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STEP1 > Classic Findings > Flashcards

Classic Findings Flashcards

1
Q

Anticentromere antibodies

A

Scleroderma

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2
Q

Antidesmoglein antibodies

A

Pemphis vulgaris

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3
Q

Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies

A

Goodpasture’s syndrome

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4
Q

Antihistone bodies

A

Drug induced SLE

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5
Q

Anti-IgG antibodie

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

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6
Q

Antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA)

A

primary biliary cirrhosis

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7
Q

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs)

A

Vasculitis

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8
Q

Antiplatelet antibodies

A

Idopthathic thrombocytopenia purpura

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9
Q

Anti-topoisomerase antibodies

A

Diffuse systemic scleroderma

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10
Q

Anti-transglutaminase/anit-gliadin/anti-endomysial antibodies

A

Celiac disease

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11
Q

Apple core lesion on abdominal x-ray

A

Colorectal cancer (L sided)

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12
Q

Azurophilic peroxidase-positive granular inclusions in granulocytes adn myeloblasts

A

Auer rods (especially [M3] type)

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13
Q

Bacitractin response

A

Sensitive: GAS Resistant: GBS

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14
Q

Bamboo spine on x-ray

A

Ankylosing spondylitis

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15
Q

Basophilic nuclear remnants in RBCs

A

Howell-Jolly bodies

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16
Q

Basophilic stippling of RBCs

A

Lead poisoning or sideroblastic anemia

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17
Q

Bloody tap on LP

A

subarachnoid hemorrhage

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18
Q

Boot shaped heart on x-ray

A

Tetralogy of Fallot, RVH

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19
Q

Branching gram-positive rods with sulfur granules

A

actinomyces israelii

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20
Q

Bronchogenic apical lung tumor on imaging

A

Pancoast tumor

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21
Q

Brown tumor of bone

A

Hyperparathyroidism or osteitis firosa cystica

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22
Q

Cardiomegaly with apical arophy

A

Chagas disease

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23
Q

Cellular cresecents in Bowman’s capsule

A

Rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis

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24
Q

Chocolate cyst of ovary

A

Endometriosis

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25
Q

Circular grouping of dark tumor cells surrounding pale neurofibrils

A

Homer-Wright rosettes (neuroblastoma, meduloblastoma, retinoblastoma)

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26
Q

Colonies of mucoid Pseudomonas in lungs

A

Cystic fibrosis

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27
Q

Decreased alpha fetoprotein in amniotic fluid/maternal serum

A

Down syndrome or other chromosomal abnormality

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28
Q

Degneration of dorsal column nerves

A

Tabes dorsalis (tertiary syphilis), subacute cmobined degeneration

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29
Q

Depigmentation of neurons in substancia nigra

A

Parkinson’s disease

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30
Q

Desquamated epithelium casts in sputum

A

Curshman’s spirals

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31
Q

Disarrayed granulosa cells in eosinophilic fluid

A

Call-Exner bodies

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32
Q

Dysplastic squamous cervical cells with nuclear enlargement and hyperchromsia

A

Koilocytes (HPV)

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33
Q

Enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusion bodies

A

Owls eyes

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34
Q

Enlarged thyroid cells with ground glass nuceli

A

Orphan Annie’s eyes nuclei (papillary carcinoma of thryoid)

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35
Q

Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in liver cell

A

Mallory bodies (Alcoholic liver disease)

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36
Q

Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in nerve cell

A

lewy body (PD)

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37
Q

Eosinophlic globule in liver

A

Councilman body (toxic or viral hepatitis)

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38
Q

Eosiniophilic inclusion bodies in cytoplasm of hippocampal nerve cells

A

Negri bodies of liver

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39
Q

Extracellular amyloid deposition in gray matter of brain

A

Senile plaques (AD)

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40
Q

Giant B cells with bilobed nuclei with prominent inclusions

A

Reed-Sternberg cells (Hodgkin’s lymphoma)

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41
Q

Glomeruls-like structure surrounding vessel in germ cells

A

Schiller-Duval bodies (yolk sac tumor)

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42
Q

Hair on end appearence on x-ray

A

Beta-thalessemi, sickle cell anemia

43
Q

hCG elevated

A

Choriocarcinoma, hydatidiform mole

44
Q

Heart nodules

A

Aschoff bodies (rheumatic fever)

45
Q

Heterphile antibodies

A

Infectious mononucleosis

46
Q

Hexagonal, double pointed, needle-like crystals in bronchial secretions

A

Bronchial asthma

47
Q

High level of d-dimers

A

DVT, pulomonary embolism, DIC

48
Q

Hilar lymphadeonapthy, periperhal granulomatous lesion in middle or lower lung lobes (can calcify)

A

Ghon complex (primary TB)

49
Q

Honeycomb lung on xray or CT

A

Interstitial pulomnary fibrosis

50
Q

Hypercoagability

A

Trossusseau’s syndrome (adenocarcinoma of pancreas or lung)

51
Q

Hypersegemented neutrophils

A

Megaloblastic anemia

52
Q

Hypertension, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis

A

Conn’s syndrome

53
Q

Hypochromic, microcytic anemia

A

Iron def. anemia, lead poisoning, thalassemia

54
Q

Increased alpha-fetoprotein in amniot fluid/maernal serum

A

Dating error, anecephaly, spina bifida (neural tube defects)

55
Q

Increased uric acid levels

A

Gout, Lesch-nyan syndrome, tumor lysis syndrome, loop and thiazide diuretics

56
Q

Intranuclear eosinophilic droplet like bodies

A

Cowdry type A bodies (HSV or CMV)

57
Q

Iron containing nodules in alveolar septum

A

Ferriginous bodies (asbestosis –> increased meshothelioma)

58
Q

Keratin pearls on a skin biopsy

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

59
Q

Large lysosomal vesicles in phagocytes, immunodeficiency

A

Chediak-Higashi disease

60
Q

Lead pipe appearence of colon on barium enema xray

A

Ulcerative colitis (loss of haustra)

61
Q

Linear appearence of IgG depoistion on glomerular basement membrane

A

Goodpasture’s syndrome

62
Q

Low serum ceruloplasmin

A

Wilson’s disease

63
Q

Lumpy bumpy appearnce of gomerule on immunoflourescence

A

Poststreptoccol glomerulonephritis (iimune complex deposition of IgG and C3b)

64
Q

Lytic bone lesions on xray

A

Multiple myeloma

65
Q

Mammary gland cyst

A

Fibrocystic change of the breast

66
Q

Monoclonal antibody spike

A

Multiple myeloma: Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined signifigiance, Waldenstorms macroglobulinemia, Primary amyloidosis

67
Q

Mucin filled cell with peripheral nucleus

A

Signet ring (gastric carcinoma)

68
Q

Narrowing of bowel lumen on barium xray

A

String sign (Crohn’s disease)

69
Q

Necrotizing vasculitis and necrotizing glomerulonephriti

A

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis adn Goodpasture’s syndrome

70
Q

Needle shaped negative birefringent crystals

A

Gout (monosodium urate crystals)

71
Q

Nodular hyaline deposits in glomeruli

A

Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules (diabetic nephropathy)

72
Q

Novobiocin response

A

Sensitive: S. epidermidis Resistant : S saprophyticus

73
Q

Nutmeg appearence of liver

A

Chronic passive congestion of liver due to right heart failure

74
Q

Onion skin periosteal reaction

A

Ewing’s sarcoma

75
Q

Optochin respomse

A

Sensitive: S. pneumoniae, Resistnace : Viridans streptococcus

76
Q

Periosteum raised from bone, creating triangular area

A

Codman’s triangle on xray (osteosarcoma, Ewing’s sarcoma, pyogeni osteomyelitis)

77
Q

Podocyte effacement on electron micropscopy

A

Minimal change disease

78
Q

Polished ivory like appearence on bone cartilage

A

Eburnation

79
Q

Pasammoma bodies

A

Menagiomas, papillary thryoid carcinoma, mesothelioma, papilarry serous carcinoma fo the endometrium and ovary

80
Q

Pseudopalisading tumor cells on brain biopsy

A

Gliobalsota multiforme

81
Q

RBC casts in urine

A

Acute glomerulonephritis

82
Q

Rectangular crystal like, cytoplasmic inclusions in Leydig cells

A

Reinke crystals (Leydig cell tumor)

83
Q

Renal epithelial casts in urine

A

Acute toxic/viral nephrosis

84
Q

Rhomboid crystals, positively bifringement

A

Pseudogout (calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals)

85
Q

Rib notching

A

coartaction of the aorta

86
Q

Ring-enhancing brain lesion in AIDs

A

toxoplasma gondii, CNS lymphoma

87
Q

Sheets of medium sized lymphoid cells with scattered pale tingible body-laden macrophages (starry sky)

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma (t[8,14], c-myc activation)

88
Q

Silver staining spherical aggregation of tau proteins in neurons

A

Pick bodies

89
Q

Soap bubble in femur or tibia on xray

A

Giant cell tumor of bone

90
Q

Spikes on basement membrane, dome-like subepithelial deposits

A

Membranous glomerulonephritis (may progress to nephrotic syndrome)

91
Q

Stacks of RBCs

A

Roleaus formation (high ESR, MM)

92
Q

Stipppled vaginal epithelial cells

A

Clue cells (gardnerella vaginalis)

93
Q

Tennis racket shaped cytoplasmi organelles in Langerharn cells

A

Birbeck granules (Langerhans cell histiocytosis or histocytosis X)

94
Q

Thrombi mage of red/white layers

A

Lines of Zane (arterial thrombus, layers of platlets/RBCs)

95
Q

Thumb sign on lateral xray

A

Epiglottitis (Baemophilus influenzae)

96
Q

Thyroid like appearence of kidney

A

Chronic bacterial glomerulonephritis

97
Q

Tram-track appearence of capillary loops of glomerular basement membrane on light microscopy

A

membranoproliferative glomerulopnephritis

98
Q

Triglyceride accumulation in liver cell vacuoles

A

Fatty liver disease (alcholic or metabolic)

99
Q

Waxy casts with very low yrin flow

A

Chronic end stage renal disease

100
Q

WBC casts in urine

A

Acute pyelonephritis

101
Q

WBCs that look smudged

A

CLL (almost always B)

102
Q

Wire loop glomerular capillary appearnece on light microscopy

A

Lupu nephropathy

103
Q

Welloish CSF

A

Xanthochromia (due to subarachnoid hemorrhage)

STEP1 (2 decks)

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