Class 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Minoan Civilization
A
3000-1380 BC
- Dates are not exact – based on archeology
- Bronze Age
- Society led by kings
- Society where women had important role
- Linear B - writing that represents sounds not letters (syllabic form of Greek)
- Crete
2
Q
Mycenaean Civilization
A
1600-1100 BC
- Came after the Minoans
- Trojan War (Homer’s Iliad)
- Disappear by 1100 for reasons that are unclear
3
Q
Homer
A
- A poet who wrote about the Greek attack on Troy
- The only source recording the Greek attack on Troy
- It is important to note that he was a poet and not a historian
4
Q
Iliad
A
- Written by Homer
- Tells famous story of the Trojan War
- Greek attack on Troy
- The story of a Trojan prince seducing Helen, the wife of the King of Sparta
5
Q
Dark Ages
A
1100-800 BC
- Called this because we don’t know anything about that time
6
Q
Renaissance/Great Awakening
A
800-600 BC
- Formation of urban centers (very small)
- Series of city-states independent of each other
- As the cities expand, no place to put people so they form colonies
- TB
7
Q
Polis
A
- the city-state/layout
- (these cities were self-governing and independent)
- Greek culture emerged from the Dark Age and entered a period of artistic and intellectual vitality
8
Q
Acropolis
A
- Built upon a hill
- The Acropolis contained the citadel for protection
- Had a statue of Athena
9
Q
Agora
A
- Located next to valley where people lived
- Government buildings and open spaces where people met
- Socrates approached people here
10
Q
Phalanx
A
- Military unit used in field
- Infantry unit of men with shields and spears, fighting in close quarters
- Had to be somebody of wealth to flight in a phalanx
- These soldiers were also political leaders
- Greeks often at war
11
Q
Agonistic/Olympic Games
A
- Founded in 776 BC
- First games held at Olympia and were dedicated to Zeus (games tied to religion from early on)
- Celebrated human perfection and heroism
- Originally just foot races and wrestling (but eventually added horse and chariot races, boxing, javelin, and more)
12
Q
Athens and Sparta
A
- Rivals
- Athens had more open space
- Sparta had more mountains (mountain people)
- Sparta had a severe, authoritarian government
- Athens practiced direct democracy
- Sparta was centered on warfare – women were respected for their ability to make strong son
- Athens participated in warfare, but also had intellectual, philosophical, and other pursuits
13
Q
Archons
A
- Elected officials
- Athens had 9 archons (no king, no hereditary rulers)
14
Q
Ecclesia
A
- “Counsel” in Greek
- Simply a group of people meeting together
- (evolves into a church term)
15
Q
Areopagus
A
- Counsel of older guys who guide younger guys in setting policy
- Made up of former Archons (former archons supporting current archons)
