Classic Presentations Flashcards
(28 cards)
A teenager develops a painful throat and lethargy
Pharyngitis
A patient with pharyngitis/tonsilitis/otitis media develops pain, tenderness and swelling behind the ear. They also experience otalgia, fever and headaches.
Mastoiditis
A teenager develops fever, sore throat, odynophagia, halitosis, lymphadenopathy and exudates on tonsils.
Bacterial tonsillitis
A patient with tonsillitis develops unilateral throat pain and odynophagia. On examination there is trismus and medial displacement of tonsil and uvula
Peri-tonsillar abscess (quinsy)
A baby presents with excessive drooling, pyrexia and stridor
Epiglottitis
A child presents with a severe sore throat with a grey white membrane across the pharynx
Diptheria
A patient presents with white patches on top of red, raw mucous membranes in the mouth and throat that can be scraped off
Candida/Thrush
A teenager presents with fever, cervical lymphadenopathy, sore throat, gross tonsillar enlargement with membranous exudate, lethargy and hepatosplenomegaly
Infectious mononucleosis/”glandular fever”
A pre-school aged child presents with systemic upset, local lymphadenopathy and vesicles & ulcers on the lips, buccal mucosa and hard palate
Primary gingivostomatitis due to HSV1
A pre-school aged child presents with vesicles/ulcers on the soft palate
Herpangina due to coxsakie virus
A child presents with a sore throat, fever and loss of appetite. On examination you see ulcers in the mouth and a rash of flat discolored spots/blisters on the palms of the hands, soles of the feet and the buttocks
Hand, foot and mouth disease
A young patient presents with a recurrent, painful ulcer in the mouth with an inflammatory halo. There are no systemic symptoms
Apthous ulcer
A patient presents with earache. On examination you see a red and bulging tympanic membrane
Acute otitis media
A patient presents with an itchy and painful ear. On examination you see redness and swelling of the ear canal
Otitis externa
A patient with otitis externa develops pain and a headache more severe than clinical signs would suggest
Malignant otitis externa
A patient presents with pain over the sinuses that is referred to the teeth. They also have purulent nasal discharge, a headache and a fever
Sinusitis (likely bacterial)
A patient presents with unilateral hearing loss, tinnitus and vertigo. Examination shows the hearing loss to be sensorineural
Vestibular Schwannoma/ acoustic neuroma
A woman >60 presents with a swelling of the parotid gland
Pleomorphic adenoma - most common salivary gland tumour
A man >50 presents with a swelling in the parotid gland
Warthin’s tumour - second most common salivary gland tumour
A patient who has just experienced high velocity trauma presents with battle sign bruising (around eyes or behind ears/back of head), hearing loss, vertigo and facial palsy
Temporal bone fracture
A young boy is brought to clinic for a >3 month history of hearing loss. There is no associated pain or fever. On examination there is TM retraction, reduced TM mobility, altered TM colour and visible fluid bubbles. Testing shows conductive hearing loss
Glue ear/otitis media with effusion
A patient presents with unilateral, persistent, watery, smelly ear discharge and gradual unilateral hearing loss
Cholesteatoma
A patient presents with progressive hearing loss. Examination shows a normal TM and no evidence of middle ear inflammation. Tests show the hearing loss is conductive
Otosclerosis
A patient complains of spells of brief vertigo that occur when moving their head quickly or changing head position. Hallpike’s tests shows nystagmus
Benign positional paroxysmal vertigo
