Class 4 Flashcards
(20 cards)
Multiple definitions for Parenteral:
- medication given by some means other than the ____ ____
- generally involves administration with a _______
GI tract
needle
Meds given via the GI tract are called
enteral
Parenteral Administrations of Medications
Four Methods
1.
2.
3.
4.
- intradermal
- intravenous
- subcutaneous
- intramuscular
Purposes of IV Therapy
- provide daily __________ _____ if patient cannot or will not adequately drink
- replace fluid ______ which have already occurred
- _______ ______
- ___________/________/_______
- replace ________ losses
- _________/_________
- ____________ _________
- provide a _________ to give IV medications
- replacement fluids
- deficits
- blood loss
- vomiting/diarrhea/drainage
- ongoing
- vomiting/diarrhea
- wound drainage
- route
Primary Line (IV)
Has three important parts
1. ______ ___________
- area where you can count the drops as they fall from the main IV bag
- _______ _________
- regulates the flow rate by increasing or decreasing pressure on the tube - _________ ________
- area where a needle can be instead into the tubing to administer a medication
- Drip chamber
- Roller clamp
- Injection ports
Secondary Line: for medications
(also called ______, _____ __________)
- follow directions of where secondary line should attach to the primary line, usually _________ the drip chamber
- IVPB bag must hang _______ than the primary IV bag— WHY?
- the _______ bag will infuse ______, thus the IVPB infuses ______
- IVPB has separate _____ _____ from primary line
- can regular the IVPB at a different rate than the primary one
- When IVPB bag is completed, primary lines resumes
IVPB, IV piggybacks
- BELOW
- HIGHER
- higher; first; first
- roller clamp
Sites for Intravenous Therapy
- ___________ IV Line
- inserted in the vein in the ____/____
- catheter is only about ____ to ____ inch long
- small veins
- cannot handle ______ infusion volumes
- cannot handle ___________ solutions
- site is generally changed every _____ hours
- Peripheral
- arm/hand
- 1/4; 1
- large
- concentrated
- 72
Sites for Intravenous Therapy
- _________ line
- inserted into a major vein: ________/_______/_______
- catheter is long and ends in the _____ ______ _______
- can accommodate ________ volumes
- can accommodate higher solution concentrations
- remains in place until use complete
- two common types: ___________ and __________
- Central
- jugular/subclavian/femoral
- Superior Vena Cava
- larger
1. Standard
2. PICC
- Standard Central line is inserted ________ and ends _______ (in the heart)
- PICC line is inserted in the _________ and ends _________
- centrally; centrally
- peripheral; centrally
PICC stands for
Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter
Intraosseous (____)
- IV cannula is drilled into the ______ ______
- Patient is not fully ________
- ___________ situations only
- bone marrow
- conscious
- emergency
Electronic Infusion Devices
Volumetric Pump
- measures in ____/____
- uses _______ to infuse and therefore will pump against resistance
- this can be good because it will overcome pressure in central lines
- this can be bad because it will pump even when the IV catheter is out of the vein: ________
- signs/symptoms include: ______,_______,______
- mL/hr
- pressure
- infiltration
- pain, redness, swelling
When flow occurs by gravity in an IV primary line, the bag must be about _____ feet above the patient’s heart
3
Electronic Infusion Devices
Syringe pumps
- for very _____ ______ of medications (<___mL)
- used in Peds, ICU
- Medication comes in a syringe, not a bag
- Better ________, more _______
- Tubing is extremely small in diameter and therefore medication is not left in the tubing
- SMALL volumes; 50
- measurements; accurate
Electronic Infusion Devices
- PCA (_____________)
- Pain can control device (if programmed otherwise allow)
- Patient _____-_________
- Safe parameters are determined by the physician and programmed into the pump
- 3 modes possible
1.
2.
3.
- Patient Controlled Analgesia
- self-administers
1. continuous
2. patient controlled
3. both used together
IV Fluids
- Common volumes of ___mL - ____ mL
- Common abbreviations
D=
W=
S=
NS=
RL=
LR=
- 50;100
Dextrose
Water
Saline
Normal Saline
Ringer’s Lactate
Lactated Ringer’s
IV Fluid Names
- Name indicates ______/_______ of solute in what type of fluid
Frequently used fluids
- D5W=
- D5NS=
- .9NS
- D5 .45NS
- type/amount
- Dextrose 5% in water
- Dextrose 5% in normal saline
- 0.9% normal saline
- Dextrose 5% in 0.45% normal saline
Common Dextrose Values: ____,_____,_____
Common Saline Values: _____,_____,______
2, 5, 10
0.2, 0.45, 0.9
TPN: ______________________
- IV ________
- for patients who cannot eat by mouth because the ___ _______ is not functioning adequately to digest food
- example: _________ ________
- High calories through increased ________ concentration (_____ solution), ______ ______, may also receive ______ emulsions
- REQUIRES a ______ _______ (D___ max peripheral dextrose concentration)
Total Parenteral Nutrition
- Nutrition
- GI System
- Intestinal Obstruction
- glucose (D50); amino acids; fat
- Central Line (10)
Four Common Drop Factors
____________ (big drops)
1.
2.
3.
___________ (small-more precise)
4.
Macrodrip
1. 10 gtt/mL
2. 15 gtt/mL
3. 20 gtt/mL
Microdrip or minidrip
4. 60 gtt/mL
