Class 3 - Station 1

Question 1

length of the oesophagus

Answer 1

25cm

Question 2

opening of oesophagus is at what vertebral level

Answer 2

T10

Question 3

what else passes through the oesophageal opening

Answer 3

left gastric artery and vein
vagus trunks
lymphatics

Question 4

lymphatic drainage of abdominal oesophagus

Answer 4

left gastric lymph nodes (coeliac)

Question 5

two surfaces of the stomach

Answer 5

anterior and posterior

Question 6

pyloric sphincter is smooth/skeletal muscle

Answer 6

smooth

Question 7

what layer of stomach is the pyloric sphincter formed from

Answer 7

circular layer of muscularis externa

Question 8

ligament that runs between right and left lobe of liver

Answer 8

falciform ligament

Question 9

what does the falciform ligament form inferiorly

Answer 9

round ligament

Question 10

which liver lobe, right or left, is smallest

Answer 10

left

Question 11

congenital condition of pyloric sphincter

Answer 11

congenital pyloric stenosis

Question 12

lesser omentum’s two attachments

Answer 12

lesser curvature of stomach and liver

Question 13

greater omentum’s two attachments

Answer 13

transverse colon and greater curvature of stomach

Question 14

what is the transverse mesocolon

Answer 14

peritoneal fold behind the transverse colon attaching to posterior wall

Question 15

where are rugae most apparent

Answer 15

pylorus and greater curvature

Question 16

sphincter controlling exit of food into duodenum

Answer 16

pyloric sphincter

Question 17

3 arteries that supply the stomach

Answer 17

splenic, left gastric, right gastric

Question 18

aortic branch of stomach supply

Answer 18

coeliac trunk

Question 19

artery branches that run along the inferior of the stomach

Answer 19

left and right gastro-omental

Question 20

3 branches off the coeliac trunk

Answer 20

left gastric splenic and common hepatic

Question 21

right gastric artery branches off from the

Answer 21

common hepatic

Question 22

venous drainage from SMV/IMV to portal vein

Answer 22

IMV + splenic = splenic i guess

splenic + SMV = portal vein

Question 23

4 node groups of stomach

Answer 23

gastric, gastro-omental, pyloric and maybe pancreaticosplenic

Question 24

where do all the stomach lymph nodes drain

Answer 24

into the coeliac nodes (around the coeliac trunk)

Question 25

vagus nerve action on pylorus

Answer 25

open it

Question 26

vagus nerve action on gastric secretion

Answer 26

increases it

Question 27

foregut midgut boundary of small intestine

Answer 27

ampulla/bile duct opening

Question 28

which is the only part of the small small intestine to be retroperitoneal

Answer 28

2nd/3rd parts of duodenum

Question 29

most loopy part of small intestine

Answer 29

jejunum

Question 30

small intestine with longest vasa recta

Answer 30

jejunum

Question 31

thickest and most vascularised small intestine

Answer 31

jejunum

Question 32

small intestine with least fat

Answer 32

jejunum

Question 33

small intestine with large loops in arcade

Answer 33

jejunum

Question 34

autonomic innervation (para/symp) that reduces small intestine motiltiy and secretion (also a vasoconstrictor)

Answer 34

sympathetic

Question 35

retroperitoneal parts of the LI

Answer 35

ascending and descending

Question 36

end of SI connects to the ____

Answer 36

caecum

Question 37

most common position of the appendix

Answer 37

retrocaecal

Question 38

what and where is macburney's point

Answer 38

base of the appendix | 1/3 of the way along a line between right anterior superior iliac spine and umbilicus

Question 39

arterial supply of superior, middle and inferior rectum

Answer 39

sup: IMA --> superior rectal artery mid: middle rectal artery inf: inferior rectal artery

Question 40

venous drainage of the superior, middle and inferior rectum

Answer 40

superior, middle and inferior rectal veins

Question 41

peritonisation of the rectum

Answer 41

retro top 1/3 just anterior middle 1/3 past peritoneum bottom 1/3

Question 42

what are the middle and inferior rectal arteries branches off

Answer 42

the internal iliac artery

Question 43

true/false the middle and inferior rectal veins feed into portal system

Answer 43

false - they go into the IVC, already been really filtered

Question 44

true/false the superior rectal vein feeds into the portal system

Answer 44

true - drains into IMV

Question 45

structures of maintaining faecal continence

Answer 45

internal and external anal sphincters and pelvic floor muscles

Question 46

what changes at the pectinate (dentate) line

Answer 46

epithelium change