answer 18

to exchange information with those around them

Question 19

What does MLU mean?

Answer 19

Mean Length of Utterance

Question 20

Who made Social Interaction theory?

Answer 20

Bruner

Question 21

What does social interaction theory focus on?

Answer 21

the significance of everyday social interactions

Question 22

What does Bruner look at in terms of social interaction theory and language development?

Answer 22

he looks at the role of the caregiver or peer in language development

Question 23

What does CDS stand for?

Answer 23

Child Directed Speech

Question 24

What is CDS/ parenteese?

Answer 24

the way a caregiver communicates with an infant

Question 25

Why does the caregiver use repetition?

Answer 25

Repetition of new words allows the infant to listen to the intonation of the words.

Question 26

Why does the caregiver use simple sentences?

Answer 26

The attention span of the child is not lengthy, so shorter sentences will keep the child's attention.

Question 27

Why does the caregiver use a slower speaking pace?

Answer 27

To allow the child time to process the information and join in the conversation

Question 28

Why does the caregiver use tag questions?

Answer 28

to encourage interaction from the infant.

Question 29

Why does the caregiver use different pitches and intonations?

Answer 29

to keep the child focused of the caregiver

Question 30

Why does the caregiver accompany their utterances with actions/ gestures?

Answer 30

to reinforce and consolidate the meaning to the infant.

Question 31

How does CDS impact the language development in children?

Answer 31

it allows them to become active in their own learning process.

Question 32

What is LASS short for?

Answer 32

Language Acquisition Support System

Question 33

How many stages are there in LASS?

Answer 33

4

Question 34

What are the 4 stages in LASS?

Answer 34

1- gaining attention 2- query 3- label 4- feedback

Question 35

Who created the Cognitive theory for language development?

Answer 35

Piaget

Question 36

How does Piaget say children learn language?

Answer 36

He says that children construct their own knowledge in response to experiences.

Question 37

How many stages of cognitive development are there according to Piaget?

Answer 37

5

Question 38

Referring to the stages of cognitive development, what are schemas?

Answer 38

the organisation of knowledge of the world around them

Question 39

Referring to the stages of cognitive development, what is Assimilation?

Answer 39

incorporating new information into that world

Question 40

Referring to the stages of cognitive development, what is Accomodation?

Answer 40

adjusting new and existing information

Question 41

Referring to the stages of cognitive development, what is Organisation?

Answer 41

grouping together isolated behaviours

Question 42

Referring to the stages of cognitive development, what is Equillibrium?

Answer 42

the shift in ideas due to the previous 4 stages.

Question 43

What is object permanence?

Answer 43

Knowing an object still exists even when you can't see it.

Question 44

What is seriation?

Answer 44

a child needs to be able to compare one thing to another to be able to use comparatives (e.g. bigger) and superlatives (e.g. best)

Question 45

Who created Innate Capacity (Nativism)

Answer 45

Chomsky

Question 46

What is the basic message of Innate Capacity?

Answer 46

Children are born with an inherited ability to learn any human language.

Question 47

Which theory does Innate Capacity directly contrast?

Answer 47

Behaviourism Innate Capacity states that the ability to learn language is inherited Behaviourism says language learnt is copied off of caregivers and peers

Question 48

What is LAD short for?

Answer 48

Language Acquisition Device

Question 49

Does the LAD automatically work in a child's brain?

Answer 49

No- the child needs some exposure to the language for the LAD to function.

Question 50

Chomsky suggests that there is a poverty of....

Answer 50

Poverty of stimulus between caregivers and infants

Question 51

Which behaviourist criticism supports Chomsky?

Answer 51

Wug study. As the children had never seen the word 'Wug' before and so applied their inherited universal grammar rules to produce the plural 'Wugs'