CLASP - anatomy and radiology Flashcards
(71 cards)
1
Q
I 8 10 EGGs AAT 12
A
I 8: IVC at T8
10 EGGs: EsophaGus and vaGus at T10
AAT 12: Aorta, Azygos, and Thoracic duct at T12
1
Q
A
Left transverse process L3
2
Q
A
3rd ventricle
3
Q
A
Aortic arch
4
Q
A
Coeliac axis
5
Q
A
Portal vein
6
Q
A
T12 vertebral body
Start counting from down to up
7
Q
A
Left common iliac artery
8
Q
A
Frontal bone
9
Q
A
Left MCA territory infarct
10
Q
A
Right kidney
11
Q
A
Pulmonary Trunk
12
Q
A
Left oblique fissure
13
Q
A
Falx
14
Q
A
L2/3 intervertebral disk space
15
Q
A
Posterior left 6th rib
16
Q
A
Corpus callosum
17
Q
A
Gall stone and cholecystitis
18
Q
A
Fracture left lower rib posteriorly and bilateral lower lobe consolidation
19
Q
A
Left ventricle
20
Q
A
Suprasellar cistern
21
Q
A
Sternum
22
Q
A
Left acute on chronic subdural haematoma
23
Q
A
Gall bladder
24
Ascending aorta
25
Right MCa territory infarct
26
Stomach
27
Dilated common bile duct
28
IVC
29
Pancreas
30
Left lower lobe collapse and effusion
31
Right frontal lobe
32
Pons
33
SVC
34
Right cerebral intra-parenchymal haematoma and midline shift
35
Right middle lobe
36
Left cerebellar hemisphere
37
Body of C2
38
Left adrenal gland
39
Right pleural effusion and PE in right main pulmonary artery
40
Left subclavian artery
41
Splenic laceration and free fluid
42
Complete opacification of a hemithorax with a shift of the mediastinum toward the opacity
Loss of volume
43
Juxtaphrenic peak (Kattan sign)
Right upper lobe collaps
44
What would you see on an x-ray if there is selective intubation of the left main bronchus?
Right lung collapse
45
Large pleural effusions can push the trachea towards/away the diseased side
Away
46
Shadowing in the right lower zone with loss of the right hemidiaphragm
Right lower lobe
47
Reduced definition of the right heart border is typically associated with ___________ consolidation
Right middle lobe
48
Reduced definition of the left heart border is typically associated with _________ consolidation
Lingular
49
Pushing of the trachea: ?
Large pleural effusion or tension pneumothorax
50
Pulling of the trachea: ?
Consolidation with associated lobar collapse
51
Bilateral symmetrical enlargement on a CXR is typically associated with..
Sarcoidosis
52
Unilateral/asymmetrical hilar enlargement may be due to..
Malignancy
53
The pleura are not usually visible in healthy individuals. If the pleura are visible it indicates the presence of..
Mesothelioma (pleural thickening)
54
The _______ makes up most of the right heart border
Right atrium
55
The ________ makes up most of the left heart border
Left ventricle
56
____________ can indicate the presence of fluid or consolidation in the area
Costophrenic blunting
57
Costophrenic blunting can develop secondary to lung hyperinflation as a result of diaphragmatic flattening and subsequent loss of the acute angle due to...
COPD
58
Loss of aortopulmonary window occurs as a result of..
Mediastinal lymphadenopathy (e.g. malignancy)
59
Oblique fissure pulled up + Kattan
RUL collapse
60
Oblique fissure pulled down + right border of heart obscured
RML collapse
61
Oblique fissure pulled down + right border of heart NOT obscured
RLL collapse
62
Triangular opacity on the left side of the lower lung
LLL collapse
63
Luftsichel sign
LUL collapse
64
Pneumoperitoneum - perforation (peptic ulcer, diverticulitis etc)
65
Criteria for correct NG tube placement
CXR view is adequate (upper oesophagus down to below the diaphragm)
NG tube remains in the midline down to the level of the diaphragm
NG tube bisects the carina
Tip of the NG tube is clearly visible and below the left hemidiaphragm
Tip of the NG tube is 10 cm beyond the GOJ and therefore is likely to be within the stomach (pH <5)
66
Imagie quality interpretation RIPE
RIPE
Rotation - medial aspect of each clavicle should be equidistant from the spinous processes. Spinous processes should also be vertically aligned
Inspiration - 5-6 anterior ribs, lung apices, both costophrenic angles and the lateral rib edges should be visible
Projection - if the scapulae are not projected within the chest, it’s PA)
Exposure - left hemidiaphragm should be visible to the spine, and the vertebrae should be visible behind the heart
67
ABCDE approach
Airway: trachea, carina, bronchi and hilar structures
Breathing: lungs and pleura
Cardiac: heart size and borders
Diaphragm: including assessment of costophrenic angles
Everything else: mediastinal contours, bones, soft tissues, tubes, valves, pacemakers and review areas
68
CXR findings in HF
A: alveolar oedema (perihilar/bat-wing opacification)
B: Kerley B lines
C: cardiomegaly (cardiothoracic ratio >50%) – may be difficult to assess on an AP film
D: dilated upper lobe vessels
E: effusions (i.e. pleural effusions – blunted costophrenic angles with meniscus sign)
69
Hyperinflated lung
Bilateral symmetrical Attenuated pulmonary vasculature
Long tubular heart
Flattening of diaphragm
COPD
70
Bilateral infiltrates and air bronchograms with a perihilar distribution
PCP - HIV
