Class 2

Question 1

T F? There was one legal theory to how colonization was made

Answer 1

False, it more of a “make things work on the ground” strategy

Question 2

Year of Papal Bull Romanus Pontifex

Answer 2

1455

Question 3

What did the Palpal Bull Romanus Pontifex grant?

Answer 3

Portugal’s venturing in the African West Coast to the Indian Ocean

Question 4

Colonization in control over territory AND …

Answer 4

maritime space

Question 5

When was the Treaty of Tordesillas signed?

Answer 5

1494

Question 6

What ensured the colonial demarcation between Spain vs Portugal

Answer 6

Treaty of Tordesillas

Question 7

Exact purposes of the Treaty of Tordesillas?

Answer 7

Give Spain and Portugal the monopoly of acquiring Non-christian territory
Exclusive right to trade with non-christian people
Right to prohibit other christian powers from entering these zones

Question 8

T F: Other Christian empire respected the Treaty of Tordesillas

Answer 8

Not exactly, it really only applied to Portugal and Spain.

Question 9

How long did the Spanish establish in the New world before the english?

Answer 9

almost 1 century

Question 10

What were the colonial motives of the Spaniards?

Answer 10

Find the next Peru - Gold, Fountains of youth
Spreading the Christian religion (catholicism)

Question 11

What was the size of New Spain

Answer 11

Went from the Rocky Mountains to Buenos Aires.

Question 12

What is the encomienda rights?

Answer 12

The right for colonists to force indigenous labour. (tribute regime = Hacienda and beginning of plantation economies)

Question 13

Manila Galleons=?

Answer 13

Vehicles used for the Spanish and Portugal trade routes from the Americas to the Indian Ocean World (Manilla)

Question 14

T or F: There was no colonies in the North of Florida in the 16 century

Answer 14

True

Question 15

Ex of Dutch settlement

Answer 15

New Amsterdam

Question 16

Ex of Swedish settlement

Answer 16

Fort Christina

Question 17

Where is New netherland?

Answer 17

Aroud p-d New York. (There was still a dutch presence after the English takeover of the region)

Question 18

T or F: English changed all the organisation of New York after the took it from the Dutch.

Answer 18

False.

Question 19

First motive of the French voyages in North America?

Answer 19

Fishing

Question 20

What were the failed settlements attempts of France

Answer 20

Charlesbourg royal - Jacques Cartier
Brazil and Florida too

Question 21

What are the perks of New France settlements

Answer 21

Well placed: Control of Water ways

Question 22

What was the style of colonization in New France?

Answer 22

Want of proximity to indigenous peoples for TRADE and DEFENSE

Question 23

Did New France have TOTAL control of the territory from St Lawrence to Louisiana?

Answer 23

Not exactly: They had a proper colonies in the St Laurent valley and had millitary forts in the rest of their territory

Question 24

Why did the French establishes forts all over North America?

Answer 24

To secure allyship with indigenous peoples

Question 25

What is the particularity of the english colonization?

Answer 25

It was a heavily settler-driven one

Question 26

reasons of going to America for the English

Answer 26

enclosure movement anti-vagrancy laws statute of Artificers, 1563 Violence, instability, and religious persecution Desire for land, titles and wealth

Question 27

What industry increased in the 17th century?

Answer 27

Textile

Question 28

What is the fondements of the vagrancy laws

Answer 28

it was prohibited to be unemployed

Question 29

Examples of civil wars within Britain

Answer 29

War of the Roses, Protestant Reformation, Glorious Revolution. = violence, instability and religious persecution

Question 30

T or F: The ‘little ice age” was one of the motives of english migration

Answer 30

True

Question 31

Who’s the first English captain to go to the Americas?

Answer 31

John Cabot. (Giovanni Cabotto)

Question 32

Failed English colonies?

Answer 32

Newfoundland Roanoke Popham

Question 33

How long was the voyage to Virginia

Answer 33

~4 months, stopping by the West Indies

Question 34

How was the location of Jamestown

Answer 34

Terrible: Diseases, unfertility, AND POWHATAN CONFEDERACY

Question 35

How did the relationship with the powhatan nation go at first?

Answer 35

Them and the English almost instantly hated each other

Question 36

What is the Powhatan confederacy?

Answer 36

Alliance of indigenous people in Virginia

Question 37

Why did the POwhatan and the English not get along

Answer 37

ENglish would steal their food kidnap their people for ransom steal their lands Try to convert them to Anglicanism

Question 38

1610, first anglo-powhatan war?

Answer 38

Yes

Question 39

T F: women had a lot of power in the fate of the captives

Answer 39

True, it wasn’t unusual, not a legend

Question 40

What’s the name of the English boyfriend of Pocahontas?

Answer 40

John Rolfe

Question 41

What is the mentality of English people regarding INdigenous people

Answer 41

English definitely could assimilate indigenous people

Question 42

Why did the story of Pocahontas become so popular?

Answer 42

It was heavily popularized

Question 43

On what does the Chesapeake society rely?

Answer 43

tobacco, inequality and slavery.

Question 44

Why did the English bring tobacco to the metropole?

Answer 44

For domestic use and exportations

Question 45

Foundation of the wealth of Virginia?

Answer 45

Tobacco trade

Question 46

What is the local assembly of Virginia

Answer 46

House of Burgesses

Question 47

4 big types of colonies

Answer 47

Corporate colony Proprietary colony Royal colony Charter colony

Question 48

What type of colony is Virginia?

Answer 48

Proprietary colony

Question 49

What were the causes of the frustration of VIrginias colonists’ that led to the Bacon’s rebellion?

Answer 49

Navigation acts: colonial producers could only sell to English markets Rise of the price of tobacco Head tax

Question 50

Another big cause of Bacons rebellion

Answer 50

VIrginia was VERY hierarchical - wealth in the hands of the powerful plantation owners

Question 51

Who was Bacon?

Answer 51

He was not poor, new in the colony. Viewed as a photo-patriot (fighting against royal government) Dies of malaria

Question 52

What were the two camps of the rebellion?

Answer 52

Conflict between established settlers and newbies in the colony, bottom of the pyramid

Question 53

What was the main consequence of Bacon’s rebellion?

Answer 53

Decreasing desire to employ white indentured servants, but rather rely on African enslaved labour

Question 54

Central belief of puritanism

Answer 54

God is All-knowing, he knows who’s going to Heaven (predestination)

Question 55

What is predestination

Answer 55

You are either damned or chosen. There’s nothing you can do to change that.

Question 56

What are the first puritan settlements?

Answer 56

Plymouth Massachussets Bay

Question 57

Who rules in the Massachussets Bay colony?

Answer 57

The church! It’s kind of a theocracy

Question 58

Charter of New England = ?

Answer 58

Attempts of puritan to settle in Caribbean

Question 59

Describe economy in the New england society

Answer 59

based on family units production (rather than slaves or indentured servants)

Question 60

Society in New England?

Answer 60

Organized around town (and the church is the center)

Question 61

Agriculture in early New England?

Answer 61

soil and climate is not suited for agriculture (not fertile)

Question 62

Education in New England?

Answer 62

1636 —-> established to train ministers

Question 63

Paradox of early New England education?

Answer 63

- importance of women in maternal duties (NE and Chesapeake) - ‘Protected’ in paternalistic ways

Question 64

Who is Thomas(sine)

Answer 64

A person that was raised as a woman, gender fluid. (they would be a present-day intersex)

Question 65

T F: Mary Dyer gave birth to a beautiful child

Answer 65

False, she gave birth to a monstrous one

Question 66

Who spoke out agains the puritan entitlement?

Answer 66

Anne Hutchinson

Question 67

Why was Anne Hutchinson considered as a witch

Answer 67

She had miscarriages - it was a sign of demonic possession

Question 68

Where did Anne HUtchinson move?

Answer 68

New Amsterdam (p-d Bronx)