Class Differences In Educational Achievement Flashcards
How did Gerwitz find that WC parents are at a disadvantage because of parental choice?
Middle class parents use cultural capital to choose skilfully in the educational market.
How did Becker’s interviews with teachers in Chicago funded the idea of streaming?
Becker found that the student’s abilities was determined by how teachers labelled them. Middle class pupils were generally considered ‘ideal’ pupils for the school. This means middle class pupils end up in higher sets/streams.
Rosenthal and Jacobson’s self-fulfilling prophecy experiment
Fake IQ test made teachers believe some students were brighter and in the end those were the students that achieved higher.
What does Lacey say about labelling?
Lacey states that pupil subcultures emerge in response to labelling, therefore labelling can creat success or failure.
Schools need high achieving pupils to attract funding and get a high league table position. Educational triage-sorting is used to sort the students who don’t do well and reject them.
Whose theory is that and what is it’s name
A-C Economy from Gillborn and Youdell
Main points for Bernstein’s theory of the impact of language codes in academic success
Restricted code = vocabulary based on slangs. Descriptive language. Context bound. Predictable and often uses unfinished sentences. Makes use of gestures.
Elaborated code = Wider vocabulary, proper grammar. Descriptive, analytical and evaluative. Context-free. Same code as teachers.
Why does Keddie argue that cultural deprivation is a victim blaming explanation? What is this theory’s name?
The myth of cultural deprivation
Children cannot be deprived of culture. They simply have a culture with values that differ from the middle class’ values
What class does better at
GCSEs and stays longer in full-time Education?
Percentage of Free School Meals children who achieved 5 A*-C in English and Maths
Percentage of Non Free School Meals children who achieved 5 A*-C in English and Maths
According to the Sutton Trust database how many pupils did Eton College (with a fee of £42,501 per year) send to Oxbridge and how many state schools sent 0?
Middle class children/pupils
36%
59%
Sutton Trust - Eton College sent 211 students to Oxbridge but 1300 sate schools sent 0.
What chain of reasoning does Douglas carry for the success of working class pupils based that their parents are often less educated than MC parents
Douglas found that WC parents are less supportive, less involved, less ambitious, and less encouraging which leads to their children being less interested in education.
4 values of the working class’s subculture that limit success according to Sugarman
- Fatalism
- Collectivism - Success of an individual is less important than the group altogether
- Immediate gratification
- Present time orientation
What is a Habitus and who came up with that definition?
Bourdieu defined that a habitus is the way individuals perceive the social world and react to it.
