Classic Treatments Flashcards
(124 cards)
1
Q
Absence seizures
A
Ethosuximide
2
Q
Acute gout attack
A
NSAIDs
Colchicine is second line
3
Q
APML
A
All-trans retinoic acid
4
Q
ADHD
A
Mehylphenidate
Amphetamines
5
Q
Alcohol abuse
A
AA+disulfiram for patient
Al-Anon for family
6
Q
Alcohol withdrawal
A
Benzodiazepines
7
Q
Anorexia
A
SSRI’s
8
Q
Anticoagulation in pregnancy
A
Heparin
9
Q
Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue
A
Class IB antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine, tocainide)
10
Q
B12 deficiency
A
Vitamin B12
Workup cause with Schilling test
11
Q
BPH
A
Tamulosin
Finasteride
12
Q
Bipolar disorder
A
Lithium
Valproate
Carbamazepine
Lamotrigine
13
Q
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women
A
Aromatase inhibitor such as anastrozole
14
Q
Beurger’s disease
A
Stop Smoking
15
Q
Bulimia
A
SSRI’s
16
Q
Candida albicans
A
Amphotericin B for systemic
Nystatin for oral thrush and esophagitis
17
Q
Carcinoid syndrome
A
Octreotide
18
Q
Chlamydia trachomatis
A
Doxycycline or Azithromycin (plus ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection)
Erythromycin eye drops for prophylaxis in infants
19
Q
Chronic gout
A
Probenecid in an underexcreter
Allopurinol in an overproducer
20
Q
Chronic hepatitis
A
IFN-alpha
21
Q
CML
A
Imatinib
22
Q
Clostridium botulinum
A
Antitoxin
23
Q
Clostridium difficile
A
Oral metronidazole
If refractory, oral vancomycin
24
Q
Clostridium tetani
A
Antitoxin + vaccine booster + diazepam
25
Crohn's disease
Corticosteroids, infliximab
26
Cryptococcus neoformans
Fluconazole (prophylaxis in AIDS patients)
27
Cyclophosphamide induced hemorrhagic cystitis
Mesna
28
Cystic fibrosis
N-acetylcysteine + antipseudomonal prophylaxis (tobramycin/azithromycin)
29
CMV
Ganciclovir
30
Depression
SSRI's
31
Diabetes insipidus
Desmopressin (central)
| Hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)
32
T1DM
Dietary intervention + insulin replacement
33
T2DM
Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics, and insulin
34
DKA
Fluids
Insulin
K+
35
Enterococci
Vancomycin/ampicillin + aminoglycoside
36
ED
Sildenafil
| Vardenafil
37
ER + breast cancer
Tamoxifen
38
Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication
Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)
| Also can give ethanol
39
Haemophilus influenza B
Rifampin (prophylaxis)
40
Generalized anxiety disorder
Buspirone
41
Heparin toxicity (acute)
Protamine sulfate
42
HER2/neu positive breast cancer
Trastuzumab
43
Hyperaldosteronism
Spironolactone
44
Hypercholesterolemia
Statin
45
Immediate anticoagulation
Heparin
46
Infertility
Leuprolide
| Pulsatile GnRH
47
Influenza
Rimantadine
| Oseltamivir
48
Legionella pneumophila
Erythromycin
49
Long term anticoagulation
Warfarin
50
Malaria
Chloroquine/mefloquine (for blood schizont)
Primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)
51
Malignant hyperthermia
Dantrolene
52
Medical abortion
Mefepristone
53
Migraine
Sumatriptan
54
MRSA
Vancomycin
Clindamycin in kids
55
Multiple sclerosis
beta-interferon
Immunosuppression
Natalizumab
56
TB
Rifampin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol
57
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Ceftriaxone (add doxycycline or azithromycin for Chlamydia treatment)
58
Neisseria meningitidis
Penicillin/ceftriaxone
| Rifampin (prophylaxis)
59
Neural tube defects
Prenatal folic acid supplementation
60
Osteomalacia/rickets
Vitamin D supplementation
61
Osteoperosis
Bisphosphanates
| Calcium and Vitamin D supplementation
62
PDA
Indomethacin
63
Pheochromocytoma
alpha-antagonists (phenoxybenzamine)
64
Pneumocystis jirovecii
TMP-SMX (prophylaxis in AIDS patient)
65
Prolactinoma
Bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)
66
Prostate cancer/uterine fibroids
Leuprolide
| GnRH (continuous)
67
Prostate carcinoma
Flutamide
68
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Antipseudomonal penicillin + aminoglycoside
69
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (idiopathic)
Sildenafil
Bosentan
Epoprostenol
70
Rickettsia rickettsii
Doxycycline
| Chloramphenicol (especially in context of aplastic anemia)
71
Ringworm infections
Terbinafine
Griseofulvin
Imidazole
72
Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)
5-HT2A antagonists (second generation antipsychotics)
73
Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)
D2 receptor antagonists (first and second generation antipsychotics)
74
SIADH
Demeclocycline
Lithium
Vasopressin receptor antagonists
75
Sickle cell anemia
Hydroxyurea (increased fetal hemoglobin)
76
Sporothrix schenckii
Oral potassium chloride
77
Stable angina
Sublingual nitroglycerin
78
Staphylococcus aureus
MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin
MRSA: vancomycin
79
Streptococcus bovis
Penicillin prophylaxis
| Evaluation for colon cancer linked to endocarditis
80
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Penicilin/cephalosporin (systemic infection/pneumonia)
| Vancomycin (meningitis)
81
Streptococcus pyogenes
Penicillin prophylaxis
82
Temporal arteritis
High dose steroids
83
Tonic clonic seizures
Phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine
84
Toxoplasma gondii
Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
85
Treponema pallidum
Penicillin G
86
Trichomonas vaginalis
Metronidazole (patient and partner)
87
Ulcerative colitis
5-ASA
| Infliximab
88
UTI prophylaxis
TMP-SMX
89
Warfarin toxicity
```
Fresh frozen plasma (acute)
Vitamin K (chronic)
```
90
Wegener's granulomatosis with polyangitis
Cyclophosphamide
| Corticosteroids
91
Pituitary tumor
Prolactinoma, somatotropic acidophile" adenoma"
92
Primary amenorrhea
Turner syndrome (45XO)
93
Primary bone tumor (adults)
Multiple myeloma
94
Primary hyperaldosteronism
Adenoma of adrenal cortex
95
Primary hyperparathryoidism
Adenomas, hyperplasia, carcinoma
96
Primary liver cancer
Hepatocellular carcinoma (chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, hemochromatosis, A-1-A deficiency)
97
Pulmonary hypertension
COPD
98
Recurrent inflammation/thrombosis of small/medium vessels in extremities
Buerger's disease (strongly associated with tobacco)
99
Renal tumor
Renal cell carcinoma: associated with VHL and cigarette smoking; paraneoplastic syndrome (EPO, renin, PTH, ACTH)
100
Right heart failure due to pulmonary cause
Cor pulmonale
101
S3 (protodiastolic gallop)
Increased ventricular filling- left to right shunt, mitral regurgitation, LV failure (CHF)
102
S4 (presystolic gallop)
Stiff/hypertrophic ventricle-- aortic stenosis, restrictive cardiomyopathy
103
Secondary hyperparathyroidism
Hypocalcemia of chronic kidney disease
104
STD
Chlamydia-- usually coinfected with gonorrhea
105
SIADH
Small cell carcinoma of the lung (oat cell)
106
Site of diverticula
Sigmoid colon
107
Sites of atherosclerosis
Abdominal aorta > coronary artery > popliteal artery > carotid artery
108
Stomach carcinoma
Adenocarcinoma
109
Stomach ulcerations and high gastrin levels
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (gastrinoma of duodenum or pancreas)
110
t(14;18)
Follicular lymphomas (bcl-2 activation)
111
t (8;14)
Burkitt's lymphoma (c-myc activation)
112
t(9;22)
Philadelphia chromosome, CML (bcr-abl fusion gene)
113
Temporal arteritis
Risk of ipsilateral blindness due to thrombosis of ophthalmic artery; polymalgia rheumatica
114
Testicular tumor
Seminoma
115
Thyroid cancer
Papillary carcinoma
116
Tumor in women
Leiomyoma- estrogen dependent, not precancerous
117
Tumor in infancy
Hemangioma- usually regresses spontaneously by childhood
118
Tumor in men
Lipoma is most common (according to Goljan)
119
Tumor of the adrenal medulla (adults)
Pheochromocytoma (usually benign)
120
Tumor of the adrenal medulla (children)
Neuroblastoma (malignant)
121
Type of Hodgkin's
Nodular Sclerosis
Mixed cellularity
Lymphocytic predominance
Lymphocytic depletion
122
UTI
E. coli, Staph saprophyticus (young women)
123
Viral encephalitis affecting the temporal lobe
HSV-1
124
Vitamin deficiency (U.S)
Folate-- pregnant women are at high risk; body stores only 3 to 4 month supply; prevents neural tube defects
