Class 2 - Station 3: Blood Supply to the Gut Tube Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 unpaired branches of the abdominal aorta that supply the gut?

A
  • Coeliac (T12)
  • SMA (L1)
  • IMA (L3)
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2
Q
A
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3
Q

Identify these veins

A

Top to bottom

  • IVC
  • Common hepatic vein
  • Hepatic portal vein
  • Splenic vein
  • Superior mesenteric vein
  • Inferior mesenteric vein
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4
Q

Study this and then answer the questions

A
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5
Q

What are the foregut structures?

A
  • Abdominal part of the oesophagus
  • Stomach
  • 1st and 2nd part of the duodenum
  • Liver
  • Gallbladder
  • Spleen
  • Pancreas
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6
Q

What is the blood supply of the foregut?

A

Coeliac artery

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7
Q

What are the midgut structures and therefore supplied by the SMA?

A
  • 3rd and 4th part of the duodenum
  • Jejunum and ileum
  • Caecum
  • Appendix
  • Ascending colon
  • Proximal 2/3rds of transverse colon
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8
Q

What is the blood supply of the midgut?

A
  • SMA
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9
Q

What are the hindgut structures?

A
  • Distal 2/3rds of the transverse colon
  • Descending colon
  • Sigmoid colon
  • Rectum
  • Upper anal canal
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10
Q

What is the blood supply of the hindgut?

A

IMA

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11
Q

What is a portal system?

A

Any system of blood vessels that has a capillary bed at both ends

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12
Q

What veins join together to form the hepatic portal vein?

A
  • Splenic vein (remember the IMA drains into here)
  • SMA
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13
Q

What are portosystemic (portocaval) anastomoses?

A
  • Blood from the gut tube superior to diaphragm and inferior to the pelvic floor drains into the systemic system
  • This blood needs to enter the portal system so does so at anastomoses
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14
Q

Where are the 4 portosystemic anastomosis?

A
  • Distal oesophagus
  • Rectal (sup. rectal vein)
  • Paraumbilical
  • Retroperitoneal
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15
Q

What can portal hypertension cause in the rectal anastomoses?

A

Haemorrhoids

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16
Q

What can portal hypertension cause in the para-umbilical anastomoses?

A

Caput Medusae

17
Q

What can portal hypertension cause in the oesophageal anastomoses?

A

Oesophageal varices that can rupture and cause bleeds