Class 3 Flashcards
(28 cards)
What is the dramaturgical approach?
It posits that we imagine ourselves as playing certain roles when interacting with others.
What is a self schema? What is self esteem?
It is the beliefs and ideas you have about yourself; they guide and organize the processing of information that is relevant to you. Self esteem is the beliefs about one’s self worth.
What is the difference between self-efficacy and locus of control?
Self-efficacy is how good you think tou are at doing something, while locus of control is whether you think you have control over what happens to you
What is aversive control in an experimental setting?
Name two types of aversive control and their description.
It occurs when behavior is motivated by the reality or threat of something unpleasnat happening. Two types include escape behavior and avoidance behavior. Escape behavior is the TERMINATION of an UNPREDICTED, unpleasnt stimulus that has already occured. Aviodance behavior is the avoidance of a PREDICTABLE, unpleasant stimulus before it is initiated.
Social learning is synonymous with…
vicarious learning/observational learning
Describe social facilitation
It is the tendency to perform better on simple, well-ingrained tasks in front of other. Social facilitation tends to occur for novel, complex tasks.
What situations lead to deindivilization?
Situations where there is a high degree of arousal and a low degree of personal responsibility, like in crowds.
Describe the bystander effect.
Says most people are less likley to help a victim when others are present.
Dscribe the term groupthink.
When desire to acheive harmony and reach a ‘consensus’ decision causes groups to not critically evaulate alternative viewpoints and leads to irrational decsion-making.
When is groupthink more likely to occur?
- the group is OVERLY OPTIMISTIC and strongly believes in its stance
- the group justifies its own decisions and DEMONIZES those of its opponents
- dissenting opinions and facts ARE PREVENTED from permeating the group
- individuals feel PRESSURED TO CENSOR their own opinions in favor of the perceived ‘consensus’
We atrribute behavior to _____ attribution(internal causes) or ______ attribution(external causes.)
dispositional; situational
When we believe that bad things happen to others because of their own actions, we manifest the ___
just world belief
When can a stereotype threat occur?
when people are in situations where they are at risk of confirming negative stereotypes about their own social group
What are the three key elements to persuasion?
message characteristics, source characteristics, and target characteristics
Name and describe the two routes of persuasion
central route- people are persuaded by the content of the argument itself
peripheral route- people focus on superficial or secondary characteristics of the speech or the orator
Difference between the foot in the door and door in the face technique?
Foot in the door technique involves asking for a small request first then a much larger request next; the opposite is true for door in face technique
What is the low ball technique?
This technique involves getting someone to agree to something at a low cost (monetary, time commitment, etc.) and then increasing the cost
What is the ingratiation technique?
This technique involves gaining compliance by first gaining personal approval from an individual first.
What is the norm of reciprocity?
We are more likely to comply with a request from someone who has done us a favor in the past.
Solomon Asch’s experiments focused on _____ while Stanley Milgram’s experiments focused on _____.
Conformity- comparison line test
Obedience- shock learning experiment
Both the Harlows and Mary Ainsworth conducted experiments studying what?
Attachment(baby monkeys and babies)
Describe the following attachment styles: securely attached
Securely attached toddlers happily explore their surroundings while mother is present, cry when she leaves, but are quickly consoled upon her return. They have sensitive and responsive caregivers.
Describe the following attachment styles: ambivalent attachment
When the mother leaves, toddler cries loudly, but remain upset even after her return. Toddler may be inconsolable.
Describe the following attachment styles: avoidant attachment
Toddler demonstrates seeming indifference to mother’s departure and return. Physiological data show that the toddler is in fact experiencing stress.
