Class Exam Prep Flashcards
How would you support recovery of a person in a forensic mental health setting who is experiencing negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
A person experiencing negative symptoms of schizophrenia may have absences or reduction of their thought process, emotions and behaviours that were present prior to the onset of illness. These negative symptoms could include, anhedonia (inability to feel pleasure in normally pleasurable activities), avolition (a lack of interest or engagement in goal-directed behaviour and alogia (poverty of speech), student nurses can support recovery in forensic mental health facilities through borne of hope which is emphasising potential health gains and positive health outcomes in collaboration with patient and whanau. Creating a supportive environment using positive language and empowering self determination, facilitating self, help and personal responsibility. Redefining who they are in a forensic mental health setting, strengths focussed care building independence though development of life skills and developing education on their illness to promote patient engagement
4 complications of diabetes?
- Neuropathy
- Nephropathy
- Retinopathy
-Cardiovascular disease
What question would you ask to assess mood? .
On a scale of one to ten one being the lowest you’ve ever felt and ten being the best you’ve ever felt, how would you describe your mood?
A question you would ask to assess perception?
Can you see or hear anything apart from me and my voice?
What question would you ask to assess cognition?
Can you spell the word world backwards for me?
Two factors to diagnose intellectual disability?
- Has an IQ of below 70
- Adaptive behaviour and functioning skill’s - the person does not have the skill’s to live independently
What is double stigma in forensic?
Negative attitudes and discrimination towards people with both a mental illness and a history of criminal offending. This dual stigma arises from misconceptions about mental health and criminal behaviour, leading to barriers.
What are the recovery barriers in forenstic’s?
- The stigma associated with being an offender
- Having a major mental illness
- Cramped and overcrowded conditions
Positive schizophrenia symptoms?
Thought disorder
Delusionals
Hallucinations
What is diagnostic overshadowing?
where healthcare professionals attribute a person’s physical symptoms to their existing mental illness or disability, rather than exploring other potential issues
What question would you ask to assess judgement?
What would you do if the building was on fire
Define delirium?
Sudden onset of confusion or change in mental status that can occur in a short time
Describe two strategies a nurse could apply with people at each of the following stages of stage:
Contemplation
Use motivational interviewing: engage in open non judgmental conversations to explore pro’s and con’s and risk’s and benefits of staying the same
Provide education and information: offer clear and respectful information about the health issue and potential benefits of change, this supports informed decision making without pressuring the person
The client is aware of their issue but remain ambivalent to change.
The therapist can weigh up pros and cons and benefits and risks of substance use.
Describe two strategies a nurse could apply with people at each of the following stages of stage:
Action
Offer practical support:
Help set small, realistic goals to provide tools or resources to support change, e.g medication schedules, support groups, coping strategies
Reinforce progress and encourage:
Acknowledge efforts and celebrate successes, no matter how small. Positive feedback strengthens motivation and helps sustain momentum during the changing early phases of change
Actual behaviour for change commences. The client implements a realistic plan.
The therapist and client monitor progress even small success.
Analyse two ethical principles in regard to harm reduction in regard to alcohol and drug
Autonomy
Non - maleficence (do no harm)
Describe the client teaching that should be untaken for a patient who has been prescribed anxiolytic medication?
- Short term management only
- It can have sedating effects and it is addictive
Describe two strategies a nurse could apply with people at each of the following stages of stage:
Pre complementation
Built awareness and understanding: Explain the benefits and potential positive outcomes of the change to the person.
Actively listen and be empathic:
Create a safe space for individuals to express their concerns and fears without judgment. Listen attentively and acknowledge their feelings to build trust and rapport.
The client has no intention for changing. In denial about the need for change
The therapist works to increase awareness about the problem whilst remaining non-judgemental. Rapport is essential during this phase
Describe two strategies a nurse could apply with people at each of the following stages of stage:
Maintenance
Reinforce positive behaviour: Acknowledge and celebrate milestones achieved, identify their strengths and build confidence in their ability to continue making healthy choices.
Provide ongoing support to prevent relapse:
Connect patient with resources, information and support groups, to help them feel connected and supported
Behaviour changes have been achieved and the client has developed a new lifestyle vigilant to avoid relapse
Explain how you can support someone experiencing delirium?
Low stimulus environment
Day/Night routine - helps to improve their sleep-wake cycle, reduce agitation and improve overall cognitive function
Clear simple communication - can help reduce confusion, anxiety and the risk of falls
Encourage food and fluids - proper nutrition and hydration are vital for overall health, adequate intake supports brain function and prevents dehydration
Define sundowning?
When a patient is diagnosed with dementia becomes more confused, anxious or restless. in the late afternoon or evening. Can involve behaviours such as anxiety, irritability, difficulty sleeping and aggression
How to support someone experiencing sundowning?
Low stimulus environment
Day/Night routine
Maintain consistent routine
Assess MSE
Ensure patient safety
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
Avolition (a lack of interest or engagement in goal-directed behavior)
Anhedonia (the inability to experience pleasure or joy)
Alogia (poverty of speech)
How can the negative symptoms of schizophrenia impede the recovery process?
These symptoms make it harder for the individuals to engage in daily actinides, maintain relationships, participate in treatment which hinders the recovery process
Describe two strategies a nurse could apply with people at each of the following stages of stage:
Preparation
Identify and address potential triggers and barriers:
Recognise potential triggers and obstacles that might hinder progress. Developing strategies to overcome these triggers and barriers can help the individual stay focused and committed to their goals.
Set goals:
Can enable direction and motivation, can help people build a new mindset and vision for their future to maintain motivation in their recovery journey
The client intents to change, but might be confused about the best way to do so
The therapist will inspire realistic hope and offer choices to help determine best course of action. Both work together to create a plan for change
