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Music Appreciation > Classical and Romantic Music (Test 2) > Flashcards

Classical and Romantic Music (Test 2) Flashcards

1
Q

Joseph II of Vianna

A

Enlightened emperor who was an amateur musician and a strong supporter of the arts

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2
Q

Vienna

A

Musical capital of Europe during the classical period

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3
Q

Program music

A

Music that tells a story or describes a picture or theme

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4
Q

String quartet

A

Chamber ensemble comprised of 4 musicians from the string section of an orchestra

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5
Q

Aristocratic patronage

A

System of employment whereby composers could earn a living

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6
Q

Nationalism

A

A strong feeling of pride for one’s country

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7
Q

Absolute music

A

Music with no literary association

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8
Q

Chamber music

A

Music designed to be preformed in small rooms and intimate settings

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9
Q

Symphony

A

Most important genre of instrumental music during the classical period (has 4 movements)

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9
Q

Symphony

A

Most important genre of instrumental music during the classical period (has 4 movements)

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10
Q

Requiem

A

A religious mass was a religious composition written to honor the dead

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11
Q

Sonata form/Sonata Allegro form

A

Musical form containing exposition, development, recaappitulation

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12
Q

Rubato

A

A musical technique whereby the tempo slows down or speeds up to produce a dramatic effect for the listener. It’s used a great deal in piano pieces

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13
Q

Mozart

A

A “Child prodigy” who grew up performing for the courts of Europe

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14
Q

Haydn

A

Classical period composer known as the “father” of the symphony

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15
Q

Beethoven

A

General composer who bridged the classical and romantic period

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16
Q

Chopin

A

Polish composer who was known as the “poet of the piano”

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17
Q

Tchaikovsky

A

Russian composer known as the ”master of melody”

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18
Q

Hayden

A

Served as court composer to the Esterhazy family for over 30 years

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19
Q

Beethoven

A

Became the first “freelance” composer in history, he lost his hearing by age 32

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20
Q

Schubert

A

Austrian composer who said “my music is a combination of my talent and misery.”

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21
Q

Mozart

A

Could write down music from memory after hearing it once

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22
Q

Berlioz

A

French composer who’s infatuation with hurried smithson resulted in a famous program symphony. The wrote the first book on “orchestration”

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23
Q

Beethoven

A

German composer who considered himself equal to the aristocracy. His music is performed al recorded more than any other in music history

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24
Q

Mozart

A

A composer who died young, poor, and was buried in an unmarked grave

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25
Q

Liszt

A

Hungarian composer captivated his audiences with a “rock- star” like personality and is considered the greatest virtuoso pianist of the romantic period

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26
Q

Schubert

A

Austrian composer famous for his “Art songs” to kind und in poverty and was forced to sell many of his compositions for the price of a meal

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27
Q

Tchaikovsky

A

Russian compose famous for composing “The Nutcracker” ballet

28
Q

Musical era where the two primary sources of inspiration were “nature” and the “occult”

A

Romantic

29
Q

Musical era that ushered in “comic opera”

A

Classical

30
Q

Musical era that saw the emergence of a skilled performer known as a “virtuoso”

A

Romantic

31
Q

Musical era that saw the emergence of the woodwind section of the orchestra

A

classical

32
Q

Musical era that saw an increased timbre (tone color) due to the expanded size of the orchestra.

A

Romantic

33
Q

Musical era that saw a rise in the performance of “chamber music” such as the string quartet

A

classical

34
Q

Musical era that aligns with the period known as the “Age of Enlightenment” or “Age of Reason”

A

classical

35
Q

Musical era that saw increased use of crescendo and decrescendo in dynamics

A

Classical

36
Q

Musical era where composers sought greater “emotion” and subjectivity in their music

A

romantic

37
Q

Musical era where the composer’s point of view was intellectual and considered “objective”.

A

classical

38
Q

Musical era that saw the emergence of the brass section of the orchestra

A

romantic

39
Q

This period of music saw the invention of the “miniature composition” for piano

A

romantic

40
Q

this period of music witnessed increased “chromaticism” creating tension and suspense

A

romantic

41
Q

This era of music saw the introduction and development of the genre known as symphony

A

classical

42
Q

This era of music saw musicians look to Ancient Greece and Rome for inspiration

A

classical

43
Q

This period of music saw the invention of “program music”

A

romantic

44
Q

This period of music saw a rise in the public concert

A

classical

45
Q

This era of music began as a “literary movement” at the beginning of the 19th century

A

romantic

46
Q

This period of music featured graceful and tuneful melodies with a simple accompaniment

A

classical

47
Q

This era of music saw the composer’s point of view which was emotional and considered “subjective”.

A

romantic

48
Q

This period of music utilized forms such as Rondo, and theme & variations

A

classical

49
Q

The period of music that featured the musical form known as the “art song”

A

romantic

50
Q

The music of this era moved from being “simple” to “complex” and emotional

A

romantic

51
Q

composers of this musical era strived for balanced proportions in their music

A

classical

52
Q

During this period of music the center of musical activity shifted away from Vienna, Austria to Paris, France

A

romantic

53
Q

Why (in accordance with the “Amadeus” movie) is Mozart considered one of the greatest composers of all time?

A

-he was a child prodigy
-he was a virtuoso pianist
-he could hear a piece of music once and play it back identically
-he composed successfully in every musical genre of his day

54
Q

How did the industrial revolution influence the music of the Romantic period?

A

there was mass production of musical instruments that drove down the price while also increasing their quality. Also, the piano was given a cast iron frame making it a powerful solo instrument.

55
Q

How did the size and role of the orchestra change during the Romantic period?

A

The symphony grew and the brass section was fully implemented which expanded its tone color (timbre).

56
Q

Why is Beethoven considered by many to be the greatest musical composer of all time?

A

-his music is still widely preformed/recorded today
-despite being totally deaf, he wrote some of the greatest music of his life time.
-he was the first freelance composer of his day
-he elevated the status of a composer from servent to artist
-his life/work bridged classical and romantic eras of music.

57
Q

Symphony

A

-the most important instrumental genre of the Classical period.
-has four major movements (fast-slow-dance-fast)

58
Q

string quartet

A

-falls into the catagory of “chamber music” as it is meant to be preformed in small rooms or intimate settings
- usually made up of four specific string instruments:
2 violins, 1 viola, and a 1 cello

59
Q

sonata

A

-associated with unaccompanied solo works for keyboard or keyboard accompanying another solo instrument
- follows the fast-slow-fast structure of the concerto.

60
Q

concerto

A

-single soloist accompanying an orchestra
-usually using violin or piano, though any instrument can do so
-uses a fast-slow-fast structure

61
Q

Dissonance

A

note gringing against note; that has to be resolved

62
Q

subjectivity

A

lead through emotion—commonly associated with romantic forms of music

63
Q

objectivity

A

lead through reasoning/practicality and focuses on symatry—commonly associated classical forms of music

64
Q

Program Music

A

-developed my Hector Berlioz
-Music that tells a story, narrative, dream sequence, or a scene from nature.

65
Q

Art Song

A

-musical setting of a poem where music sets the mood for the text
-developed by Franz Schubert
-centers on themes of romantic love, nature, or the macabre
- often accompanied by piano or singer

66
Q

Polonaise

A
  • developed and popularized by Chopin as a symbol of national heroism
    -based on a Polish folk dance
67
Q

Symphonic Poem

A

-developed by Franz Liszt
-a one-movement piece that captures the emotions and events of a story
-no breaks between the contrasting four movements
intended to inspire listeners to imagine scenes, images, and fantasies.

68
Q

Opera

A
  • The Romantic era of music is considered the “Golden age” of Opera
    Romantic Opera os characterized by:
    -fascination with the beauty of nature
    -the power of evil
    -the supernatural
    -patriotism
    -a desire for liberty
    -the development of “be canto” (beautiful) singing style

Music Appreciation (2 decks)

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